Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a representative of Viennese classical music school. 1756 65438+/kloc-0 was born in the family of a court musician in Salzburg on October 27th,179165438+died in Vienna on February 5th. Mozart showed his musical talent at the age of three, studied piano with his father at the age of four, composed music at the age of five, studied violin with his father at the age of six, wrote many sonatas and symphonies at the age of eight, and wrote his first opera at the age of eleven. He only lived to be 36 years old. Heavy creation, performance and poor life damaged his health and made him die prematurely, and his music works became the precious heritage of the world music treasure house.
From 65438 to 0762, six-year-old Mozart, led by his father, made a tentative tour in Munich, Vienna and Pressburg, and achieved success. From June 1763 to March 1773, he toured Germany, France, Britain, the Netherlands, Italy and other countries for ten years and achieved success. These touring performances have had a positive impact on Mozart's artistic development. He had access to the most advanced music arts in Europe at that time-Italian opera, French opera and German instrumental music, which made him the composer with the widest creative style at that time.
Since 1774, his creation has entered a mature stage. In another performance of 1777, Mozart was inspired and encouraged by his extensive contact with all walks of life, especially his equal and harmonious communication with Mannheim citizen artists, which far exceeded the traditional concept. This is not only the improvement of art appreciation ability, but also a profound understanding of the irrationality of feudal system. He realized more and more that a person's value is not determined by birth, but by talent and morality. Mozart, now an adult, was dissatisfied with his slavery. In order to strive for personal and creative freedom, in 178 1, he made a complete break with the archbishop who hired him and resolutely resigned. Became the first free composer in Austrian history who had the courage and determination to resist the court and church and safeguard personal dignity. In the same year, he went to Vienna and wrote the famous opera The Temptation of the Harem.
First broadcast in July 1782 was a great success. 1782, he married constance Weber, the daughter of Mannheim musician, without his father's consent. Here, Mozart forged a deep friendship with Haydn in Vienna at that time, and learned from Haydn's experience in composing quartets and symphonies. The decade from the career of a freelance composer to his death is the most important creative period in Mozart's life. The works of this period, whether operas or symphonies, all present new features. These works reflect the firm and optimistic class consciousness of the emerging bourgeoisie and show the typical thoughts and feelings of the progressive intellectuals in Vienna. But as the first artist who tried to break free and maintain his dignity, he enjoyed the pleasure of "freedom" and had a more practical experience of its hardships. Mozart began to show his sadness, resentment and even protest in his music. At the same time, he still holds naive and sincere yearning for a bright future. As soon as he opened the beautiful shell, generate burst into fire.
Music history books call Mozart a rare genius. He died young, but left so many works. His creation covers almost all fields of music, but his most important achievement is the promotion of opera. He inherited Gluck's ideal of opera reform and went further. Unlike Gluck, Mozart advocated that "poetry must obey music". His opera has a strong musical appeal, the melody is very beautiful, smooth, natural and affectionate, and the recitation is also full of singing. Different types of music bring all kinds of characters and personalities to life. The form of duet is regarded by Mozart as an important means to arrange dramatic conflicts and climaxes. The overture is concise and personalized, which has more internal relations with the whole play in musical nature. These important explorations have enabled Mozart to make immortal achievements in the pioneering history of German opera art, among which The Wedding of Figaro, Don Juan and The Magic Flute are the most prominent.
Symphony is also an important part of Mozart's creation. His most representative symphonies are his last three, namely E-flat major, G minor and C major. Among them, Symphony No.39 in E flat major is cheerful, bright and full of poetry. Symphony No.40 in G minor is full of drama and Haydn's optimism, but it is completely different from Haydn in technique and is called Mozart's "Hero" symphony. Symphony no 4 1 in c major (commonly called "Jupiter") is magnificent and ambitious, which indicates the emergence of Beethoven's heroic symphony. Mozart's symphonies (especially the last three) are the highest achievements of all the symphonies before Beethoven. His outstanding contribution lies in the contrast of the theme of each movement.
