In addition, I have read these histories several times myself and think they are well written.
/kloc-After the middle of the 9th century, with the great powers gradually advancing from the sea to the Qing Empire, Taiwan Province Province began to open some ports to foreign trade from 1860. During the Opium War, since September 184 1, the British fleet appeared on the coast of Taiwan Province Province several times, trying to occupy Keelung Port in the north and Wuqi Port in the middle of the west coast, but all failed. This was the first armed invasion of Taiwan Province by imperialist powers during the Qing Dynasty.
1874, the Japanese invaded the peninsula because of the killing of the Ryukyu people by the aborigines in the south of Taiwan Province Province, that is, the "Peony Society Incident". This became a warning to the negative management of Taiwan Province Province in Qing Dynasty. 1On May 27th, 874, after the Japanese army sent troops to Taiwan Province Province, the Qing court quickly sent Shen Baozhen, an imperial envoy, to Taiwan to deal with the coastal defense affairs of Taiwan Province Province and other countries, strengthen the defense forces of Taiwan Province Province, innovate the administration of Taiwan Province Province, and make Taiwan Province Province develop with the policy of reinforcement. His successor, Fujian Governor Ding Richang, came to Taiwan Province on 1876 to continue this innovation. During his term of office, he set up the Reclamation Bureau to encourage Fujian and Guangdong residents to come to Taiwan to reclaim land, and started mining, mining Geelong coal mine with machines, and setting up the first self-built telegraph line in China at that time.
1884, the Qing empire and France broke out the Qing-French war because of Vietnam, and the French army sent troops to the Penghu Islands and the northern part of Taiwan Province Province, so that Liu Mingchuan was reopened by the Qing court and sent to Taiwan Province Province. Liu Mingchuan defeated the French plan on the stage many times in Taiwan Province Province, and finally made the French army give up the stage in the victory at the end of Shanghai. 1885, the Qing empire separated Taiwan Province province from Fujian and upgraded it to Taiwan Province province, with Liu Mingchuan as the first governor of Taiwan Province province. By 189 1, Liu Mingchuan has set up defensive measures and organized armaments in Taiwan Province province, and has also developed and established many infrastructures in Taiwan Province province. During Taiwan Province's reign, he opened the first railway from Keelung to Hsinchu in Taiwan Province Province, and also established a series of management institutions such as telegraph bureau, coal bureau and railway bureau. However, Liu Mingchuan's New Deal did not consider the incorruptibility of officials and Taiwan Province's own financial burden, which led to a substantial increase in Taiwan Province's financial burden, frequent corruption of Qing officials and popular resistance. 1889, in Changhua, the "King of Justice" put on nine satin incidents because of the problem of clearing land tax.
In the 20th year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty (1894), Tang became the governor of Taiwan Province province in 65438+ February. Due to the defeat of the Qing court in the Sino-Japanese War (Guangxu 20 years, Meiji 27 years,1July 25, 894 ~1April 895 1895), the Qing court signed the treaty of shimonoseki, ceding the sovereignty of Taiwan Province Province and Penghu to the Japanese Empire, which was actively expanding its power. The people of Taiwan Province Province established the Taiwan Province Democratic Anti-Japanese Association, with the "Zhang Xianzhong Flag" of Zhang Xianzhong in Landi as the national flag, Tang as the interim president and Liu Yongfu as the general. In order to take over Taiwan Province Province, the Japanese army landed at the bottom of Australia (near Sandiaojiao, Gongliao District, New Taipei City) on May 29th 1895, and then encountered the regular army (five battalions were stationed in Guangdong and twenty battalions were brave) and the "Taiwan Democratic State" rebels (1May 29th, 895 ~165433).
From June 1895 to June 17, the Governor of Taiwan held the "First Government Ceremony" in Taipei, and from April 28 1952, when the San Francisco Peace Treaty came into effect, Taiwan Province Province belonged to the Great Japanese Empire.
At the beginning of the Japanese Empire's takeover of Taiwan Province Province, local gentry in Taiwan Province Province, such as Qiu, set up the title of "Taiwan Province Democracy" in Taipei to resist the Japanese cession, and elected Tang, the last governor of Taiwan Province Province, as president to resist the Japanese takeover. As a result, the Japanese army fled to Xiamen as soon as they landed in Tang Dynasty, and Liu Yongfu succeeded Taiwan Province's democratic president in Tainan on June 26th. Taiwan Province's defense is under the command of military minister Li Bingrui. In the following three months, there were many bloody battles between the Democratic National Army and the Japanese army, and 14000 Japanese troops were killed. Known as the "Taiwan Province War" in history, it is also the largest war in the history of Taiwan Province Province.
