First, the invention of chalk and blackboard and its relationship with education.
The tools for writing on the blackboard are chalk and blackboard. Chalk and blackboard have been used in teaching since the middle of19th century. It is impossible to find out who invented it first.
Long before the invention of writing, people found that charcoal could be used for painting. In caves in Europe, people can still see paintings made of charcoal. In the Middle Ages, people began to find that adding water to lime, stirring it evenly, pouring it into a mold, and drying it to form a hard block object, which could replace charcoal to paint and record on the surface of dark flat objects. This should be the earliest appearance of chalk. After nearly a thousand years, it is difficult to find out who first thought of this idea. The appearance of the blackboard is the same. /kloc-at the beginning of the 0/9th century, some people used black paint to scribble words on small wooden boards (to protect them from erosion) to announce important matters, similar to the role of bulletin boards now. This is probably the small blackboard that appeared in the early days But the earliest function of chalk and blackboard was not used for teaching.
By the middle of19th century, schools had been established all over the world. The original teaching method of teachers dictating students' notes has become more and more inconvenient because of the increase in the number of students. Therefore, in European and American countries, it is very common to enlarge the original small and unfixed black bulletin board and use it for teaching. The teacher writes important teaching contents on the blackboard, which is convenient for students to copy and deepen their memory. This is the earliest appearance and use of blackboard writing in teaching. Due to the appearance of chalk and blackboard, the education that is difficult to popularize is finally popularized, and more students are educated. The expansion of education scale makes it possible to eliminate illiteracy and ignorance. As we know, before chalk and blackboard appeared, early education in China was a miniature private school. A teacher teaches several or a dozen students, and the teaching area is extremely limited. Chalk and blackboard are very different when used in teaching. This shows how close the relationship between blackboard writing and education and teaching is.
Second, the role of blackboard writing in teaching.
The blackboard is a field and the chalk is a plow. Chalk writes down scientific definitions, concepts, life-inspiring philosophies and well-known poems on the blackboard, just like plowing the fields. Sow seeds in spring, and there will be endless and fruitful harvest in autumn. Although the blackboard was erased again and again, the imprint of students' knowledge remained forever.
The appearance of chalk and blackboard made teaching go out of the private school-style closure. With the help of blackboard writing, teachers popularized education. Word of mouth from the teacher, chalk magically interprets scientific and cultural knowledge on the blackboard. Magical astronomy and geography, wonderful calligraphy and painting, mathematical formulas and scientific philosophy attract students and suck the milk of knowledge hungrily. Writing on the blackboard with chalk has become an important means to inherit civilization and communicate the future. Needless to say, this is a great achievement.
1, blackboard writing provides a platform for teachers to show their personal teaching style.
Teachers' teaching activities are a kind of teaching art combining teaching with educating people. Teachers can get twice the result with half the effort by using blackboard writing reasonably in the teaching process. Different teachers have different characteristics of teaching blackboard writing. Good blackboard writing can reflect and highlight teachers' teaching personality. Teachers use beautiful chalk to write standardized and scientific blackboard books to help students learn and improve their memory, which not only shows their personal teaching ability, but also wins students' love and respect. Students often discuss "I like math teachers", "I like Chinese teachers" and "Teacher Zhang speaks really well in class". In fact, what students say about liking a teacher is nothing more than the teacher's outstanding personalized characteristics in teaching activities. When a student likes a teacher's teaching style, it means that he likes the subject taught by the teacher. In the long river of human progress, there are many examples of people achieving their careers by worshipping a famous teacher.
2. Writing on the blackboard can cultivate students' writing habits and practical ability.
Teachers can better cultivate students' practical ability by teaching on the blackboard. The teacher demonstrates writing on the blackboard while doing analysis, and the students take notes and draw pictures while listening to the class. Use both hands and brains to form the habit of writing casually and cultivate the ability to work diligently.
3. Good blackboard writing can attract students' attention and improve their observation and aesthetic ability.
Teachers' skills of writing on the blackboard with chalk are excellent, and their skills of layout design are superb. The written blackboard is pleasing to the eye and will attract students' attention. Because of the concentration of attention, its observation ability will be improved accordingly, and the teaching content written by the teacher will be carefully observed. The teacher can't escape the students' eyes if he writes a wrong punctuation mark. Through long-term observation, while improving observation ability, we can improve the ability to distinguish good from bad and cultivate healthy aesthetic ability.
