We must adopt four measures: confirming the right, delegating power, delegating power and surrendering power, scientifically allocate educational administrative power, and establish a complete balance mechanism of public educational power.

Many experts said that it is the key to establish a modern education governance system to curb the continuous expansion of public power in government education functional departments and establish a national public education administrative power allocation mechanism with clear power boundaries, matching powers and responsibilities, mutual restraint and strong implementation and supervision.

"To promote the modernization of China's educational governance system and governance capacity in an all-round way, we must adopt four major measures, such as" confirming the right ","decentralizing "and" ceding the right ",scientifically allocate educational administrative power, and establish a complete balance mechanism of public education power." Zhang Zhiyong said.

"'confirming the right' means determining the ownership of educational administrative power and changing the situation that multi-head management leads to mutual wrangling and low management efficiency. This is mainly manifested in the management of vocational education, private education and off-campus institutions. It is suggested that the mechanic education and technician education managed by the labor and personnel department should be managed by the education administrative department, and the education department should manage the whole vocational education as a whole. The labor and personnel department is mainly responsible for formulating industry standards and strictly implementing the vocational qualification system. In addition, the qualification access of private educational institutions and off-campus educational institutions should be handed over to the education administrative department for overall management. " Zhang Zhiyong said.

Zhang Zhiyong proposed to "decentralize" the authority of education, establishment and personnel management as soon as possible. Zhang Zhiyong suggested that in the allocation of education and personnel power, the state must clarify their respective power boundaries and return the right to recruit teachers and the right to evaluate their positions (titles) to the county-level education administrative departments. In the allocation of educational financial power, it is necessary to establish an educational financial management system with clear powers and responsibilities, unified decentralization and mutual checks and balances with relevant government functional departments such as education and finance.

In terms of "decentralization", Zhang Zhiyong believes that the key to activating the vitality of local governments and schools is to speed up the transformation of educational management functions, simplify administration and decentralize power to local governments and schools. On the one hand, the central government should delegate the overall planning power of local education to provincial governments, including the adjustment of educational management functions and the planning of educational undertakings; Decentralize the overall planning power of higher education, including the right to set up colleges and universities and the right to reform college entrance examinations; Decentralize and promote the overall autonomy of education reform, including various educational reform pilots in line with state regulations and central policies. On the other hand, if governments at all levels want to decentralize schools, the key is to ensure the autonomy of running schools according to law, including personnel management, independent enrollment, financial education funds and the right to use education funds raised according to law.

"While returning the autonomy of running a school, schools and colleges must also improve their internal governance mechanisms." Shi Zhongying said that from the perspective of colleges and universities, schools should serve the development of colleges, establish academic committees, take academic power as the axis, make good use of democratic management platforms such as teachers' congresses, students' congresses, and joint meetings of the party and government, so as to stimulate grassroots innovation and promote the connotative development of China University.

For a middle school, Guo Han believes that the school should focus on improving its governance ability from the following aspects: First, it should fully and accurately understand the task of reform, consciously use dialectical thinking, systematic thinking, innovative thinking, strategic thinking, bottom line thinking to think about problems, plan ideas, improve work, and carry out comprehensive reforms. Don't go astray because of one thing, and don't take it out of context and mechanically copy it. We should not only give the school some autonomy, but also clarify the educational objectives of the school. Second, we should build broad consensus and take responsibility. With the development of the situation, the difficulty and risk of reform are increasing. What used to be reasonable may not meet the needs of reality now. What used to work for a long time may not work now. It is necessary to build a learning school, emancipate the mind, enhance the confidence of reform, and form a joint force of reform. Third, coordinate and promote reform. Within education, it is necessary to promote the reform of curriculum, teaching and examination enrollment system as a whole, starting from what the people and teachers and students expect most, and starting from the link where all departments, all walks of life and teachers and students reach a consensus, so as to promote fairness, grasp reform and speed up the construction of modern school system.

Chang Lu, the principal of Zhongguancun No.1 Primary School in Beijing, also believes that while the government decentralizes power, the school should also speed up the improvement of its internal governance structure, from management to guidance, from norms to individuality, from system to culture, from administration to academics, and from resources to openness. "On the one hand, it is necessary to stimulate teachers' awareness of life and return all kinds of teaching autonomy to teachers; On the other hand, we should stimulate students' enthusiasm and let them take the initiative to participate in school affairs. In addition, parents and communities should be encouraged to participate in school educational activities and build an all-round and three-dimensional educational environment. "

"Decentralization" means changing the situation of centralized management of education by the government and its education administrative departments, and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of society, including social organizations and individual citizens, to participate in education management and school management. Zhang Zhiyong said: "First of all, we should delegate power to social organizations. Governments at all levels may entrust all kinds of decision-making, professional management, quality management and educational reform projects to qualified educational professional service institutions or industry associations. The second is to hand over power to the society and let the broad masses of the people participate in the decision-making, supervision and management of education at all levels as stakeholders in education. "

"The most important thing now is to adjust the role of the government and change its management style. Committee system should be established to absorb social forces to participate in educational decision-making and internal management of education. It is necessary to truly establish and develop a number of intermediary organizations, especially academic professional organizations, to participate in educational management. We should improve the school system by perfecting legislation and school regulations. We must further promote information disclosure. " Liu Baocun said.

"In addition, administrative power should be strictly restricted by certain means." Chu Hongqi said, firstly, educational administrative power should be restricted by substantive legislation. The government still needs to supervise schools, but it should emphasize service and support, indirect management and macro management. Secondly, government power is restricted by procedural legislation such as information disclosure, administrative reconsideration, administrative litigation and administrative appeal. Third, implement the administrative accountability system. The combination of the three can make power play an important role and be restricted at the same time, which is the characteristic of modern education governance system.