From then on, he didn't see anyone except the cabinet minister. This state lasted for 30 years, breaking the record kept by Grandpa Jiajing for more than 20 years, and truly verifying the truth that "shine on you is better than blue".
For many years, countless historians have racked their brains and failed to find out the real reason why Emperor Wanli refused to go to court, but there is no doubt that his "elite education" for Emperor Wanli was as complete a failure as his refusal to meet people in the deep palace.
Zhu Yijun, the emperor of Wanli, was made a prince at the age of six and became emperor at the age of ten. Compared with his father, his father doesn't even have the title of a prince. He has been a monarch for more than 30 years, and he is no better.
Academically, his tutor Zhang is the highest representative of national intellectuals. In life, his mother, Li Taihou, and the eunuch in charge of ceremonies, Feng Bao, always accompanied the Emperor Wanli and took care of him. Why did Emperor Wanli end up lazy?
First, simply analyze the education of Emperor Wanli.
Zhang was very keen on the education of Emperor Wanli. At that time, Wanli was young, fearing that he could not understand the profound truth. So Zhang carefully selected 1 17 historical events, of which 8 1 was good and 36 were bad. Each case is illustrated, and a book called Jian Di Tu Jian is compiled, which is similar to the current picture book.
After compiling the book, Zhang tells stories to the little emperor every day, pointing to the illustrations in the book and telling Wanli that this is a good man and this is a bad man.
Zhang has a dream: to realize his political ambition and cultivate the Wanli emperor into a wise king. As a result, the force is too strong, the demands on Wan Li are too strict, and the overall educational style is too depressing.
He is so eager to turn Wanli into his own monarch that he has worked tirelessly for many years. However, Zhang doesn't understand educational psychology at all, nor does he master the super brainwashing method of pyramid schemes. Wanli's mental journey from respect to disgust to rebellion is not difficult to understand.
Wanli was very clever when he was a child, but it was inevitable that he would not recite. At this time, Zhang will take out the identity of Yan Shi and ask him severely, which will make the little emperor feel ashamed.
When Emperor Wanli read The Analects of Confucius, Zhang stood by and listened. When he reads a sentence, he reads "Bo" as "Bei". Originally, it was nothing, but Zhang couldn't stand it anymore and shouted, "This word should be pronounced' Bo'!" The little emperor's hands trembled with fear.
In fact, Xueba often can't be a good teacher and can't look at things from the perspective of students.
Once, an excellent teacher told me that I became a famous teacher only because I am a scum and can deeply understand the blind spots of students' knowledge. Teacher Xueba thinks that such a simple content can be understood as soon as you learn it, and there is no need to explain it at all.
Zhang obviously belongs to the kind of teacher who has superior ability but knows nothing about education.
A strict teacher can only teach two kinds of students: senior students and junior students. Emperor Wanli acted like a noble disciple when Zhang was alive. After Zhang's death, Wanli lost the control of Yan Shi. Because of cramming education's years, he didn't form the habit of autonomous learning at all, which led him to give up learning soon.
Zhang has another serious injury: being strict with himself. On the one hand, he asked the emperor to be frugal and severely criticized the emperor's various wasteful behaviors; On the other hand, I have accumulated wealth and lived an extremely luxurious life.
When Zhang died, Emperor Wanli learned that his respected teacher was so duplicitous, and his heart suffered a heavy blow. He began to doubt life.
Although Zhang's educational methods are very problematic, he is not the only one to blame for the failure of Wanli education, but also Wanli's parents and parents are responsible.
Qin Long, the father of Emperor Wanli, was a rather sad figure. Due to the lack of fatherly love, two sons died in front of him, and he had a good impression on Wanli. He doesn't like reading himself, for fear that reading will tire his son out. When Wanli was made prince at the age of 6, Zhang proposed to the prince, but no matter how others persuaded him, he insisted on waiting until Wanli 10 to get married.