The Second Wei War originated from the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 (1July 25th, 894-1April 7th, 895), and was signed in Shimonoseki, Japan, on the condition that Taiwan Province Province and Penghu were ceded. The Japanese immediately sent troops to Taiwan Province Province to take over, but they met with armed resistance from the people of Taiwan Province Province. The war of World War II was concentrated in Taiwan Province Island, and the Japanese side invested more than 30,000 troops, including guards and other regular troops, while the resistance force in Taiwan Province Province was mainly composed of anti-Japanese troops spontaneously formed by Taiwan Province people. There are about 33,000 regular troops and100,000 militiamen in all. The war in Taiwan Province Province is a war with the widest fighting area, the longest fighting time, the largest number of participants, serious casualties and the largest scale. At that time, almost all the people participated, especially the Hakka ethnic group. However, the Japanese army is well prepared, and the gap between weapons and equipment is too big. After all, the rebels in Taiwan Province Province were defeated. From May 29th, the Japanese army landed, moved to Taibei on June 14, and invaded Tainan on June 2nd1day. Until June 23rd, the Japanese army took control of Taiwan Province Province, and the fighting lasted for about five months. Many Taiwanese businessmen, such as Gu of Taipei City, chose to cooperate with the Japanese army in order to preserve their property, and even helped the Japanese army open the way as spies to clear the resistance forces in Taiwan Province Province. On the other hand, many local gentry, such as Miao Li martyr Wu Tangxing, chose to fight to the death with the Japanese army. Although Wu and his comrades-in-arms died, they left a strong character that will always be admired by future generations.
After the initial rebellion, the Japanese set the Taiwanese Governor as the highest official in colonizing Taiwan Province Province, and the Governor's Office of Taiwan Province Province as the highest ruling organ in Taiwan Province. In the early days, the position of governor was held by soldiers to suppress the turbulent organizations in various places at that time; 1898, the meiji government appointed lieutenant general Kodama Gentaro as the fourth governor and shinhei goto as assistant to the civil administrator. Since then, it has adopted a policy of combining hard and soft. Japanese police system and Baojia system are used to manage Taiwan Province Province. Later, during the Japanese Taisho period, the political situation in Taiwan Province Province gradually stabilized.
1908, the whole railway line was connected, which shortened the traffic from north to south in Taiwan Province province from dawn to dusk to 1 day. 19 19, Japanese appointed DenKenjirō as the first civilian governor of Taiwan Province province, and began to build a large number of infrastructure projects, such as tap water, electricity, highways, railways, medical care and education. In order to promote the policy of "Agricultural Taiwan Province Province, Industrial Japan", farmers in Taiwan Province Province are encouraged to grow sugar and rice; Natural resources in Taiwan Province Province, such as gold, copper, coal mines, forests, salt, etc. , is a large number of mining to meet the needs of local industries in Japan. At the same time, Japan redefined the administrative region of Taiwan Province Province, carried out "urban rectification" work on important cities, drew up urban plans, changed the rural scenery of Minnan style prevalent in Taiwan Province Province in the late Qing Dynasty, gradually westernized the street style or made Minnan and Western styles coexist, and planned roads and bridges, parks and green spaces, tap water and sewers, electrical engineering, health institutions, government agencies and so on.
On the other hand, due to the consideration of colonial policy, Japanese people in Taiwan Province Province were educated in patriotism. Although there is no explicit restriction on Taiwan Province people in the education system, Taiwan Province people are still treated differently or discriminated against. The Japanese run private schools for children in mountainous areas, and primary schools and public schools in flat areas. There is no rule that people in Taiwan Province Province can't go to primary schools, but because of the high tuition fees in primary schools, most of the students are Japanese and children from wealthy families in Taiwan Province Province. However, during the Japanese occupation period, Taiwan Province people not only received higher education in medicine, agriculture and animal husbandry, but also made outstanding achievements in literature and law. For example, Lin, director of the College of Literature of National Taiwan University, Wu Hongqi, a judge of the High Court, the procurator of the Hsinchu District Inspection Office (the first procurator of Taiwan Province Province during the Japanese occupation), and Tang, a famous lawyer in Tainan, are also committed to popularizing education in Taiwan Province.
The resistance of the Han people to the Japanese government was mostly violent armed conflicts in the early days (such as Miaoli incident led by Hakka and Xilai 'an incident led by Yu), and it was transformed into a social and political movement in the later period because of the tragic casualties. The aborigines' anti-Japanese actions included the Five Societies event headed by Monaru Road.
Since 1920s, with the Japanese entering the era of "great democracy" and the influence of American President Woodrow Wilson's "national self-determination" after World War I, intellectuals in Taiwan Province Province have also launched a series of movements demanding autonomy and system reform, and combined with occasional labor movements, they have widely publicized them to the public, such as the Taiwan Cultural Association and the People's Party of Taiwan Province Province. However, in the later period, due to the split between the left and right factions and the intensified suppression by the Japanese colonial government, it gradually declined. Taiwan Province Expo reached its peak in the golden age of Japanese occupation. The expansion of railway routes, the increase of rice and sugar production, the popularization of posts and telecommunications and other economic achievements also led to the increase of social population in Taiwan Province Province, the popularization and thorough implementation of public schools, the establishment of modern health environment and the formation of the concept of punctuality and law-abiding, and then the first election in Taiwan Province Province was held. On April 1930 and 10, Jian 'an Town and Wushantou Reservoir, which were planned and supervised by Hatta Yoichi, were successfully put into use, becoming the third largest water conservancy facilities in the world and the first in Asia, making up for the abundant Jian 'an Plain150,000 hectares of land.
From Wikipedia
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