4. Good blackboard writing can make students use their hands and brains, enhance their memory and improve their learning effect.
Due to the attraction of the teacher's exquisite blackboard writing, students pay attention, write while listening, and use their hands and brains to deepen their memory of the learning content, which naturally improves the learning effect.
Good writing on the blackboard can cultivate students' beauty and increase their skills.
Many students' interest and skills in painting and calligraphy are mostly influenced by the teacher's blackboard writing.
Third, the traditional blackboard writing teaching method should not be ignored and replaced.
With the development of science and technology, computers, multimedia, courseware, large screen and other modern equipment as teaching methods have begun to enter the classroom and gradually become popular. This is undoubtedly a revolution in traditional teaching forms and means, and it certainly has its advantages. For example, Liu Xue's Three Gorges on the Yangtze River, for many students, has never seen the Yangtze River, let alone the Three Gorges. Even if they can go now, they won't see the natural scenery of the Three Gorges written by Liu because of the Three Gorges Project. Then playing the Three Gorges scenery film to students will naturally be of great help to students' study.
However, the use of modern teaching methods does not mean that we should ignore or replace traditional teaching methods. Some schools and teachers overemphasize the development and use of computer software and multimedia teaching, which has three shortcomings.
First, the teacher turns on the computer and sits on the keyboard for teaching activities. In this way, the mechanized and stylized teaching arrangement replaces the interaction between teachers and students, weakens the emotional communication between teachers and students, and weakens the implementation of heuristic teaching ideas.
Secondly, because teachers stand by or sit in the corner to manipulate the keyboard for teaching, they naturally ignore the concern for students' overall learning situation. I can't see or take care of the students' learning dynamics. In class, some people often sleep on their desks, some read novels, some play mobile phones, and some listen to music with headphones. This is what the author saw with his own eyes, not groundless.
Thirdly, the application of modern teaching methods requires students to have high quality and learning consciousness. However, at present, students in technical secondary schools and even higher vocational colleges have poor quality, self-discipline and learning consciousness, so it is not appropriate to use modern teaching methods completely in teaching.
We can't deny that the use of modern teaching methods is a revolution to traditional teaching. It will bring vitality to education and teaching and improve teaching effect. But we should understand and treat this problem scientifically and realistically.
As far as the scientific nature of students' cognitive activities is concerned, it is not advisable to ignore the use of traditional blackboard writing teaching methods. We all know this idiom. The teacher's oral guidance in class is the process of impressing students. This is a face-to-face, vivid, intuitive and concrete teaching activity.
The ideal teaching activity should be the two-way interaction between teaching and learning. Teachers' teaching is indeed important, but what is more important is students' learning. In the traditional teaching mode, the teacher stands on the three-foot platform and plays a dual role. You should be both an excellent actor and a qualified director. It can not only infect and edify students' learning knowledge with wonderful performances, but also guide students how to learn knowledge. At the same time, students' learning trends can be found through observation, so as to timely guide, stop bad behavior and mobilize students' learning enthusiasm. However, multimedia teaching activities overemphasize the modernization of teaching methods, which is undoubtedly single in form. Just like listening to music and comedy. It is better to see and hear the performer's performance with your own eyes than to listen to the recording.
Mr. Yi Zhongtian said that because of the popularity of cameras, college students in the fine arts department stopped sketching, and because of the popularity of photocopiers, students stopped taking notes in class, so they asked the teacher for notes and copied them after class. There are many such phenomena, such as the popularity of mobile phones and computers, and young students' hands stay on the keyboard most of the time every day, gradually alienating the pen. Over time, I forgot how to write Chinese characters.
It is not advisable to overemphasize the use of modern teaching methods and ignore or even replace the teaching function of blackboard writing. Everything has two sides. Science and technology bring convenience and convenience to human beings, but at the same time, it also makes people develop the bad habit of laziness and coveting comfort. Using modern teaching methods can certainly help teaching activities, but it also has negative effects. If we can organically combine traditional and modern teaching methods according to the needs of teaching content, and scientifically develop and utilize them, wouldn't it be in harmony with The Lost Corner?
Shao, senior lecturer of Liaoning Railway Vocational and Technical College.