(A) language education activities
Language education activities in kindergartens refer to educational activities aimed at children's language development. Teachers create a good language environment for children to communicate and express themselves easily, thus achieving language development, improving children's thinking level and meeting children's needs of appreciating the beauty of language. The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) clearly points out that the key of kindergarten language education is that teachers should create a free and relaxed language communication environment, support, encourage and attract children to talk with teachers, peers or others, experience the fun of language communication, and learn to use appropriate and polite language communication. Encourage children to express their thoughts and feelings boldly and clearly, try to explain and describe simple things or processes, and develop language expression and thinking ability. Therefore, the core of language education activity design is the creation of language communication environment.
(2) Health education activities
Kindergarten health education activities are educational activities aimed at promoting children's physical and mental health and social adaptation, maintaining children's physical and mental balance and cultivating children's civilized and healthy behavior habits. The contents of kindergarten health education activities include civilized health education, mental health education, safety education and sex education. The key of kindergarten health education activities is to pay attention to the trinity of children's cognition, emotion and behavior, starting with children's cognition and emotion, and finally forming children's good civilized behavior habits.
(3) Sports activities
Sports activities are usually considered as a kind of health education activities, which are listed separately here because they are very different from health education activities in objectives, contents and methods. Health education activities point to children's knowledge and behavior, while sports activities point to children's physical movement and development. Sports activities refer to educational activities aimed at promoting children's physical development and improving their physical quality. It emphasizes the realization of educational goals through physical exercise, namely, exercise, gymnastics training and sports games. In kindergarten, children like sports very much because they are lively and active. Therefore, teachers should carry out indoor and outdoor sports activities to meet children's needs, exercise children's bodies and promote their healthy physical and mental development.
(4) Science education activities
Science education activities are activities aimed at stimulating children's curiosity and thirst for knowledge, guiding children to explore the surrounding things and environment, so as to acquire knowledge and scientific common sense of the surrounding things and promote children's cognitive development. The key of science education activities is that children actively explore the environment. Teachers should give priority to stimulating children's interest in science, their emotion in learning science and their desire to explore science, and guide children to learn simple scientific methods, so that children can acquire scientific knowledge about surrounding things and phenomena in the process of independent inquiry, thus forming a preliminary scientific literacy. As the "Outline" said: "Children's science education is a scientific enlightenment education, focusing on stimulating children's cognitive interest and exploration desire." Therefore, "we should try our best to create conditions for children to actually participate in inquiry activities, so that they can feel the process and methods of scientific inquiry and experience the fun of discovery". It is necessary to "create a relaxed environment for children's inquiry activities, so that every child has the opportunity to participate in the attempt, support and encourage them to ask questions boldly, express different opinions, and learn to respect the views and experiences of others."
(5) Social education activities
Social education activities aim to provide purposeful and planned social activities, so that children can learn from each other, communicate with each other and cooperate together, so that children can gain experience in social life, promote the formation of their self-awareness, develop their ability of communication and cooperation, and enhance their understanding of society and the world. Social education activities are an important way for kindergartens to develop children's social quality and promote children's socialization. Through social education activities, children constantly enhance their understanding of social life, master social life and social behavior norms, form good social quality, and lay the foundation for children to adapt to social life. The key to the design of social education activities is to guide children to participate in various collective activities, learn in interpersonal activities and strengthen cooperation with families and communities.
(VI) Art education activities
Art education activities refer to colorful art activities organized by kindergartens, which guide children to feel, express and create beauty in art activities, constantly enrich their spiritual life, form their healthy personality and promote their harmonious development. Art is the main way to implement aesthetic education, and there are various forms of art education activities in kindergartens, which can be carried out through literature, music, painting, appreciation, dance, handicrafts and other ways. The key point is that the purpose of children's art education is not only to let children learn artistic skills, but also to enrich their emotional world-art is the main way for children to express their emotions. Therefore, kindergarten art education activities should give full play to the emotional education function of art and promote the formation of children's sound personality. It is necessary to avoid focusing only on the performance skills or the results of artistic activities, while ignoring children's emotional experience and attitude tendency in the process of activities. "