Karate is the product of the combination of traditional Japanese fighting skills and Ryukyu martial arts Tangjia players, which originated from Japanese martial arts and Ryukyu Tangjia players. Tang hand was introduced to Ryukyu from China martial arts and developed with local martial arts Ryukyu hand, while Japanese natives combined wrestling and throwing techniques from Kyushu and Honshu with Tang hand, and finally formed karate. After the second world war, it was widely spread around the world through the propaganda of the US military. Karate includes kicking, hitting, wrestling, holding, throwing, locking, twisting, anti-technology, acupuncture and other techniques, and some schools also practice weapons. The following is what I have arranged for you:

Guan Tao 1

New museum

Songtaoguan

Date of establishment: 1936

Country of origin: Japan

Founder: Funakoshi Gichin1868–1957, Chuanyue No.1 1906- 1945.

Source Wushu: Okinawa Wushu Jiu Jitsu

Source school: ancient jujitsu and bamboo flow in the first hand or Shinto Yang Liuxin jujitsu.

Schools of development: He Daoliu, Songtaohui, Qiantang Liu Liu, Shinto Natural Liu Liu, empty-handed and extremely true.

Song Liu is a kind of karate, which was developed from various martial arts by1868.1./kloc-0–1957.4.26 and his son Chuanyue No.1 1906- 1945. Funakoshi Gichin was born in Okinawa. He popularized modern karate through a series of public martial arts performances, and promoted the development of karate clubs in universities including Keio University, Hayata University, hitotsubashi university, takushoku university, Central University, Gakuen University and Hosei University.

On 1957, after his death, many students from university clubs and social Dojo continued to teach karate. However, different internal opinions led to the birth of different organizations, including the initial division of JKA in Zheng Min, Zhongshan, Songtao Club in Jiangshangmao, and other successive divisions, which led to the fact that there was no unified Songtao Pavilion, although they were all affected by the ferry crossing.

The origin of a word

Songtao Pavilion was the name of the first official Dojo established by Funakoshi Gichin in Mubai in 1936, and was destroyed by joint bombing in 1945. The wave of pine leaves when the wind blows is the pseudonym of Funakoshi Gichin in his philosophical works and letters to students. Japanese "pavilion" refers to a house or hall. In memory of their teacher, students in Funakoshi Gichin created a symbol named Songtao Pavilion and placed it above the hall where Funakoshi Gichin taught. Funakoshi Gichin never named his school, only called it "karate".

trait

The training of Songtaoge is generally divided into three parts: foundation, modeling and team player. The technical feature of basic harmony is a long bridge with powerful movements and steady steps. In order to cultivate the basic skills and steps of beginners and ribbons, Songtaoge is taught in a powerful way, not in a softer way, so it is often regarded as a very hard and formal martial art ... Those upgraded to tea belt and black belt level, combined with wrestling and some Aikido techniques, can be found in black belt modeling. Hand group technique reflects these steps and movements at the basic level, but experienced people will be more flexible.

Major organizations

JKA Japan empty-handed association

ITKF International Traditional Empty-handed Alliance

SKIF International Songtaoguan Karate Lianmeng

ISKF International Songtao Pavilion is an empty-handed alliance.

JKS Japan Empty-handed Songtao Alliance

Japan Songtaoge Empty-handed Association

KWF's empty-handed strategy towards the world alliance

Pine peaches can't bloom

SKA USA Songtao Pavilion returned empty-handed

Famous practitioner

Lyoto Machida, the former lightweight champion of UFC, is the third section of the Black Belt in Songtao Pavilion, his brother Shinzo Machida is the fourth section, and their father Yoshizo Machida is the seventh section. He is the head of JKA Brazil branch.

Georges St. Pierre, the current champion of UFC welterweight, is the third section of the Black Belt of Tudor Museum.

Chuck Liddell, former UFC lightweight champion Iceman, is a black belt in American kenpo karate.

Vitor Belfort, a former UFC light heavyweight champion, recently won the blue ribbon from Songtao Pavilion.

2. Soft flow

Gujingli

Rigid-flexible flow

Date of establishment: about 1930.

Country of origin: Okinawa, Japan

Founder: Miyagi Changshun 1888- 1953.

