In fact, if civic education is divorced from traditional culture, it will become rootless, and rootless things will have no vitality. Whether China's civic education really has advantages and characteristics depends on whether it can really absorb, carry forward and creatively transform China's traditional culture. In today's world, culture, economy and politics blend with each other and play an increasingly prominent role in comprehensive national strength. The power of culture is deeply rooted in the vitality, creativity and cohesion of the nation. He also stressed: "In the face of the mutual agitation of various ideologies and cultures around the world, we must take carrying forward and cultivating the national spirit as an extremely important task of cultural construction and bring it into the whole process of national education and spiritual civilization construction, so that all the people can always maintain a high spirit.
The New Citizen Reader includes four aspects: civic morality, civic values, civic knowledge and civic participation skills. Among them, civic morality includes such themes as tolerance, gratitude, honesty and dignity; Citizen values include freedom, equality, human rights, democracy, the rule of law and harmonious coexistence with nature. Civic knowledge includes topics such as democratic politics, party system, judicial justice, etc. Citizen participation skills include topics such as communicating with people, giving speeches, participating in elections, handling disputes and safeguarding rights and interests.
In the past, moral education under the traditional society and planned economy system shaped the personality of "subjects" who fulfilled their obligations and obeyed orders, and the final result of this education was to cultivate a large number of "ordinary people"; Modern society and market economy require people to have the consciousness of subject, participation, rights and supervision, that is, citizens who actively participate in public life, dare to fight for freedom and dare to defend and expand their rights. What modern countries need is not "ordinary people", but new citizens.
2. Strengthen civic education and cultivate civic awareness.
Under the influence of the traditional concept of exam-oriented education, ideological and political courses are mainly guided by knowledge mastery, and teaching emphasizes simple indoctrination, ignoring the cultivation of students' personality and civic awareness. A student can get high marks in the political exam, but he may be a person who doesn't abide by social morality in life. The knowledge, instrumentality and scientificity of traditional political courses have separated people's knowledge education and spiritual construction. Therefore, we should change our teaching concept, pay attention to the openness of ideological and political education, infiltrate civic education into ideological and political courses in an open and pluralistic modern civil society, and improve students' modern civic awareness of democracy, equality, autonomy and criticism.
3. Strengthen practical training and carry out civic education activities. Service learning is an educational method based on experiential learning theory, which combines curriculum learning with community service. Through the cooperation between schools and communities, students can participate in organized service actions to meet social needs and cultivate responsible citizens. The focus of service learning is not only to promote students' knowledge learning by providing services to the society, but also to cultivate students' civic awareness, social responsibility and cooperative spirit. Therefore, in the teaching of ideological and political courses, we should correctly guide and organize students to carry out service-oriented learning, pay attention to practical exercise, infiltrate civic awareness from all aspects, and let students feel a real sense of life in ideological and political education. In practice, we should take into account the relationship between service and the knowledge students have learned and the actual needs of the community, and be good at guiding students to think in a civic way. The teacher asked the students to think first and ask public questions around them. The students began to ask questions and listed them on the blackboard: someone stole the manhole cover; Someone litters in the community; There is a serious "street market" phenomenon in this city ... Then, the students screened out the problem that everyone should work together to solve by voting: there is no traffic light in the east of jiefang bridge, so traffic accidents often occur. After that, the children took action: some went to calculate the traffic flow per minute of motor vehicles at intersections; Some statistics intersection accident rate; Some went to interview the traffic police; Some contact the street lamp management office of the transportation department ... This class can also hold a hearing on this issue and invite community representatives, transportation departments, drivers and pedestrians and other related institutions and personnel to discuss solutions together.
4. Improve educational methods and realize moral education innovation.
Civic education should reach the level of unconsciousness, that is, let the educated unconsciously accept the ideas of educators. Educators should pay attention to arouse the enthusiasm of the educated to participate in ideological education. There are many educational bases in China, such as museums, memorial halls and exhibition halls, which regularly hold major anniversary celebrations. These educational bases and celebrations play an important role in ideological education. This enlightens us to strengthen the improvement of social environment and promote the unconsciousness of ideological and political education with a good environment. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the personality charm of the educational subject and enlighten and correct the value orientation of the educated through the behavior, morality, style and knowledge of the educator.
With the development of civic education, the school management and education system will change accordingly.
Students' life at school should reflect civic awareness. If the school decides to punish a student, then the student has the right to ask the school to hold a hearing, to defend himself, and to know how the school's decision is made. When a student congress is held, the presidium of the congress and school leaders should answer the questions of the delegates face to face. Students participate in school management through congresses and become the real masters of the school, not the objects of supervision-this is the practice of cultivating civic awareness. As long as it is related to students, students must participate in the formulation and implementation of the system. If students are dissatisfied with any system or want to formulate a new system, they can submit it to the student congress for discussion in the form of a proposal.
Civic education should be completed through civic life.