First, the challenge of network culture to distance education teachers
With the rapid development of modern distance education, the space of teaching and learning is gradually evolving from the physical form of the school to the virtual space of the network. Modern distance education is a form different from general traditional educational activities. Its characteristic is the separation of time and space between teaching and learning, and teachers and students are always in a "quasi-permanent separation state". This poses a series of challenges to teachers and researchers of distance education: how to effectively carry out distance education by using the virtual space created by the network? How to understand the related cultural phenomena generated by the network and fully grasp the rules of the game in this virtual space? What kind of network values should we establish and make full use of the network to create a harmonious distance learning culture? Wait a minute.
The network is gradually forming a new cultural carrier-we call it "network culture" for the time being. It comes into being and develops with the development of information technology, especially network communication technology. The development of the Internet is not only a technical issue, but also covers the human dimension in appearance, investment and use. Without humanistic understanding and thinking, the network cannot develop healthily. Therefore, the topic of cultivating humanistic spirit in the network era has attracted great attention of many experts and scholars. This shows that when the network has just entered people's life and study, distance educators in China have examined the network phenomenon with a rational eye, including the application of the network in distance education. This is very beneficial to how to use the network to carry out distance education in China.
The network has the characteristics of virtuality, equality, interactivity and resource sharing, and these characteristics are also available in the cultural phenomena it produces. Judging from the teaching situation of modern distance education pilot universities in China, most online education colleges have established or used computer networks, satellite TV networks and telecommunications networks to carry out distance education, using BBS, E? Non-real-time or real-time interactive discussion via email or ISDN. In this networked learning community, the interaction and harmony between teachers and students, teachers and teaching resources, and students and teaching resources are extremely important for the effective development of distance learning. Modern distance education has remarkable technical and teaching characteristics such as digitalization, multimedia and interactivity, which are all built on an effective virtual learning community and connected through the network. Therefore, how to improve the quality of teachers in online learning communities and promote learners' learning is an important issue in the development of modern distance education.
Second, the quality that distance education teachers should have
"Literacy" and "quality" are different in concept. According to the definition of Ci Hai, quality refers to: ① the original characteristics and original foundation of people or things in some aspects. (2) People's growing cultivation in practice. Such as political quality and cultural quality. The "literacy" selected in this paper means that distance education teachers should not only have the quality and ability of distance education teaching, but also have certain network culture accomplishment, including understanding and grasping the cultural phenomenon formed by the network, as well as the pursuit and responsibility of creating a harmonious learning culture.
One of the most important tasks of modern distance education is to establish an effective virtual learning community, so as to effectively organize and manage teaching, make teachers, students and teaching resources develop in a balanced way, and strive to create a harmonious learning atmosphere and learning culture to support and guide the development of the community. Therefore, the role of teachers under the network environment has changed greatly compared with that of teachers in the traditional sense: they become the designers of distance education courses and various media teaching materials by participating in and presiding over distance education course groups; By organizing and managing students' learning in the community, they become the instructors of students' learning process; Through the distance education technology media, guide and guide students to interact in real time or not, and become the guide and assistant of students' learning. To create such a learning community, distance education teachers must constantly improve their own literacy. The specific requirements are as follows:
Teachers engaged in distance education should have the ability to constantly update their own concepts, thus changing the traditional concepts of distance education and establishing the media, quality and service concepts of modern distance education.
-A country with a strong sense of social responsibility mentioned in the Action Plan for Revitalizing Education in the 20th Century (2 1) that the implementation of modern distance education project is a strategic measure to run large-scale education well under the condition of shortage of educational resources in China, and it should be strengthened as an important infrastructure. The target of distance education in China is mostly young people. Some of them are students at school, and some have just taken up their jobs. However, they are all vital forces in China's national construction. Strengthening their training is of great significance to the future development of the country. Therefore, teachers in distance education must have a strong sense of social responsibility and a high degree of professionalism.
Teachers, students and teaching resources with the ability of teaching organization and design are three basic components of distance education, and the core of which is learning. On the one hand, the wide application of information technology in the field of distance education makes the interaction among teachers, students and teaching resources stronger and stronger; On the other hand, due to the quasi-permanent separation between teachers and students, the demand for interaction between teachers and teaching resources and between students and teaching resources becomes more and more urgent. This requires distance education teachers to have the basic ability to apply network and multimedia technology, strong ability to organize and design distance education, and the ability to design distance education courses and multimedia teaching materials.
-Ability to manage educational resources. The construction of educational resources affects the development of distance education to a great extent. After designing and making good courses or multimedia teaching materials, teachers must manage and classify these resources by themselves or arrange special personnel to make them orderly, so that distance learning students can find what they need quickly and conveniently as soon as they enter the large-scale "supermarket" of resource library.
-Ability to judge and choose network culture. Modern distance education is increasingly carrying out teaching and learning activities through the network, but there is too much information hidden in the network, including all kinds of negative and decadent cultures, which will affect learners' learning and damage their physical and mental health. Therefore, when designing and managing teaching resources and organizing distance teaching, teachers must also have keen cultural judgment and selection ability, so as to guide students to establish a correct awareness of network culture and cultivate the ability to distinguish between true and false, beauty, ugliness, good and evil.
