1, Mind Whiteboard Theory: Locke put forward his famous "Mind Whiteboard Theory" in The Theory of Human Understanding. In Locke's view, there is no so-called natural principle in people's hearts. The human heart is like a whiteboard, and all human rationality and knowledge come from experience. He said: "All our knowledge is based on experience and ultimately comes from experience."

2. On the gentleman's education: 1693, Locke published his famous educational book "Random Talk on Education", in which he put forward his theoretical system on the gentleman's education, and discussed relevant ideological viewpoints from the aspects of educational function, educational purpose, educational content and educational methods.

First, from the perspective of educational purposes, Locke believes that the role of education in human and social development is undoubtedly enormous. According to the whiteboard theory, he believes that the main reason why people are so different is that they receive different education. He believes that "nine out of ten people we see every day are good or bad, or useful or useless, which is determined by their education." The happiness and prosperity of the country also depend on children receiving a good education. "

Starting from the purpose of education, Locke clearly stated in his book Random Talk on Education that the purpose of education is to cultivate "gentlemen" and English gentlemen with four basic qualities: morality, intelligence, courtesy and knowledge. In order to achieve the purpose of gentleman education, Locke insisted on family education and opposed school education.

He believes that receiving family education can not only prevent students from being infected by bad social atmosphere, but also avoid the disadvantages that grammar schools only paid attention to classical knowledge and ignored etiquette ethics at that time. In short, in Locke's view, only by cultivating gentlemen in the family can we prevent children from being infected by "bad habits", get individual guidance suitable for children's personality development, and cultivate real gentlemen.

From the perspective of educational content, Locke clearly divided education into moral education, intellectual education and physical education for the first time in the history of education. Moral education is an important part of Locke 9th grade. In Locke's gentleman education system, physical education is only the premise and foundation of moral education, and moral education is the most important part.

He requires young people to have sound mental development on the basis of having a healthy body, which is manifested in the demand for perfect virtue. Locke believes that among all the qualities of a person or a gentleman, virtue is the first and the most indispensable. Compared with moral education, intellectual education should take the second place.

In Locke's view, the main task of intellectual education is not to impart knowledge, but to promote the mental development of students. Later, the debate between "formal education purpose" (focusing on developing intelligence) and "substantive education purpose" in western education theory was influenced by Locke's view that intellectual development and knowledge mastery are separated.

Character achievement:

Locke's theory of mind is usually called the origin of modern identity and self-concept, especially in the later works of philosophers such as david hume, Rousseau and Emmanuel Kant. Locke was the first person to define himself through the continuity of consciousness.

He speculated that at birth, the brain is a blank board or whiteboard. On the contrary, Descartes is based on pre-existing concepts and ideas. He thinks that we are not born with ideas, and whether knowledge is determined by experience only comes from sensory perception.