When we are discussing problems, we should be clear about what we are discussing. If you don't know this, you may have different views on chickens and ducks, and you won't continue. For example, quality education and exam-oriented education are all hot topics at present. When it comes to education, the previous attribute comes out immediately. Quality or examination? Talking about the subconscious mind in this way puts quality education and examination-oriented education in opposition, and then it becomes the opposition between quality education and examination. The topic turned over and over again, and Ding Gu crossed the well alone. However, is this the case? Is there a contradiction between quality education and exam-oriented education? Is there no exam for quality education?
Then it is necessary to ask, what is quality education? What is exam-oriented education?
Looking up the modern Chinese dictionary explains quality education and exam-oriented education in this way. Quality education is an education whose fundamental purpose is to improve people's quality. In all aspects of education, we should fully implement moral education, intellectual education, physical education and aesthetic education, and focus on cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability. "Exam-oriented education" is an education whose main purpose is to cultivate students' ability to cope with exams. "
It can be seen that these two concepts are different from each other in terms of emotional color. Quality education is positive, and exam-oriented education is negative. There is nothing wrong with this, but it should be noted that they are not diametrically opposite antonyms. Quality education should also take exams, rather than not taking exams. Examination is also one of quality education, which is the proper meaning of quality education, but quality education is not simply to cultivate students' ability to take exams. Yang Jiangnan, a scholar, pointed out in Reflection on Teaching: A Learning Method of Paying Equal Attention to High Score and Quality: The real obstacle to quality education lies not in the existence of examinations, but in teachers, culture and people's understanding of quality education; Quality education can cope with exams well, and it will do better than exam-oriented education, because it can improve exam results from a long-term perspective through the improvement of comprehensive quality.
Knowing this clearly will make it easier for us to judge some arguments, opinions or suggestions. Those views that oppose quality education and exam-oriented education, and those that quality education does not need exams, sound like that, but in fact, it is ridiculous to think about it.
Liu Bo, a junior three student of Shenzhen Experimental School who is only 13 years old, attended the second meeting of the sixth session of Shenzhen CPPCC on June 29th, 65438. He said, "Don't let a piece of paper decide our future." Luoyang paper was once expensive. Does this make sense? Yes Life is everywhere, not just an examination paper. However, it is wrong to attack the examination system as a shell. Is the exam an exam-oriented education? Examination is not quality education? At the just-concluded two sessions, Mo Yan, a writer, made a speech at the CPPCC group discussion on March 4th, pointing out that the time from preschool education to postgraduate education in China is too long and the proportion of basic education is too large. It is suggested that the educational system of primary and secondary schools should be changed from 12 to 10, and the "senior high school entrance examination" and senior high school entrance examination should be cancelled. You can suggest and discuss, as long as you are in a problem-solving attitude. The question is not whether to take the exam, but how to take it, when to take it, how many times to take it, and so on.
In fact, over the years, although "quality education is vigorous and exam-oriented education is solid", there have also been great reforms. For example, regarding the arrangement of schedule and homework in primary and secondary schools, the college entrance examination is divided into spring examination and summer examination, and the recommendation system of walking has always existed.
What will happen if the exam is really cancelled? This needs to be faced directly. What are the views of those who confuse quality education with exam-oriented education, and those who think that not taking exams is an advocate of quality education?
Judging from the history of cultural development, poetry, literature and philosophy appeared earlier, painting was later, and piano was introduced, even later. Why? Painting and piano are aristocratic things, luxury goods, are tall. Talking about quality education now seems to be about learning to draw the guzheng of the piano, but can children from poor families afford it? Don't take exams, poor children. Then what do you compare with others? Where is the way out? Rich children are fighting for their fathers, going to good schools, attending training classes and asking for tutors; What about children from poor families? I can't afford to support my dad, so I can only go to a poor school and be "happy" every day. I don't study or take exams. In fact, this kind of "quality education" violates the spirit of social equity. High-quality resources are concentrated in cities and the rich, and the poor inherit the intergenerational poverty of their parents. This forms a vicious circle, the rich continue to be rich and the poor continue to be poor. In the long run, the country will not be a country. The children of poor families also have elites, but the class is solidified, the mobility is small, and the upward channel is blocked. It's a big problem. Historically, since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the nine products were in the middle, and the door and valve system was strictly hierarchical, and the poor had no way out. The opening of imperial examinations in Sui and Tang Dynasties gave the poor the opportunity to change their destiny by studying hard and participating in scientific research. Ouyang Xiu and Fan Zhongyan are both better than that. Later, the disadvantages of the imperial examination system became more and more obvious, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Some scholars' research shows that only 20% of the Jinshi in the early Ming Dynasty came from elite families, and then with the delay of the times, this proportion has been rising to 60%, and 80% of the Jinshi in Wanli came from elite families. Huang Bi and Hong Xiuquan are both victims and frustrated elites in the imperial examination. What happened afterwards? Everything is clear.
Our current college entrance examination system also has such problems. There are fewer and fewer children from rural and poor families in famous universities such as Peking University and Tsinghua. A study by Li Zhong in 2006 pointed out that 1990, the enrollment rate of higher education for urban and rural school-age population in China was 2.6% and 0.9% respectively. The former is about three times as much as the latter, while in 2003 it was 26.5% and 2.7% respectively, and the gap between them expanded to nearly 10 times. Yang Dongping's research in 2006 pointed out that the proportion of rural students in key universities showed a downward trend. In 2000, the proportion of rural students in Tsinghua University was 17.6%, which was 4. 1 percentage point lower than 190, and that in Peking University was 16.3%, which was 4.6 percentage points lower than 199. Where is the gate of the prestigious school? Is it true that there is no money to come in?
Where does the happiness of learning come from? That kind of happiness is from the heart, and outsiders who are not really studying can't understand it. But it's not that there is no exam, no pressure, no competition, just an external silly pleasure. When you step into the society, whether you admit it or not, everything exists here. The so-called "quality education" theorists often take the west as their teacher and the United States as their teacher, saying that the United States educates children to learn easily and happily. I was shocked by this when a colleague of mine was a child in the third grade of primary school. Education begins with dolls. This kind of education is terrible. It is said that the United States teaches children to study easily and happily, right? Yes, but there are some differences. According to the author's limited understanding, the postgraduate stage of American education can be said to be first-class, and if it is, it refers to this stage. In the basic education stage, private schools are not easy at all, but the time of public education is shortened. After 1: 30, black children play in the street, which is very relaxed and happy. But what about the children of rich families? Like us rich people, we are busy attending various cram schools and training classes. Let's look at our neighbors, such as Korea, Japan and Singapore. Students suffer more from study than China.
To paraphrase a famous saying, examination is not the best system, but it is not the worst system. It is true to say that quality education, but quality education also requires examinations. It is very problematic to listen to the distortion theory peddled by "quality education" theorists. Parents of children, be vigilant.