References:
/BBS/showthread.asp？ Threadid = 2943 & Page = End
Interviewee: Huimei _ Lu-Magician Level 4 3- 15 2 1:34
-
In July, a newspaper in London, England 1765 published a preview of the concert: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a prodigy who can make Europe and even mankind proud. The 8-year-old boy amazed musicians and people of insight. His harpsichord performance, sight-reading ability and improvisation and composition with various musical instruments are amazing. The father of this gifted child, at the earnest request of gentlemen and ladies, decided to extend the detention time. To this end, you have the opportunity to enjoy the performances of this young composer and his sister. ......
1October 27th, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria, the son of a court musician. His father, Leopold Polder Mozart, was originally from Germany. He had seven children, but five of them died young. Only the youngest son Wolfgang and his sister Anna survived tenaciously and grew up.
Leo Polder is a respected violinist and composer. Mozart's extraordinary musical talent has long attracted his joy and attention. Once, he came home with a friend and saw his 4-year-old son writing on staff paper. Father asked him what he was doing. The son replied solemnly, "I am composing music." The child's behavior made two adults smile at each other. Facing the crooked notes on the paper, they thought it was just a child's prank. However, when the careful father carefully looked at his son's work, he suddenly cried to the guest with tears in his eyes: "Dear, come and see! How correct and meaningful this is! " Genius began his creative career!
In the long history of European music, it is not uncommon for people to show musical talent from an early age. But it is really hard to find a precocious wizard like Mozart, a musician who can be recognized as a "prodigy" at such a young age. At the age of three, he could play many pieces he had heard on the piano. At the age of five, he can accurately identify the names of monosyllables, disyllables and chords played on any musical instrument, and even easily tell the pitch of cups, bells and other utensils when they collide. Such an excellent concept of absolute pitch is beyond the reach of most professional musicians all their lives.
In order to make Mozart grow up quickly, Leo Polder tried his best to train him carefully. My son's study and training are extremely strict. In addition to complicated music theory and playing skills, there are Latin, French, Italian, English, literature and calendars.
From 1762, under the leadership of their father, 6-year-old Mozart and 10-year-old sister Anna began to roam the whole European continent. They have been to Munich, Frankfurt, Bonn, Vienna, Paris, London, Milan, Bologna, Florence, Naples, Rome, Amsterdam and many other places, and they have caused great sensation everywhere! In Vienna, Austria, they were invited by the emperor to perform in the palace.
Behind the flowers, applause and cheers are hard work, harsh conditions and terrible tests. For money and honor, Leo Polder asked little Mozart to perform in public at any time, no matter how tired the journey was. In order to publicize his son's genius, he forced his children to meet and listen to all kinds of whimsical and difficult proposals. For example, watch music with difficult skills that you have never touched before; Improvise the composition according to the bass that the audience imagined temporarily, and immediately play it according to the specified tonality. Cover the keyboard with handkerchiefs without affecting the piano. Play your own works from beginning to end at the concert, and so on. Moreover, such performances almost always last for four or five hours.
1772, 16-year-old Mozart finally ended his wandering life for 10 and returned to his hometown of Salzburg as the chief musician in the archbishop's court band.
Although Mozart was a prodigy and enjoyed great honor, in the eyes of the Archbishop, he was just an ordinary slave and a terrible slave. Because he has honor. Mozart, like his predecessor Haydn, had to wait for his master's orders in the hall every day, and he might be reprimanded and abused by the archbishop at any time, even severely punished. However, Mozart is not Haydn after all, he has stronger self-esteem and independent and bold spirit. In order to get rid of the insult and control of the archbishop, he went out to perform again in 1777, hoping to find a place to stay and leave Salzburg forever.
To our great surprise, this glittering darling, who once caused a sensation all over Europe, has hit a wall everywhere at the moment! A child prodigy has grown up and is no longer a child prodigy. The former prodigy disappeared, although his talent increased in direct proportion to his age, but the real society was merciless and indifferent to him. He had to return to Salzburg, so the archbishop must be more severe with him. Mozart's bitterness and predicament are not difficult for anyone with common sense of life to imagine.
