As the core component of the medical security system, the implementation of medical security is a process of adjusting the health interests of various interest groups and members of the whole society to meet people's health needs and promote social development. Establishing a social medical security system suitable for China's basic national conditions can not only effectively improve the quality of life of our people, but also be of great significance to promoting social stability and economic development. As a developing country, China is not very rich in medical resources, so that the limited medical resources can meet the basic medical needs of the broad masses and the special medical needs of different social groups to the greatest extent, which should be the goal of the reform of medical security system in China. National medical development planning, medical education, management of medical institutions, drug management and other links should also reflect this goal.

Since 1980s, the social medical security system in China has experienced a period of reform and development. In the era of planned economy, the urban free medical care, labor insurance medical care and rural cooperative medical care system once provided the vast majority of urban and rural residents with different degrees of medical security. With the deepening of China's economic system reform and the diversification of social interests, the original medical security system can no longer meet the requirements of the new situation of socialist market economy. In the transitional period between the old and new systems, various contradictions and problems in the medical security system itself, the implementation process, the external environment and the legislation and law enforcement have become increasingly prominent.