Because of her stubbornness, Wanli was almost illiterate when she hastily ascended the throne. At that time, he had just studied for two months, and he had only read a few pages in a three-character classic.
Due to the early death of his father, the family education of Emperor Wanli fell on his mother Li Taihou.
In fact, the education of young emperors is usually divided into two parts, one is a minister, the other is a mother and consorts. Some things that ministers can't teach are taught by mothers. We can see that many political experts among emperors, such as Emperor Han Jingdi and Kangxi, were trained by their mothers (Kangxi was a grandmother).
In order to prevent the harem from interfering in politics in the Ming Dynasty, concubines were all from ordinary families. Li Taihou came from a humble background and had little education since childhood. And there are some reasons, Zhang can't tell Wanli, Wanli must understand. At this time, the mother's educational status is particularly important. However, the usual means of education in Li Taihou are threatening education.
Zhang was often used to scare Emperor Wanli. Once she felt that the emperor had done something out of line and had no idea how to guide her. She will only say, "What if Mr. Zhang knows?" Zhang is the childhood shadow of Emperor Wanli, which scared the little emperor to be honest for several days.
She also used "big partner" Feng Bao as eyeliner. Emperor Wanli was a little uneasy, and Feng Bao immediately reported it. The emperor's words and deeds are constantly spread to the queen mother's ears through these people, which means that the queen mother knows about the emperor without going out.
It is said that where there is oppression, there is resistance. Wanli entered adolescence under this strict education system, and found herself with nothing to do. I want to lead my own government. My mother told him to wait until he was thirty. I want to deal with some government affairs. When I see Zhang, I will approve. Do it. That doesn't count. He doesn't even have the right to draw a hook and stamp. You know, that's Feng Bao's job.
If you are not allowed to do business, you should do something to vent your energy. Wanli has no friends, so she can only play with eunuchs around her.
He plays whatever the eunuch plays. When the eunuch hits cricket, he hits cricket; Eunuch drinks, he drinks. But people sleep when they are drunk, and Wan Li makes trouble when he is drunk.
At the age of seventeen or eighteen, Emperor Wanli was not good at wine, so he made ladies-in-waiting sing sour songs. The maid-in-waiting refused. He was very angry and wanted to behead him. Sun Hai, the maid, and the guests were afraid of making a big deal out of it, so they asked Wanli to cut her hair instead of beheading it.
Li Taihou immediately knew about it, and besides threatening education, she also increased corporal punishment education. She let Wanli kneel for hours without saying anything, and she had to go to the ancestral temple to abolish Wanli. Finally, under the mediation of Zhang, Emperor Wanli admitted his mistake and wrote a letter to himself. This imperial edict was written by Zhang, which is very unkind. Emperor Wanli was an adult at that time, and his personality was very sensitive, which caused great trauma to his mind.
I don't know if it was influenced by wonderful grandpa and cowardly dad. I feel that Emperor Wanli is sometimes quite headstrong. He didn't put himself in the right position at all. His rebellion in his youth was suppressed by his mother and Jang Jin. Later, after Zhang's death, no one suppressed him, and he began to rebel and let himself go in middle age.
In order to establish a prince, he went on a passive strike with his ministers, and in his later years he was a little broken on the Liaodong issue. He doesn't think the world is his own at all, so he should make great efforts to govern. On the contrary, he makes all kinds of noises, just like children nowadays think that learning is for their parents.
To tell the truth, a good emperor is not taught. He was taught to be divided into two parts and divided himself into eight parts. If a tree is used as an analogy, there are too many useless branches of Emperor Wanli. Zhang tried to cut off some of them, but the longer the tree grew, the more crooked it became, which didn't help.
The life of Zhu Yijun, the emperor of Wanli, was from hard struggle to rebellious abandonment. His mother, teacher and big partner are under too much pressure. From the perspective of education, this is overkill. Once no one exerts pressure, it goes to extremes.