The effective implementation of distance education with the sense of participating in virtual learning community depends on the effective interaction between teachers and students, teachers and teaching resources, and students and teaching resources. Realizing interaction requires the joint participation of both teaching and learning. As a teacher, only by participating can we understand the network, the learning activities and learning characteristics of distance students, and deepen our understanding of the virtual learning community. Distance education teachers should actively use BBS online discussion and e? E-mail, video conference system, live classroom, telephone, electronic question answering system and other technical means, participate in study and discussion with students, and truly realize teaching and learning.
In today's world, the authority of teachers will no longer be based on students' passivity and ignorance, but on their ability to promote their learning with the active participation of students. Therefore, teachers engaged in distance education should have creative thinking and innovative ability, learn to presuppose problems, emphasize the teaching of learning skills and the enlightenment of thinking, so that students can learn to learn in the process of discovering and solving problems.
-The selfless spirit of teamwork and great cooperation to create an advanced and harmonious learning culture under the network environment requires teachers to carry forward the team spirit and great cooperation spirit, and jointly understand and grasp the phenomenon of network culture and its influence on distance education, so as to form a team of distance learning and research and promote the formation and development of network-based learning culture.
Distance education is sensitive to technological progress and can predict its development. Its development cannot be separated from the support of information science and technology. Nowadays, the development of information technology is changing with each passing day, which requires distance education teachers, including distance education researchers, to have the sensitivity to technological progress and the ability to predict development, and to grasp the role of technological progress and its development in promoting distance education in time, so as to guide distance education to its own development track.
-We should have a scientific view of learning culture under the network environment. Distance educators should establish a scientific view of learning culture under the network environment, correctly understand the relationship between distance education and educational technology, advocate the integration of advanced technology and humanistic spirit, realize the integration of Skynet, Ground Network and People Network, truly realize the sharing of educational resources, and create a harmonious learning community and advanced learning culture!
Third, strategies to improve the quality of distance education teachers
The author believes that improving the quality of distance education teachers can be considered from the following aspects:
1. Strengthen the training of distance education teachers. It is a convenient, low-cost and effective way to train teachers by using network distance education including satellite TV network, telecommunication network and computer network. However, quite a few teachers know little about network technology, which is extremely unfavorable to the development of distance education in China. Therefore, they must be trained to improve their technical application skills and the quality of network use. At the same time, we should strengthen the training of pedagogy knowledge and network culture knowledge, broaden their horizons, improve their academic and professional level, and make them adapt to the needs of the development of distance education in the information age.
2. Expand the research of online learning from the perspective of sociology and social learning. The latest research shows that students' positive attitude towards virtual learning community in distance learning will directly affect their learning effect. Qualitative investigation and research on the causes of network communication activities is the focus of distance education research in the world today, and all countries are advocating to study online learning from the perspective of sociology and social learning. Teachers and researchers of distance education in China should also adjust their research methods when conducting distance teaching and research, think about various phenomena of distance education in China from the perspective of sociology and social learning, and expand the research of online distance learning.
3. Strengthen the research of network culture. Various cultural phenomena caused by the network, such as network junk and internet addiction, network hacker and network security, network education and social development, network ethics and network laws and regulations construction, distance education resource sharing and learning culture creation, have brought a series of new problems to the development of distance education. Therefore, distance educators should strengthen the research on network culture in teaching and scientific research.
4. Research and track the development and application of cutting-edge technology. The development of distance education is inseparable from the support of information technology, and how to apply the most suitable technology for distance education is very important. The latest technology is not equal to the most suitable. In other words, the most suitable is not necessarily the latest technology. This requires distance education teachers and researchers to expand their research and tracking on the development and application of cutting-edge technologies, especially to improve their sensitivity and predictive ability in the integration of information technology and distance education, so as to better apply technology to modern distance education.
5. Highlight the role of teaching backbones and leaders. The development of distance education cannot be separated from the leading role of high-quality backbone teachers and well-known academic leaders. Therefore, we should increase investment in the training of outstanding young teachers, young and middle-aged academic backbones and academic leaders, and implement key support so that they can better play the role of backbones and leaders in the teaching and scientific research of modern distance education.
6. Encouraging distance education teachers to carry out scientific research and academic exchange activities is inseparable from the research activities of researchers and the summary of teachers' experience, and also from the exchange of academic activities. While teaching, distance education teachers should actively carry out scientific research, participate in academic exchange activities, and strive to improve their own quality in research and academic exchange.
7. Strengthening the cooperation and cooperation between teachers and units is a systematic and extensive work, which needs the support and cooperation from all sides. Teachers and teachers, units and units should strengthen cooperation and cooperation, develop rich teaching resources, formulate relevant systems, realize resource sharing, and promote and form a learning culture of unity, cooperation and coordinated development under the network environment.