In June, Mozart finally broke with the archbishop in the last straw. He resolutely resigned and left, becoming the first musician in European history to publicly get rid of the shackles of the court. Under the social conditions at that time, this move was undoubtedly extremely bold and heroic. Because it means hardship, hunger and even death.
Leo Polder urged his son to apologize to the Archbishop and get back together, but Mozart resolutely refused. In his reply to his father, he wrote: I can't stand it any longer. Thought ennobles people. I am not a duke, but I may be much more upright than many hereditary dukes. I am prepared to sacrifice my happiness, health and even my life. My personality, to me and to you, should be the most precious!
Out of the cage, Mozart settled in Vienna, the city of music, and began his career as a freelance artist. At that time, he was only 25 years old, but only 10 years away from the end of his life.
Mozart's ease and quickness in writing made his contemporaries and future generations regard him as a genius who learned from his teachers without learning anything. Throughout his life, except for the strict instruction of his father when he was a child, he really didn't receive formal teacher guidance. Genius is undeniable, but people often ignore that genius is also inseparable from hard work and diligence. 1one day in June, 787, Mozart walked with the conductor of the opera Don Juan, Kucharz, and he said, "It is wrong to think that my art came as easy as blowing off dust. I tell you exactly, my dear friend, no one will spend so much time and thought on composing music as I do; I have not studied the works of a famous artist many times. "
There is a typical artist's nature everywhere in Mozart. He is a man who loves life and is full of poetry and emotion. He believes that the poor are the most loyal. "Only the poor are the best and truest friends in the world, and the rich are just friendship." . He is naive, simple and always in high spirits. He is easily moved, tearful and feminine. He is childlike and full of curiosity like a child. He never seems to grow up.
Mozart loved the people he loved. Whenever he talks about his parents and wife, his face can't help flashing with happiness, and his tone is particularly beautiful. He and his wife were very excited at the holy wedding. Everyone was deeply infected and cried with them. Because he has no fixed income and his wife constance is not good at managing family and finance, his married life is very poor. In order to maintain the basic needs of daily life, Mozart worked hard-teaching, performing and creating endlessly. Still, life is awkward. One winter night, friends visited his house and were surprised to see the couple dancing happily in the room from the window. It was not until they entered the house that they knew that they had to dance to survive the cold winter because they had no money to buy coal.
Mozart's life went from bad to worse in his later years, and his health became worse and worse. He has to often ask his friends for help. When his last excellent opera The Magic Flute premiered for the first time (1791September 30th), he was already suffering from chronic diseases.
One day, a stranger who looked cold and dressed in black came to worship and asked the master to write a requiem for him. After the stranger left, Mozart tearfully told his wife that this work should be written for himself. "He started writing his last work, Requiem, with fanatical despair ... Caozate was in a state of overwork. He can't get rid of the idea that this death mass is for himself. He doesn't think he can finish it alive. He urged himself to write this masterpiece full of death scenes and began a fierce competition with time. An eternal regret is that the winner of this game is death. In the middle of writing the requiem, Mozart could no longer hold the pen in his hand. The ultimate finisher of this masterpiece handed down from ancient times is his favorite pupil, theseus Meyer.
The great success of the magic flute brought an indescribable final relief to Mozart who was on the verge of collapse. 179 1 65438+February 4th, 2008, he was lying in a deserted hospital bed, muttering to himself the performance of The Magic Flute: the first act is over now ... now the aria after night begins ... in the morning 1, he quietly closed his eyes. Here, the luxurious Vuitton Opera House is brightly lit, the comfortable box is packed, and people from all walks of life in Vienna gather together to enjoy the master's new work "The Magic Flute" with relish.
On the day of the funeral, the wind roared and the snow fell heavily. The bad weather forced several relatives and friends who attended the funeral to return halfway, leaving only an old grave digger walking alone in a hearse. This is a graveyard for criminals, vagrants and poor people. There are two coffins of others in the buried grave. Constance is seriously ill in bed and can't attend. When she visited the grave a few days later, she couldn't find the exact cemetery. In this way, the previous generation of wizards disappeared without a trace in the history of human civilization, leaving behind 1682 Frohring's outstanding debt.
Compared with Haydn's longevity and late bloomer, Mozart is just the opposite-short-lived and precocious. However, in his life before the age of 36, he created an amazing number of music treasures for people. Among them: 22 singers; The most famous are The Wedding of Figaro, Don Juan and The Magic Flute. Symphony 4 1, the most famous of which is Symphony 39, Symphony 40, Symphony 4 1; There are 27 piano concertos, among which the 20th, 2nd1,23rd, 24th, 26th and 27th piano concertos are the most famous. There are 6 violin concertos, among which the fourth and fifth violin concertos are the most famous; In addition, he also created a large number of instrumental and vocal works of various genres.
Mozart's music is elegant and beautiful, as delicate as pearls, as warm as sunshine and full of youthful vitality. Because of his approachable musical language and clear and rigorous work structure, "there is no trace of axe and chisel in the most complicated creation of music thought." This misleading simplicity is the art that really hides art. "
Answer: demon downstairs-trainee magician level 2 3- 15 2 1:44
-
I have here a French musician's evaluation of Mozart's music. Do you think it is useful?
Mozart's works are not like his life, but like his soul.
Mozart's works are the opposite of his life. His life is nothing but pain, but almost all his works just make people feel happy. His works are small shadows of his soul. In this way, all other harmonies are summed up in this harmony and melted into a dizzy harmony.
After hearing Mozart's works, future generations may not get any news about his fate; But I can completely understand his heart. Look how calm, noble and hidden he is! He never confided in his art, nor did he leave us any evidence to know his pain. His works only show his long-term patience and angelic gentleness. He kept his art smiling, clear and calm, and never let the test of life be branded or wet with tears. He never used his art as a weapon of anger to fight back against God. He felt that art from God should be used for comfort, not revenge. A genius who resists, resents and hates is admirable, as is a genius who tolerates, forgives and forgets. Forget? Not just forgetting! Mozart's soul seems to know nothing about Mozart's pain; The peak of his eternal purity and inner peace shines on his pain. A tragic hero will cry, "I think how fierce my struggle is!" " "Mozart never said musically that the struggle he felt was fierce. In Mozart's most authentic music, that is to say, music that is not representative of this or that person, but only represents himself, you can't find anger or resistance, not even a tone, not even a trace of struggle, or just a trace of struggle. Compared with Beethoven's C Min symphony. [C Minor], the opening of piano and string quartet, the opening of fantasia C min [C minor] and even the "mourning" section of requiem are nothing. However, on the gentle master's door, just like on the tragic master's door, fate also knocked a few times. But these echoes did not reach his works, because he did not answer or resist the beating of fate in his heart, but gave in to him. Mozart didn't know what violence was, and he didn't know what confusion and doubt were. He didn't look for the answer to the eternal question "why" in music like Beethoven, especially Wagner. He doesn't want to solve the mystery of life. Mozart's simplicity has reached the same level as his tenderness and purity. As far as his thoughts are concerned, it is in the middle of his thoughts. There is no mystery at all, and there is no doubt about it.
What! No doubt, no pain? What is a life that has nothing to do with his mind and is in harmony with his mind? That's not the present life, but another life, a life where there is no more pain and everything is solved. He is not so much a musician of "our present" as a musician of "our future", and Mozart is a musician of the future more than Wagner. Dana put it very well: "His natural hobby is complete beauty." This kind of beauty can only be found in God, and it can only be found in God himself. Only by God's side, in God's body, can we find this kind of beauty and love it with that kind of love that leaves no room. But Mozart has fallen in love with the beauty on the earth. Among many reasons, especially this reason, Mozart is qualified to be called a god.
Mozart p.11-1113 written by French musician Kamil Bellak.
References:
Mozart p.11-1113 written by French musician Kamil Bellak.
