China is the first systematic school system promulgated by the state and implemented nationwide in modern times. 1904 (30th year of Guangxu in Qing dynasty) 65438+ 10/3 promulgated by the Qing government. Because it was formulated and promulgated in the year of Guimao in the old calendar, it is also called "Guimao academic system". China's first formal education system in modern times.

1902 (the 28th year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty), Zhang Baixi, the minister of management, drafted the constitution of imperial academy, that is, the non-Yin academic system, which was not implemented. 1903 (the 29th year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty), in July, the Qing government ordered Zhang Baixi, Rong Qing and Zhang Zhidong to redraft the school rules according to the Japanese school system, and published them in June 1904, that is, "playing the school rules". Because the year number was the old calendar year, it was called Guimao school system.

The academic system stipulates that the purpose of the school is "loyalty and filial piety-oriented, based on China's classics, history and literature, to make students pure in thought and skills, and then learn western learning to practice their artistic skills, so that they can become useful and suitable for practical use in the future". It also stipulates the nature, tasks, admission conditions, study years, and mutual relations and relationships of schools at all levels.

The academic system includes the statutes of primary schools, institutions of higher learning, middle schools, institutions of higher learning, universities (with Confucian school statutes), family education law of Mongolian nursing homes, primary normal schools, excellent normal schools and primary agricultural, industrial and commercial schools.

Form a background

Because Cecilia Cheung, who presided over the "Ren Yin academic system", was slandered as a new school, and because the Ren Yin academic system was hastily formulated, there were many drawbacks. After the publication, some people put forward different opinions, among which Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Huguang, also put forward more systematic suggestions.

In this case, Cecilia Cheung and Rong Qing, the ministers in charge of management learning, invited Zhang Zhidong to run the school with business in June 1903, and the imperial edict was complied with. This is the first national legal system promulgated and implemented by the central government in the modern history of China, which is more systematic and detailed than the "Benevolence and Concession Academic System". This is the background of the formation of the "Guimao academic system".