After the Opium War, China became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. In the increasingly serious national crisis, saving the nation to survive has become the voice of the times. Reforming the old feudal education system in China and cultivating useful materials to meet the needs of the times have become one of the hot topics discussed by the government and the public.

190 1 At the beginning of the year, Empress Dowager Cixi fled to xi 'an with Emperor Guangxu in her arms, and issued letters of "the crime has been declared" and "the reform", requiring officials at all levels to "take into account the current political situation, give consideration to Chinese and Western politics, and cite matters such as governing the country, people's livelihood, the imperial examination in schools, military and political affairs and finance".

In April, the Qing government set up a supervision and management office as an institution for planning reform. Since then, various reform "new policies" have been introduced one after another. The main contents are: reforming the official system, the military system, rewarding industry and commerce, and reforming education. Among them, the reform of education mainly includes "stopping the imperial examination", "setting up schools" and "rewarding study tours"

Since August, the Qing government has successively promulgated a series of educational reform decrees, including reopening Shi Jing University Hall; All provincial capitals, departments, state and county academies in Manabu Nakanishi were changed into universities, middle schools and primary schools; Send students to study abroad and so on. In this massive reform movement, China's education began to transform from traditional to modern structure.

Through the power of political power, the Qing government gradually put into practice the bourgeois reformists' idea of transforming old education.

Extended data:

The educational reform in the "New Deal" in the late Qing Dynasty was intended to conform to the current situation and cultivate a reserve team of officials who were loyal to the court and understood western learning. The guiding ideology is still "taking middle school as the body and western learning as the service" advocated by the Westernization School for a long time, and the school still teaches "four books and five classics, justice and reason, supplemented by historical lessons from past dynasties, Chinese and foreign politics and art".

But it still has certain historical significance in promoting the modernization of education. The establishment of Guizhou University Hall appeared under such a historical background.