Responder: Estella-Magic Apprentice Level 1 3- 15 22:46
-
Introduction to Mozart
Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a representative of Viennese classical music school. 1756 65438+/kloc-0 was born in the family of a court musician in Salzburg on October 27th,179165438+died in Vienna on February 5th. Mozart showed his musical talent at the age of three, studied piano with his father at the age of four, composed music at the age of five, studied violin with his father at the age of six, wrote many sonatas and symphonies at the age of eight, and wrote his first opera at the age of eleven. He only lived to be 36 years old. Heavy creation, performance and poor life damaged his health and made him die prematurely, and his music works became the precious heritage of the world music treasure house.
From 65438 to 0762, six-year-old Mozart, led by his father, made a tentative tour in Munich, Vienna and Pressburg, and achieved success. From June 1763 to March 1773, he toured Germany, France, Britain, the Netherlands, Italy and other countries for ten years and achieved success. These touring performances have had a positive impact on Mozart's artistic development. He had access to the most advanced music arts in Europe at that time-Italian opera, French opera and German instrumental music, which made him the composer with the widest creative style at that time.
Since 1774, his creation has entered a mature stage. In another performance of 1777, Mozart was inspired and encouraged by his extensive contact with all walks of life, especially his equal and harmonious communication with Mannheim citizen artists, which far exceeded the traditional concept. This is not only the improvement of art appreciation ability, but also a profound understanding of the irrationality of feudal system. He realized more and more that a person's value is not determined by birth, but by talent and morality. Mozart, now an adult, was dissatisfied with his slavery. In order to strive for personal and creative freedom, in 178 1, he made a complete break with the archbishop who hired him and resolutely resigned. Became the first free composer in Austrian history who had the courage and determination to resist the court and church and safeguard personal dignity. In the same year, he went to Vienna and wrote the famous opera The Temptation of the Harem.
First broadcast in July 1782 was a great success. 1782, he married constance Weber, the daughter of Mannheim musician, without his father's consent. Here, Mozart forged a deep friendship with Haydn in Vienna at that time, and learned from Haydn's experience in composing quartets and symphonies. The decade from the career of a freelance composer to his death is the most important creative period in Mozart's life. The works of this period, whether operas or symphonies, all present new features. These works reflect the firm and optimistic class consciousness of the emerging bourgeoisie and show the typical thoughts and feelings of the progressive intellectuals in Vienna. But as the first artist who tried to break free and maintain his dignity, he enjoyed the pleasure of "freedom" and had a more practical experience of its hardships. Mozart began to show his sadness, resentment and even protest in his music. At the same time, he still holds naive and sincere yearning for a bright future. As soon as he opened the beautiful shell, generate burst into fire.
Music history books call Mozart a rare genius. He died young, but left so many works. His creation covers almost all fields of music, but his most important achievement is the promotion of opera. He inherited Gluck's ideal of opera reform and went further. Unlike Gluck, Mozart advocated that "poetry must obey music". His opera has a strong musical appeal, the melody is very beautiful, smooth, natural and affectionate, and the recitation is also full of singing. Different types of music make all kinds of characters and personalities lifelike. The form of duet is regarded by Mozart as an important means to arrange dramatic conflicts and climaxes. The overture is concise and personalized, which has more internal relations with the whole play in musical nature. These important explorations have enabled Mozart to make immortal achievements in the pioneering history of German opera art, among which The Wedding of Figaro, Don Juan and The Magic Flute are the most prominent.
Symphony is also an important part of Mozart's creation. His most representative symphonies are his last three, namely E-flat major, G minor and C major. Among them, Symphony No.39 in E flat major is cheerful, bright and full of poetry. Symphony No.40 in G minor is full of drama and Haydn's optimism, but it is completely different from Haydn in technique and is called Mozart's "Hero" symphony. Symphony no 4 1 in c major (commonly called "Jupiter") is magnificent and ambitious, which indicates the emergence of Beethoven's heroic symphony. Mozart's symphonies (especially the last three) are the highest achievements of all the symphonies before Beethoven. His outstanding contribution lies in the contrast of the theme of each movement.