Current representatives: in alphabetical order

1, Shi Gang Yamaguchi, founder of Rigid-Flexible Society/Yamaguchi Group, just announced.

2. International Okinawa Rigid Karate Alliance/Dong Shengnan

3. Shenwumen/and Kenichi Jincheng, the founder of Jing Yi.

4. International Transit Pavilion/Zhinian Huifu

5. Yi Rong Miyagi, founder of Okinawa Shundao Pavilion /Yoshishige Omine.

6. Boxing Club/Swordsman Red

7. Founder of Mark Hall/Raul にもふのぬ Chiling Hall

8. The combination of rigidity and flexibility in the Soviet Union and East China/Quanchuan Kuanxi.

9. Senwu School/Seiko Fuchi and Quanchuan Kuanxi

10, founder of the school/Ji Xincheng and John Berta.

1 1, Shangdaoguan/Gabi Shixing

12, Shangliguan/Ferry Ji Zheng

13, Idealism Hall/Tomoyuki Muzaki

14, Ming martial arts school: founder of Eight Eyes and Eight Eyes.

15, Ogkk, founder of Okinawa Rigid Karate Association/Miyagi Yoshiya.

Source: Naha player, Shaolin Nanquan, Fujian White Crane

Development: Exactly.

Rigid-flexible flow is one of the main traditional karate in Okinawa, which is characterized by combining rigid-flexible techniques. The words "Gang" and "Rou" come from19-the famous martial arts book Wu Beizhi used by Okinawa masters in the 20th century. Strength refers to close hand technique and straight line attack; Flexibility means the technique and circular movement of opening the hand.

Proper breathing is the key. The practice methods of rigid and flexible flow include strengthening and controlling the body, basically approaching the fighting distance, persistence, exertion and peer training. Rigid-flexible flow combines the movement of circle and straight line in teaching. Rigid-flexible flow combines hard attacks such as kicking and close-hand attack with open-hand circulation techniques such as attack and defense, and controls opponents including locking, grasping, throwing and throwing.

history

Due to the lack of archives, the history of rigid and flexible flow is controversial, but we can briefly summarize its origin. As we know, rigid-flexible flow is similar to other martial arts in the process of modernization in Japan, and it has changed from a fighting training to an ordinary education system. Higashionna Liang Kuan noticed this in 1905 and taught martial arts in two different ways. According to different students, at home, he teaches those Naha players whose ultimate goal is to kill the enemy. In Naha Commercial High School, he taught Tang Shouru moral, intellectual and physical education.

It was confirmed that the rigid-flexible flow was established by the Japanese for two years: First, in 1933, it was officially recognized as a martial art by the Great Japan Wushu Association in Japan, which means it was considered as a contemporary martial art or a modern martial art. The following year, 1998, the Great Japan Wushu Association confirmed that karate combining rigidity with flexibility was a traditional ancient martial art. The confirmation of ancient Wushu shows the change of Japanese society's view on the relationship between Japan, Okinawa and China. Before 1998, only the martial arts practiced by Japanese samurai were considered as ancient martial arts.

Modern Wushu

1933, Gang Rouliu became the first karate school in Japan officially recognized as martial arts by the Japanese Wushu Association, and it was also the only school that represented both Okinawa and Japanese karate history. This recognition makes karate, which combines rigidity with softness, enter modern martial arts or modern martial arts.

The best student in Dongnuma is Miyagi Changshun 1888- 1953. He studied with Dongying at the age of 14. 19 15, Miyagi Changshun and a friend Wu Xiangui went to Fuzhou to visit Dong Xiangna. They stayed for a year and studied with several masters, but there was no boxer movement in the past school. Soon after they came back, Dongnuma died. Many students from Toyo continued to learn from him, and he taught a type of technology he studied in Fujian Crane Six, called Fanzhang.

Xu Tianqi, the oldest student in Dongming, set up "Dongen Stream", which preserved more things closely related to Naha in Dongming.

1930, an all-Japan martial arts performance was held in Tokyo. Another martial artist asked Jin Li Renan, the best student in Miyagi Changshun, what genre of martial arts he practiced. After returning to Okinawa, he reported it to Miyagi Changshun, so he decided to name it Rouliu. Miyagi Changshun took a sentence from the poem "Eight Essentials of Boxing", which probably means "Eight Rules of Boxing", that is, the eight precepts of martial arts. This poem is a part of China's martial arts medical classic "Wu Bei Zhi". The way to inhale and exhale is that everything in the universe is both rigid and flexible.

type

1 basic type

Basic types are the basis of types. In the rigid-flexible flow, the three-war style is the basis of all other rigid-flexible flows, because it teaches basic movements, basic techniques, strength and luck breathing skills. It is also the basis of body control. The more karate practice this mode, the greater the change of his crossing mode. The first variation of the three-war type is considered to be the basic type.

2-hand grip type

The palm crossing type is also the basic type. Learning this pattern after learning the basic pattern is the basis of genre, not only the basic action, but also the basic principle. Traditionally, the open-hand type is regarded as the second set of professors, or the "good type" of students after the three-war combined hand type and/or the flip hand type learning practice.

Three-war type: there are two sets of three wars in rigid-flexible flow. Miyagi Changshun is the first of the three wars: Miyagi Changshun is widely taught as an initial and basic creation. In the model, he didn't turn around, went forward empty-handed, and then retreated. Higashionna's Generous World War III or World War III II: This is an earlier full version of World War III by Higashionna's generous professor. In this set, the empty-handed family went straight ahead, but there were two turns of 180 degrees.

Turn palm type: The turn palm was founded by Miyagi Changshun Yu 192 1 as "Soft Three Wars", and a soft version of closed hand type was created to balance the appearance of closed hand type three wars. This is a combination of stiff dynamic tension and smooth hand movements accompanied by deep breathing.

3 open hand type

This is a high-order type based on closed hand type. The intention of opening the hand is regarded as a type of "practical reference" and is open to various explanations and decomposition.

Broken: This is the first set of high-order rigid-flexible types that students usually learn after breaking the first and second in most rigid-flexible institutions. The first three movements are the symbol of this technique-wrist-grasping throwing technique. In the middle of the T-shape, the heron stands upright, or steps in a crane, doing both hands and knees at the same time.

Control-induced warfare: Control-induced warfare shows the use of skills such as breaking balance, throwing and grabbing, including hitting, sweeping, falling and falling in close combat.

Four-way war: it integrates powerful straight-line attack, palmoplantar process, circular movement and block. This is also Miyagi Changshun's favorite model in his later years.

Thirty-six hands: this style teaches melee how to bypass the enemy, while joint kicking emphasizes destroying the flexibility of the enemy.

Eighteen hands: Eighteen hands combine movements in four directions, 45 angle attack, long-range and close combat. This is also the type that Watanabe Masayoshi is good at.

Long stay and rest: Based on China's mantis boxing, Miyagi Yi Rong is good at it.

Thirteen Hands: Thirteen Hands is considered to be one of the oldest styles circulating in other Naha schools. Other schools also implement this model or other versions. 108 hands: also known as 100-step company, the highest type of rigid and flexible flow. At first, there were three levels of Go, with Chu and Joe as masters. Later, Miyagi Changshun only retained the highest level of Jo. This is also the type that Yagi Mingde and Dongnuma Sheng Nan are good at.

4 popular type

1940, the governor of Okinawa, General Hayakawa, convened a special karate committee, which was composed of chairman Akihiro Ishihara, Masaharu Miyagi, Renqing Kamiya, Renan Shinri, Koji Miyagi, An Wen of An Tian, Jincheng Jincheng, Kyan Shinei and Changlingjiang Town. The purpose of these people is to create a very basic Okinawa-style independent martial arts school, which can be taught in school physical education classes, instead of creating a standardized karate to popularize kendo and judo like Japan.

This type is not a traditional combination of rigidity and flexibility, but a "promotion type", which is simple enough to be a part of the school physical education class and a part of the school standard karate curriculum, which is different from that in the Dojo.

Changling established a real pine forest stream as the first popular one as part of the pine forest stream course; Miyagi Changshun founded Volkswagen Second, which is now the smash first in the rigid and flexible curriculum. Some Dojo's that combine rigidity with softness should be popularized first. Miyagi Changshun also founded the second smash, but only Rigid-Flex and some of its derivatives are practicing.

Crush the first one:

Miyagi Changshun was founded in 1936, which is also the first set of rigid-flexible models taught to beginners. Known as the second most popular type of pine forest practitioners.

Crush the second one:

The second one adds some softer techniques, although it is similar to the first one. Including the use of open palm and circle, which is also the second set for beginners.

5 Other non-traditional rigid-flexible flow patterns

Some schools that combine rigidity with flexibility have their own extra types, which are not available in other rigid and flexible courses. Some types are simple and basic, such as popular first or Tai Chi, while others are advanced, such as Ming martial arts genre. There are some rigid and flexible factions of Ji Zheng School in Dukou, such as Shangliting, and additional types, such as Geikiha 1, 2, Hookiyu 1, 2. Another unconventional type is the Kurogane Shatuo Iron Shirt, which is used to train physical and mental endurance.

3. Daoliu

The founder of Dojo Karate is Ji Bo Otsuka, who was born in the 25th year of Meiji. I have been learning jujitsu since I was 6 years old. In the ninth year of Taisho, he went to Zhengming School in Funakoshi Gichin to study karate and Japanese Shinto Liu Yang Jiu Jitsu. /kloc-in 0/3, Da Zheng participated in the performance of Ryukyu Tangshu in the dance and martial arts meeting held at the Dojo of Jining Pavilion in the Inner Palace. In modern karate, Ji Bo Otsuka performed his own "Tangshu Deformity", and "Grasping the Short Knife" and "Grasping the Real Sword and the White Blade", which was well received. Dissatisfied with teacher Chuanyue's opposition to the training group, Ji Bo Otsuka created "Judo Stream" in May of Showa, which means the fusion of karate and Japanese Jiu Jitsu. This school is deeply influenced by Jiu Jitsu, among which "parting", "flowing", "pledging", "leading", "entering the body" and "turning around" are its technical characteristics. The most distinctive feature of HeDao is fighting, which is a very few karate that can reflect the characteristics of this genre in fighting, and there have been many karate fighting champions in this genre. At the same time, this karate school belongs to Songtaoge, so it is deeply influenced by Songtaoge in routine, but it also has its own characteristics.

The representative groups of Dojo Karate include All-Japan Karate League and Dojo Association, World Dojo Karate League, etc. The greatest strength of Aikido karate is Japanese universities and schools, with the strong karate schools in university sports leagues such as Tokyo University, Tokyo Agriculture, Meiji, Japan, Li Jiao, Japanese Dentistry, Tokyo Industry, Tokyo Foreign Studies, Hokkaido, Kumamoto Industry and Fukuoka as the backbone. Arakawa Tong, the current director of the All-Japan Karate League, is one of the representatives of Hedo.

Step 4 flow eastward

Meiji was born in Shouli City, Ryukyu in 22 years. Mo Wen Renxian, the founder of Jiaodongliu, became a direct disciple of the famous ceremonial athlete An Heng in Anzhou at the age of 13. At the age of 20, he joined Dong Enna, a famous player of Naha, and practiced Naha for two years. Later, he studied karate such as Matsumura School and Shinhara School, and even learned Japanese ancient martial arts instruments other than karate. Renxian and Showa went to Beijing three years later. When he was in Japan, he had a close relationship with Miyagi Changshun and learned from each other.

In the ninth year of Showa, in Osaka, Renxian and Guan Dojo were opened, and a word was taken from the beginning of the names of their two teachers as a stream name, which became a unique stream. The characteristics of "Xie" can be summarized in three words, namely "keeping, breaking and leaving", that is, faithfully observing the pattern and then applying the final independence to practice karate in a unique way. Many students in Songtao Museum benefited from Ren.

Kudongliu karate attaches great importance to the cultivation of karate spirit. Mo Wen Renxian, the founder of Kudongliu Karate, emphasized that Kudongliu Karate is a "gentleman's fist" for practicing karate with the purpose of cultivating perfect personality and lofty life purpose. Mr Mo Wen Ren has a good memory. In order to store the species of Okinawa, there are 47 designated species in his Kudong stream.

Kudonglu's representative groups are kudonglu, All Japan Karate League, World kudonglu Karate League, Lin Pai kudonglu, Zhengqi Society, Pedicure Society, Monk Society, Sacred Heart Society and Wu Mingshe Society. A world-class karate competition will be held every two years from 1989.

