I. Educational policy reform in the early days of the People's Republic of China

People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded in 1949. It is urgent to consolidate political power, rebuild political and economic foundation and reshape cultural ideology. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was clearly stipulated in the common program with constitutional effect: "People's Republic of China (PRC)'s cultural education is new-democratic, that is, national, scientific and popular cultural education. The main tasks of the cultural and educational work of the people's government should be to improve the people's cultural level, train talents for national construction, eliminate feudal, comprador and fascist ideas and develop the idea of serving the people. 1949 12 the first national conference on education in new China relayed the above guiding ideology as an educational purpose as follows: "to serve the people, first of all, to serve the workers, peasants and soldiers, and to serve the current revolutionary struggle and construction. 1950 in may, Qian junrui, vice minister of education, published the article "the policy of current education construction" in the first issue of people's education magazine, proposing: "serving the workers, peasants and production construction is the central policy of implementing new-democratic education at present. "

Second, the education policy reform in 1950s

From 65438 to 0953, China entered a period of large-scale socialist transformation, which basically ended in 1956 and entered a new historical stage of socialist construction. Facing the new historical task, the educational policy of the party and the country has also changed accordingly. 1954 the first formal constitution of new China and the instruction on the reform and development of middle school education issued by the State Council put forward new requirements for the reform and development of education. In terms of expression, the most prominent feature is that "all-round development" is the guiding ideology of education. 1956 People's Education,No. 1 1, specially compiled an article on whether "all-round development, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" can be used as an educational policy. President Mao Zedong also attended the meeting. 1957, President Mao Zedong put forward his opinion on the education policy at that time in the field of education: "Our education policy should

Third, the education policy during the Cultural Revolution.

Although the educational policy during the Cultural Revolution adhered to the educational policy of "two musts" in the late 1950s, it alienated the "two musts" in practice. In practice, "must serve the proletariat" is alienated into "serve the class struggle"; "Must be combined with productive labor" is alienated into simple manual labor in practice, and education is alienated into a tool of class struggle in essence. Due to the interaction between the guiding ideology of education and the political climate of the country at that time, China's education finally went backwards.

Fourth, the educational policy changes in the early days of reform and opening up and the 1980s.

At the end of 1970s, China entered a historical period of reform and opening up. On the premise of "emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts", education policy has also become the object of reflection. Great changes have taken place in the expression of the national education policy in the 1980s: 198 1 The Resolution on Some Historical Issues since the Founding of the People's Republic of China puts forward: "Adhere to the education policy of all-round development of morality, intelligence and physique, being both popular and specialized, combining intellectuals with workers and peasants, and combining physical labor." 1982 People's Republic of China (PRC)'s constitution stipulates: "The state trains teenagers, teenagers and children to develop in an all-round way in morality, intelligence and physique." Compared with the educational policy in 1950s, "two musts" replaced "all-round development" as the educational purpose. 1983, Deng Xiaoping proposed that "education should face modernization, the world and the future", which had a far-reaching impact on the education sector and played an educational policy role in practice. 1985 "decision on the reform of education system" puts forward: "education must serve socialist construction, and socialist construction must rely on education. The grand task of socialist modernization requires us not only to use and strive to improve the existing talents, but also to greatly improve the whole party's understanding of education. Facing modernization, the world and the future, we will prepare new qualified talents at all levels and at all levels on a large scale for China's economic and social development in the 1990 s and even at the beginning of the next century. " These talents should have ideals, morality, education and discipline, love the socialist motherland and socialism, have the dedication to strive for the prosperity of the country and the prosperity of the people, pursue new knowledge, and have the scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts, thinking independently and being brave in creation. From the connotation and form of education policy, this paper summarizes the theoretical discussion of education policy in the 1980s to some extent.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) changes in education policy since 1990s.

19 1 People's Republic of China (PRC)'s ten-year plan and the eighth five-year plan put forward the policy that "education must serve the socialist modernization, must be combined with productive labor, and cultivate builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique" on the basis of absorbing the positive results of democratic discussion on education policy in the 1980s. This educational policy is an important revision of the educational policy expressed in 1985 "Decision on the Reform of Education System", which is more concise and general, and to some extent, it is a return to the expression framework and thinking of Mao Zedong in the early 1950s. 1993 "Outline of Education Reform and Development in China", as the overall conception and planning of China's education development blueprint at the turn of the new century, emphasizes the policy that "schools at all levels must conscientiously implement the principle that education must serve socialist modernization, must be combined with productive labor, and cultivate builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique". People's Republic of China (PRC)'s first education law was officially promulgated in 1995, and the education policy was clearly written into the education law: "Education must serve the socialist modernization and must be combined with productive labor to cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique".