Students, what natural disasters have you encountered in your daily life? Can you give some examples? The problem we are going to discuss in this class is: how to prevent disasters such as typhoon, lightning, mudslide and flood.
First of all, let's discuss: what are the hazards of typhoons, lightning strikes, mudslides and floods? Please discuss it. Then the teacher concluded:
Typhoon is one of the most serious natural disasters in the world because of its suddenness and destructive power.
2. Lightning: The high voltage effect of lightning current will generate impulse voltage as high as tens of thousands of volts or even hundreds of thousands of volts, which is enough to break through insulation, cause short circuit of equipment, and lead to direct disasters such as combustion and explosion.
3. Severe storms and floods caused houses to collapse, causing casualties and people to be homeless.
4. Debris flow. Debris flow is a special torrent containing a lot of sediment and stones in the valley under the stimulation of heavy rain and melting of snow and ice.
5. Landslide. The phenomenon that the rocky mountain on the landslide slides down a weak surface (or weak zone) under the action of gravity for various reasons is called landslide. Commonly known as "walking mountains", "crossing mountains" and "sliding soil".
6. collapse. Collapse, also known as caving, collapse or collapse, is a geological phenomenon in which the rock mass on the steep slope suddenly breaks away from the parent body under the action of gravity and rolls and accumulates at the foot of the slope (or gully rock).
Second, specific examples
1, 1994, 94 17 typhoons landed in Rui' an, Zhejiang Province, and the "wind and rain tides" converged, affecting 7.5 million mu of crops in the province and killing 1 126 people;
1996, Typhoon No.9608 landed in Keelung, Taiwan Province Province and Fuqing, Fujian Province, causing more than 54 million mu of crops to be affected, and more than 700 people died in 10 provinces and cities.
1997, Typhoon 97 1 1 landed in Wenling, Zhejiang Province and Jinzhou, Liaoning Province successively. 10 affected more than 6,543.8 billion mu of crops in many provinces and cities, with 240 deaths.
200 1 Guangxi was hit by two typhoons "durian" and "ute" continuously, and there was a large-scale rainstorm or heavy rain. Tens of millions of people in 48 counties and cities in the region were affected, and more than 400,000 people were once trapped by floods.
2.1In July, 1995, more than ten students in Wutang Town, Suixi County, Guangdong Province were struck by lightning while sheltering from the rain under a big tree, causing two deaths and six injuries on the spot.
3.1August 3, 995, in a management area of Lecong Town, Shunde City, Guangdong Province, three children were struck by lightning just after they came out of the water and landed. One child of 1 1 died unfortunately, and the other two children fell to the ground.
4.65438+June1214 pm in 1996, a female intern surnamed Xie was struck by lightning on her way home by motorcycle in Bingcun, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province.
5.1June, 996 14 At 7: 00 p.m., a group of college students from the Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Guangdong University of Technology played football in the school football field in the rain. Five people were knocked down by the thunder, and two of them were taken to hospital for emergency treatment.
6. In June, 2008, Longmen County suffered a once-in-50-year flood disaster, with 40,250 people affected, 2,683 flooded houses and 2 1 collapsed houses. According to preliminary statistics, the total loss is nearly 50 million yuan. About 20 houses collapsed in five towns in the east of Boluo County, affecting more than 5,000 people and causing direct economic losses of about 5.5 million yuan.
Thirdly, analyze the causes of typhoon, lightning and flood.
After learning about the dangers of typhoons, lightning strikes and floods, students continue to understand the causes of these disasters. Students discuss in groups 10 minutes, and one representative of each group expresses his opinions. The teacher summarizes:
1, there are two main conditions for the formation of typhoon: one is that the ocean temperature is relatively high;
The second is rich water vapor. Typhoons only occur in tropical oceans. The sea surface temperature there is very high, so that the lower air can fully accept the water from the sea surface. It is also the place with the richest water vapor on the earth, which is the main driving force for the formation and development of typhoons. Without this motivation, the typhoon will dissipate even if it is formed. Secondly, there is a certain distance from the equator, and the deflection force generated by the earth's rotation plays a certain role, which is conducive to the development of cyclone circulation and the strengthening of airflow convergence. Third, the tropical sea surface is simpler than the mid-latitude sea surface. Therefore, the air over the same sea area can often remain stable for a long time, so that typhoons have enough time to accumulate energy and brew wind. So generally speaking, there are more typhoons in coastal areas.
2. Lightning is a natural phenomenon, which is essentially a spark discharge in thunderstorm clouds in the sky. The light produced during discharge is lightning, and the loud noise produced by lightning when the air is heated and expanded rapidly is thunder. Opening the secret room in a thunderstorm is easy to be struck by lightning, causing injury and even death.
3. The precipitation in southern summer is influenced by manual summer monsoon. Due to the weak influence of the incoming summer monsoon and the strong influence of the continental air mass, the summer monsoon always stops in the south and cannot go deep into the north. Therefore, the situation of flooding in the south and drought in the north appeared.
Fourth, how to take preventive measures.
Thinking:
(1) How do you avoid the typhoon?
(2) When you are walking on the road, the sky is raining heavily, and there are thunder and lightning. How do you avoid lightning strikes?
(3) How to save yourself in case of flood?
(Students express their opinions, and the teacher summarizes)
1, How to prevent typhoons and floods:
(1) Before the typhoon comes, people should be moved to safety in time.
(2) Never stay in dangerous houses, sheds, temporary buildings (such as fences), projects under construction, amusement facilities, cranes, construction elevators, scaffolding, telephone poles, trees, billboards, iron towers and other places.
(3) High-altitude objects will be blown down by strong winds, which is prone to fatal accidents. Balcony, roof flowerpots, roof sundries, scattered items, tools, building materials, etc. are easily blown down by the wind, which will cause casualties. Therefore, these materials should be transferred in time.
(4) Heavy rain may cause accidents in water conservancy projects. In case of danger, our personal safety may be affected, so in case of danger, we should transfer the relevant personnel to a safe place in time.
2, how to prevent lightning:
(1) can't stay in the building.
(2) Pay attention to close the doors and windows.
(3) It is not advisable to use a shower.
(4) should not be close to the building exterior wall and electrical equipment.
(5) It is not advisable to enter low-rise buildings (structures) without lightning protection devices, such as shacks and sentry boxes.
(6) It is not advisable to hide under a big tree.
(7) It is not advisable to hold up objects in the wild.
(8) It is not advisable to work or play on the water surface or at the junction of land and water.
(9) It is not advisable to drive a motorcycle and ride a bike quickly.
(10) Outdoor ball games are not suitable.
(1 1) Stop using mobile phones in thunderstorm weather.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
Students, today we discussed the hazards of typhoons, lightning strikes, floods and other disasters, as well as the causes of these disasters, and especially explained how to prevent students from encountering these unexpected situations. So here we sum up the following experiences: First, when encountering these unexpected situations, we should first keep calm and don't panic. Second, we should report these unexpected situations to teachers and schools in time. Third, school personnel on duty and security personnel should often patrol the school. If you find any unexpected situation, you should immediately report to the supervisor on duty and the unit leader to start the emergency procedure. Fourth, if anyone is found injured, you should immediately organize rescue or call 120 to send him to the hospital. More importantly, natural disasters are not terrible. If students learn more safety knowledge, pay more attention to safety education, start from me and keep safety awareness in mind, then our campus will be more civilized, more harmonious and safer.
The teaching goal of "safety education" in the first lesson of grade five in primary school;
1. Understand campus security risks and solve them in time.
2, master the safety knowledge, safety responsibility is more important than Mount Tai, and establish the idea of "safety first".
3. Prevent disasters, especially natural disasters in spring and summer, and improve the ability to respond to emergencies.
Teaching focus:
Master safety knowledge and establish the idea of "safety first".
Teaching process:
First, import:
Students, the new semester has begun, and we are together again. The teacher is very happy. I believe everyone had a good holiday. Now that school begins, the teacher is going to talk about an eternal topic "safety". In the new semester, safety will always accompany our study and life.
Second, play a video: Thoughts on Accidents Caused by Drunk Driving.
What do you want to say after watching this video? (Students discuss and speak)
Teacher: in a blink of an eye, these living people were buried in the sea of fire, which made people feel sorry. At the same time, we also have to face security issues. Only when the alarm of safety rings frequently can we grow up happily and healthily. So what are the security risks around us? (Summary by health discussant)
Third, campus security risks. (student list)
1. Students' potential safety hazards in physical education class, recess activities and group activities.
2. The security risks existing in the school fence.
3. Traffic safety hazards on students' way to and from school.
4. Hidden dangers of accidental injuries on campus.
Teacher: Then how can we prevent it?
Fourth, students should pay attention to safety matters.
1, pay attention to class safety.
During the break, keep a certain distance between physical education class and group activities. Don't be too crowded, otherwise it's easy to step on your feet, trip over your feet and fall. Civilized play between classes, no strenuous activities;
Go up and down the stairs to the right, "salute to the right";
Don't play ball, kick ball, jump rope or kick shuttlecock in the classroom.
It is forbidden to play or throw dangerous goods, such as brooms, mops, pencils and stones. In collective activities, all actions should obey orders and observe time, discipline, order and civilized language.
2. Safety of campus fence
Don't climb the fence, don't play in places with potential safety hazards, and don't throw rubbish, stones and other dangerous goods outside the fence.
3. Driving safety
Obey traffic rules and traffic order. On the way to school and home, you should walk on the right. When crossing the intersection or road, slow down and pay attention to pedestrians and vehicles. This can only be done after it is safe. Don't ride a bike;
Do not take agricultural vehicles, unlicensed vehicles and overloaded vehicles.
4. Pay attention to food safety
Refuse to eat "three noes" food, do not eat rotten food, do not eat snacks, do not drink raw water, do not eat at unlicensed stalls outside the school, do not spit everywhere, do not throw confetti. Develop good hygiene habits.
5. Pay attention to the safety of the experimental class. Listen to the teacher before attending the experimental class;
Do as required when doing the experiment. When it is necessary to use alcohol lamps and flammable chemicals in the experimental class, it should be carried out under the guidance of the teacher and in accordance with the operating requirements, and always be careful to prevent danger.
6. Every student should also pay attention to psychological safety. When you encounter conflicts between classmates, you should be calm and rational, avoid suspicion, and let your parents come to school to support you, so as not to bring bad consequences to yourself and your classmates. Students should be considerate and understand each other and face it with a peaceful attitude.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) safety outside school
1. Pay attention to "fire prevention, electric shock prevention and infringement prevention".
Do not play with fire, do not burn garbage;
Do not touch electrical appliances at will, do not pull wires without permission, and do not use chargers, heaters and other electrical appliances in the classroom;
Don't talk to strangers, and report to the security department or the teacher when you meet anyone who looks suspicious.
2. Learn to protect yourself and improve your self-defense ability.
Learn simple methods of protection and self-help, and treat emergencies calmly;
Dare to criticize and correct all people and things that violate safety.
3. Self-awareness.
Many accidental injuries of students are caused by not thinking about potential dangers and not having a sense of self-protection. As long as we constantly enhance our self-protection awareness and improve our self-protection ability, we can effectively avoid and prevent accidental injuries. Be careful not to go out with strangers, don't eat what strangers give, and don't let strangers in and out of the house casually. Don't casually reveal your true identity, home address and telephone number to strangers. Try not to walk alone or take the path in school. When you meet bad people, be calm, be brave and do what you can.
4. Emergency call:
"119"-fire alarm "110"-alarm.
"120"-First aid "122"-Traffic accident alarm
Pay attention to the location, relevant information and characteristics when calling.
Abstract of intransitive verbs
Students, life is precious, and we should cherish and fear it. Turn safety awareness into action, and keep dangers away from our lives. Only when we are safe and healthy can we have a happy dream! Let's take action and form a strong sense of security. Always have safety awareness and strive to improve self-prevention ability. The alarm clock will keep ringing, always remember your heart!
Finally, I hope that students will consciously abide by the school safety regulations, come to school happily every day and go home safely. I wish the students academic progress and good health.
Teaching plan of natural disaster safety education
First, ask questions.