5. Really.

The Extreme Reality Pavilion was founded in Tokyo by Dashan Beidayu 1965. Dashan Beida was born in Wolongli, Longchi, the former city of Jindi County, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea during the Japanese occupation period. His original name was Cui Yongyi, 1923. His father is Cui Chengxuan and his mother is Jin Furong. He is the fourth son of six men and 1 woman. At the age of 9, he first came into contact with martial arts on his sister's farm in Manchuria. 1938, 15-year-old Dashan and his brother went to Japan and entered the air force school. Later, I studied karate at Songtao Hall with Chuanyue No.1 and got a second black belt. After studying judo for four years, I became a black belt.

After the end of World War II. Dashan studied karate with Cao Ningzhu, who is a firm and flexible person. Cao Ningzhu is famous for her amazing strength and spiritual will, and has a far-reaching influence on the young mountain Beida. He encouraged Dashan to devote himself to martial arts all his life, and suggested that he leave civilized human society and live in physical and mental seclusion. At this time, Dashan came into contact with Yoshikawa Eiji's book Musashi Miyamoto, from which he learned the Bushido spirit of the blade master and Musashi Miyamoto, and this book became his spiritual mentor.

1947, Oshima Beida participated in a karate competition of an organization. Although he won the championship, he deeply realized that karate competition could not best exercise his actual combat ability. He worked as a bar janitor after the war and was wanted by the military police for often attacking American soldiers. This time, he chose Qingcheng Mountain in Chiba Prefecture as a refuge. For this fanatical practice, he practiced 12 hours every day, kept practicing under the cold waterfall every day, broke stones with his bare hands, punched and kicked tree trunks, and jumped on thorny plants hundreds of times. In the evening, Dashan will practice mind through meditation and meditation. After 18 months of hard training and refusing to provide food with friends and wives, Dashan finally returned to civilized human society. At this time, he felt that he had completely transformed, and it was time to show his strength.

Dashan fought with 52 bulls at 1950 in order to test his own strength and popularize the actual karate he advocated. Three of them died on the spot, and the horns of 49 bulls were cut off by hand with karate knives. During the period of 1952, because the family could not support themselves, Oshima Beida went to many places in the United States to show her martial arts publicly and live. In the meantime, he defeated all 270 opponents, most of whom won by "one blow will kill". Every duel is decided in three minutes. Someone commented on the power of Dashan Beida: "As soon as he comes near you, you are finished. No one can resist his attack. If you resist his fist with your arm, your arm will break, but if you don't resist, it's your bones or ribs. " It is said that he can twist a ten-dollar coin with his thumb and forefinger, and even break the bottleneck of fourteen bottles of whisky with his bare hands. Because of Dashan Beida's amazing strength and technology, people have since called him "the hand of God".

1953, Dashan Beida established his first "Dashan Dojo" in Tokyo. At this point, he is at his peak. He integrated different martial arts factions, learned from each other's strong points and integrated them into the actual combat karate advocated by himself. In addition, he trained his students very strictly, which laid the foundation for extremely real karate. 1957, the first "Dashan" Dojo was established by Bobby Lowe in Hawaii. Bobby Lowe loves martial arts. I was trained in China Wushu by my coach's father since I was a child. At the age of 23, he is already a black belt in judo, kendo and aikido. 1952, such a martial arts master was shocked by Dashan's amazing strength and skills in a karate demonstration in Hawaii, and immediately got to know Dashan, worshipped him as a teacher and followed his skills. Bobby Lowe also became the first "inner disciple" of the Extreme Reality Museum. The tradition of If it's a Lion also comes from this. Extreme Reality Club selects a few elites for 100 days of rigorous training every year.

The World Headquarters of Extreme Reality Society was established in 1963. It officially opened in Tokyo on 1965. It was named "Extreme Reality" and its full name was "International Karate Union, Extreme Reality Pavilion". Since 1969, the All-Japan Karate Competition has been held every year, and the World Karate Competition has been held every four years without interruption, and it is famous for its full contact competition. Also because of the strict training, unremitting efforts and indomitable fighting spirit of extreme karate. Ling has been recognized by the global martial arts community. In just over 30 years, Zhen Ji Club has set up branches in more than 20 countries around the world, with more than12 million students, making it one of the largest martial arts organizations in the world.