China has been a big agricultural country for more than 5,000 years, and the cultivation of agricultural products plays a great role in the development of our country. However, in the process of planting, it will inevitably suffer from natural disasters, which will bring great losses to the country. In ancient times, there were not many ways to help the victims. The most common way is for the imperial court to distribute food to the people in the disaster area. But we can know that in ancient times, transportation was not developed, and it may have been a long time since the disaster occurred and the court gave relief. Moreover, after arriving, it is not ruled out that some traitors embezzled food on the road, causing ancient disasters and unable to effectively relieve them. Therefore, Dong Xuan, a native of Poyang in Song Dynasty, combined his previous experience with his own ideas and wrote a book called "Saving the Famine and Creating People". This book is of great significance for reducing the losses caused by natural disasters in ancient China. 1. The book "Saving People from Famine" lists 20 kinds of measures for famine relief. There are Changping, Yicang, persuasion, prohibition, no price suppression, drought inspection, rent reduction, seed lending, bequest, relaxation, reward, becoming a monk, excellent agriculture, anti-theft, locust catching, harmony, caring for refugees, persuading wheat planting, accommodation and lending to the treasury. Among them, Changping, Yicang, persuasion, prohibition and price control are particularly important and are the main methods to solve disasters. The main method of disaster relief in Shen Dong is to use the reserves and market prices of ordinary people for disaster relief. Instead of simply using the government to distribute relief food. The book Making People Live in Famine is unique in the sense of disaster relief. Although it is not the first book about disaster relief, it represents a new idea of disaster management and provides a new method for later rulers. Second, from the book "Saving People from Famine", how to provide relief in ancient times 1. People's spending power is determined by market prices. If the prices of rice and flour go up wildly during the disaster, people will be displaced. There is a saying that in the method proposed by Shen Dong, the price is not suppressed. It means that prices will not be suppressed after the disaster. After the disaster, local food prices are bound to rise. Although it will be very high if it is not suppressed, with the rise of local food prices, there will be some foreign vendors who will bring food to the disaster area. In this way, if there is more grain, the price will go down, and the quantity will increase a lot, which can effectively achieve the effect of disaster control. Among them, in the book "Saving the Famine and Creating People", it is also written that businessmen have heard about it and are worried about the latter sooner or later. After the rice came, the price was also reduced. Use the market to provide disaster relief. 2. The main ways to save the famine through storing grain by the people and government policies are Changping, Yicang and persuasion. Among them, Changping and Yicang mainly keep some rice for use when the harvest is good. It can make people wait for help after a disaster. If people are displaced, it will cause social unrest and expand the impact of disasters. Persuading people in Mido to share some people without rice can effectively maximize resources and stabilize people's hearts. However, the ban is to help the disaster by buying and selling rice. Shen Dong wrote in the book "Saving the Famine and Giving Life to the People": "There are many ways to save the famine, but there are roughly five: peacetime relief, warehouse relief, persuading the poor to divide the rich, curbing corruption, curbing prices and prohibiting their use. If you can do five things, you can certainly do it. 3. The idea of famine relief, and Dong Xuan also advocated famine relief to the victims, and wrote in Su Shi's Luancheng Collection that after the drought, people who were preparing for famine relief were still annoyed; Although Qiu Zi was born, he had no worries in the end. In the Song Dynasty, Sean wrote in Volume VII of The Complete Interpretation of The Analects of Confucius: "There is a cure for famine and all diseases, so it is often said. "It can be seen that famine relief is an important disaster relief policy in ancient times. Famine policy refers to famine policy, famine order and famine policy system in ancient China. Of course, it also includes practical activities, ideas and specific measures to relieve famine, which is an ideological measure to treat the symptoms rather than the root cause. It can be seen from the name of the book "The Living in Famine" that the purpose of famine relief is for the living. What does famine mainly include? Because of natural disasters, the harvest here is not good, so the people are short of food. Winning people's hearts is the goal to be achieved, which shows the cruelty of famine. Living in the people is to ensure that the people can survive the disaster. In its sense, it is close to famine relief. From the content point of view, it is also an aspect of institutional measures. 4. Disaster prevention Of course, disaster relief is not the ultimate goal, but also to prevent disasters at all times. Shen Dong believes that there will be floods and droughts in the world, and those who are unprepared for them are terrible. Most disasters in ancient times were floods, droughts and insects. Floods and droughts are preventable. The foresightedness and effectiveness of preventive thought are also widely reflected in the thought of famine relief. Although the book "Saving the Famine for People" aims at saving the famine, it also attaches great importance to prevention. The methods mentioned include preparing for famine storage, promoting advantages and eliminating disadvantages, and famine relief. After the disaster comes, the biggest impact is food shortage, people's daily life is not guaranteed, which will cause a series of butterfly effects. The most effective way is to provide enough food to help people after the disaster. Then, when the harvest is good, a warehouse can be built to store food for post-disaster use. In addition to establishing positions, rulers can also correct problems and prevent disasters to a great extent. We know that disasters often occur after large-scale construction, so if the rulers do not destroy the construction, the disasters will be relatively reduced. Water conservancy will be built when the water level rises. In times of drought, water can also be discharged for disaster relief. Just like the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China, it has greatly improved the water shortage problem in northern China. Saving famine requires not only policies, but also effective implementation. The most important thing is that someone should do it. In the book "Saving the Famine and Protecting the People", Shen Dong advocates strengthening the awareness of disaster prevention and relief of officials and taking action before disasters come. Thirdly, it is believed that Saving the Famine and Saving the People is the first existing monograph on famine relief in the history of China, which has a unique pioneering role in the field of famine relief and laid a solid foundation for the development of famine relief work. It also provided a method for disaster relief in ancient China. Therefore, after Marshal Ma Shu rescued the famine, there was such a record: "Dong Yang compiled a famine book, which was perfect." According to records, "Saving the Famine and Creating People" is not the first book to write about disaster relief. Before it, there were Qingzhou Relief and Dalu Zhenji, but Saving the Famine and Creating People wrote a book on the theory of famine relief in history, which initiated the thought of famine relief. To some extent, it is a new key to solve the problem of famine. The book "Saving Famine for People" puts forward a series of methods to solve famine, but I think disaster prevention is more important than disaster relief. We should solve the disaster from the source. After all, disaster relief is a disaster, which will definitely cause losses and panic. I think the most important thing is to prevent the disaster from happening again, to make the country safe and the people live and work in peace and contentment. References: 1: Dong Xuan's Book of Saving the Famine and the People 2: Su Shi's Ji Cheng in Lu 'an 3: Sean's Complete Interpretation of the Analects of Confucius.