Students, what natural disasters have you encountered in your daily life? Can you give some examples? The problem we are going to discuss in this class is: how to prevent disasters such as typhoon, lightning, mudslide and flood.
First of all, let's discuss: what are the hazards of typhoons, lightning strikes, mudslides and floods? Please discuss it. Then the teacher concluded:
Typhoon is one of the most serious natural disasters in the world because of its suddenness and destructive power.
2. Lightning: The high voltage effect of lightning current will generate impulse voltage as high as tens of thousands of volts or even hundreds of thousands of volts, which is enough to break through insulation, cause short circuit of equipment, and lead to direct disasters such as combustion and explosion.
3. Severe storms and floods caused houses to collapse, causing casualties and people to be homeless.
4. Debris flow. Debris flow is a special torrent containing a lot of sediment and stones in the valley under the stimulation of heavy rain and melting of snow and ice.
5. Landslide. The phenomenon that the rocky mountain on the landslide slides down a weak surface (or weak zone) under the action of gravity for various reasons is called landslide. Commonly known as "walking mountains", "crossing mountains" and "sliding soil".
6. collapse. Collapse, also known as caving, collapse or collapse, is a geological phenomenon in which the rock mass on the steep slope suddenly breaks away from the parent body under the action of gravity and rolls and accumulates at the foot of the slope (or gully rock).
Second, specific examples
1, 1994, 94 17 typhoons landed in Rui' an, Zhejiang Province, and the "wind and rain tides" converged, affecting 7.5 million mu of crops in the province and killing 1 126 people;
1996, Typhoon No.9608 landed in Keelung, Taiwan Province Province and Fuqing, Fujian Province, causing more than 54 million mu of crops to be affected, and more than 700 people died in 10 provinces and cities.
1997, Typhoon 97 1 1 landed in Wenling, Zhejiang Province and Jinzhou, Liaoning Province successively. 10 affected more than 6,543.8 billion mu of crops in many provinces and cities, with 240 deaths.
200 1 Guangxi was hit by two typhoons "durian" and "ute" continuously, and there was a large-scale rainstorm or heavy rain. Tens of millions of people in 48 counties and cities in the region were affected, and more than 400,000 people were once trapped by floods.
2.1In July, 1995, more than ten students in Wutang Town, Suixi County, Guangdong Province were struck by lightning while sheltering from the rain under a big tree, causing two deaths and six injuries on the spot.
3.1August 3, 995, in a management area of Lecong Town, Shunde City, Guangdong Province, three children were struck by lightning just after they came out of the water and landed. One child of 1 1 died unfortunately, and the other two children fell to the ground.
4.65438+June1214 pm in 1996, a female intern surnamed Xie was struck by lightning on her way home by motorcycle in Bingcun, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province.
5.1June, 996 14 At 7: 00 p.m., a group of college students from the Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Guangdong University of Technology played football in the school football field in the rain. Five people were knocked down by the thunder, and two of them were taken to hospital for emergency treatment.
6. In June, 2008, Longmen County suffered a once-in-50-year flood disaster, with 40,250 people affected, 2,683 flooded houses and 2 1 collapsed houses. According to preliminary statistics, the total loss is nearly 50 million yuan. About 20 houses collapsed in five towns in the east of Boluo County, affecting more than 5,000 people and causing direct economic losses of about 5.5 million yuan.
Thirdly, analyze the causes of typhoon, lightning and flood.
After learning about the dangers of typhoons, lightning strikes and floods, students continue to understand the causes of these disasters. Students discuss in groups 10 minutes, and one representative of each group expresses his opinions. The teacher summarizes:
1, there are two main conditions for the formation of typhoon: one is that the ocean temperature is relatively high;
The second is rich water vapor. Typhoons only occur in tropical oceans. The sea surface temperature there is very high, so that the lower air can fully accept the water from the sea surface. It is also the place with the richest water vapor on the earth, which is the main driving force for the formation and development of typhoons. Without this motivation, the typhoon will dissipate even if it is formed. Secondly, there is a certain distance from the equator, and the deflection force generated by the earth's rotation plays a certain role, which is conducive to the development of cyclone circulation and the strengthening of airflow convergence. Third, the tropical sea surface is simpler than the mid-latitude sea surface. Therefore, the air over the same sea area can often remain stable for a long time, so that typhoons have enough time to accumulate energy and brew wind. So generally speaking, there are more typhoons in coastal areas.
2. Lightning is a natural phenomenon, which is essentially a spark discharge in thunderstorm clouds in the sky. The light produced during discharge is lightning, and the loud noise produced by lightning when the air is heated and expanded rapidly is thunder. Opening the secret room in a thunderstorm is easy to be struck by lightning, causing injury and even death.
3. The precipitation in southern summer is influenced by manual summer monsoon. Due to the weak influence of the incoming summer monsoon and the strong influence of the continental air mass, the summer monsoon always stops in the south and cannot go deep into the north. Therefore, the situation of flooding in the south and drought in the north appeared.
Fourth, how to take preventive measures.
Thinking: (1) The typhoon is coming. How do you avoid it? (2) When you are walking on the road, the sky is raining heavily, and there are thunder and lightning. How do you avoid lightning strikes? (3) How to save yourself in case of flood?
(Students express their opinions, and the teacher summarizes)
1, How to prevent typhoons and floods:
(1) Before the typhoon comes, people should be moved to safety in time.
(2) Never stay in dangerous houses, sheds, temporary buildings (such as fences), projects under construction, amusement facilities, cranes, construction elevators, scaffolding, telephone poles, trees, billboards, iron towers and other places.
(3) High-altitude objects will be blown down by strong winds, which is prone to fatal accidents. Balcony, roof flowerpots, roof sundries, scattered items, tools, building materials, etc. are easily blown down by the wind, causing casualties. These materials should be transferred in time.
(4) Heavy rain may cause accidents in water conservancy projects. In case of danger, our personal safety may be affected, so in case of danger, we should transfer the relevant personnel to a safe place in time.
2, how to prevent lightning:
(1) can't stay in the building.
(2) Pay attention to close the doors and windows.
(3) It is not advisable to use a shower.
(4) should not be close to the building exterior wall and electrical equipment.
(5) It is not advisable to enter low-rise buildings (structures) without lightning protection devices, such as shacks and sentry boxes.
(6) It is not advisable to hide under a big tree.
(7) It is not advisable to hold up objects in the wild.
(8) It is not advisable to work or play on the water surface or at the junction of land and water.
(9) It is not advisable to drive a motorcycle and ride a bike quickly.
(10) Outdoor ball games are not suitable.
(1 1) Stop using mobile phones in thunderstorm weather.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
Students, today we discussed the hazards of typhoons, lightning strikes, floods and other disasters, as well as the causes of these disasters, and especially explained how to prevent students from encountering these unexpected situations. So here we sum up the following experiences: First, when encountering these unexpected situations, we should first keep calm and don't panic. Second, we should report these unexpected situations to teachers and schools in time. Third, school personnel on duty and security personnel should often patrol the school. If you find any unexpected situation, you should immediately report to the supervisor on duty and the unit leader to start the emergency procedure. Fourth, if anyone is found injured, you should immediately organize rescue or call 120 to send him to the hospital. More importantly, natural disasters are not terrible. If students learn more safety knowledge, pay more attention to safety education, start from me and keep safety awareness in mind, then our campus will be more civilized, more harmonious and safer.
Teaching objectives of teaching plan of natural disaster prevention and safety course in primary schools
1. Through learning, students can understand the value of life, master the safety knowledge of preventing natural disasters and enhance their safety awareness.
2, to "enhance the awareness of natural disaster prevention, improve self-protection ability" as the guiding principle, strengthen safety education and management, to ensure the safety of students.
3. By learning relevant safety knowledge, let students establish the concept of self-care and self-help, form the consciousness of self-care and self-help, and let students grow up safely and healthily.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Learn to save yourself and protect yourself according to the laws and characteristics of natural disasters. Can learn to take active and effective measures to minimize injuries.
Teaching preparation collects relevant materials, videos and pictures.
One class hour is used for teaching.
teaching process
First, introduce a conversation
1. What is a natural disaster?
Natural disasters-mainly include floods and droughts, meteorological disasters, earthquake disasters, geological disasters, marine disasters, biological disasters and forest and grassland fires.
