(1) means of struggle: raising oil exploitation tax; Raise oil prices; Reduce the amount of oil exploitation; Reduce oil supply; Oil embargo. The significance of the struggle: safeguarding the economic interests of oil exporting countries; Taking oil as a weapon of political struggle has great influence on international affairs.

(2) Change: In the late 1980s, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries split internally, and western powers strengthened their control over oil. Reasons: organizational differentiation caused by self-contradiction; Iraq pursues a policy of regional hegemony; Differentiated policies of western countries; After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the bipolar pattern ended and ethnic and regional conflicts intensified.

(3) Third world countries must unite; Third world countries must strengthen their economic strength from their own reality, and pure resource advantages can only be vassals of western industrial powers.

The material 1 reflects the background of the establishment of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Material 2 reflects the joint struggle between the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and western powers. Material 3 reflects the contradictions and struggles within the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. This topic mainly examines the ability to analyze materials and use materials to solve problems.