2. What are the natural disasters in life? Students discuss and communicate.
Such as earthquake, typhoon, thunderstorm, flood, landslide and debris flow.
Second, what should be done when these natural disasters happen?
1. What should I do if there is an earthquake?
At 2: 28 pm on May 12, 2008, an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 occurred in Wenchuan, Sichuan. At that time, students were having classes at school. The sudden earthquake buried many students and teachers in the ruins. A fresh life disappears instantly, and the flowers ready to bloom are destroyed instantly. Earthquakes are unpredictable, but as long as we know more about earthquakes and learn more ways to save ourselves, we can reduce the damage caused by earthquakes. Please watch the video and discuss what to do in case of an earthquake.
(1) Watch the video and discuss the communication.
(2) Summary:
(1) Don't panic, don't escape to the balcony or window, and don't rush to the stairs.
(2) quickly hide under furniture such as tables, cabinets, beds or small rooms.
(3) Listen to the teacher's instructions at school and evacuate safely. Simulation demonstration.
(4) The earthquake is coming-send you the formula of earthquake prevention and self-help.
A. the high-rise building has been demolished and you can't take the elevator.
B. bungalows pay great attention to shock absorption. Whether to run or stay, we can adjust measures to local conditions and miss the opportunity.
C. secondary disasters are harmful and need to be prevented as much as possible. Power supply gas is a hidden danger, so you should close the brakes in time during an earthquake.
D. It is difficult to stand on the uneven ground during a strong earthquake, and it is most obvious to avoid it nearby. There is a small room under the bed and table. It is safe to lie down.
E. fires are prone to occur during earthquakes. Lie on the ground to keep calm, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, and bend over to crawl against the trend.
2. What should I do if the typhoon comes?
(1) In our place, typhoons are often encountered in summer. Please watch the short film and talk about the typhoon in our daily life. What should we do?
(2) Students discuss in groups.
(3) Summary:
When the typhoon comes, close the doors and windows, don't stand by and watch the windward windows, and try to stay indoors.
(2) Don't travel where the typhoon passes, don't swim on the beach during the typhoon, and don't go sailing.
(3) If you are outdoors, find a safe place to escape;
If you are on the road, you should pay special attention to avoid being hurt by falling objects, such as fallen trees, flowerpots, billboards, etc. , and away from the glass curtain wall.
④ If you can't help yourself in an emergency, please call "1 10" for help.
3. How to deal with the fire?
Danger and fire always exist in our living environment, and they are indispensable things in our life, bringing people a lot of convenience. However, it also poses a threat to people. What should we do if there is a fire?
(1) Keep calm, quickly judge the dangerous place and safe place, and evacuate as soon as possible.
(2) Don't rush out or cling to property when you escape. If you must pass through the fire area, try to wrap your body with soaked clothes, cover your nose and mouth and stay close to the ground.
(3) Smoke is often the biggest threat after a fire. Try to cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to breathe, lower your posture, and close all the doors behind you all the time, which can slow down the spread of fire and smoke.
(4) If your body is on fire, don't run. You can roll on the spot, crush the flames on your body, or jump into the nearest pool, water tank, river, etc.
(5) Upstairs, looking for an escape route is generally downward rather than upward. After entering the stairwell, make sure there is no fire downstairs, and then escape downward.
(6) When the stairs or doorways are blocked by fire and the floors are not high, ropes can be made of cloth, sheets, carpets and curtains. They can slide down from windows, balconies, sewers and so on. To escape.
(7) If the floor is high and other exits are blocked, you should retreat indoors and close the doors and windows leading to the fire area. Conditional use of wet cloth, towels, etc. Block the doors and windows in the direction of the fire area, and constantly wet them with water, and at the same time call for help near the door and window where there is no fire. You can use flashlights and white cloth to send out distress signals at night. Never take the elevator or jump off a building.
Third, summarize.
There is only one life, and happiness is in your hands. I hope that students will learn to cherish life and learn to save themselves and each other in an emergency through this natural disaster safety education class.
The campus will be more civilized, more harmonious and safer.