Interest is a basic state of interest, which can drive people to act. Seeing things is called "interest", and feeling things is called "interest". People who have achieved success through the ages often come from persistent pursuit and hobbies in childhood.
Second, the role of interest in personal growth.
Psychologists believe that if a person has a strong interest in something, he will consciously and voluntarily explore and learn, and can produce amazing perseverance and diligence, so as to engage in this activity with dedicated energy and selfless spirit. It can be seen that the generation of interest plays a decisive role in personal growth! Yang Zhenning, a famous physicist, once said: He disapproves of people saying that he studies hard because he never feels "bitter" in his studies. Instead, he experienced endless "happiness". If learning can bring happiness to children, then children will definitely like learning, and the younger the children, the more direct their interest in learning. For example, if a child is interested in painting, he will continue to "create" and enjoy it. Einstein also said: "Interest is the best teacher". The reason why he is worshipped is, in his own words, "just doing a little scientific exploration with interest." So it can be seen that interest is very important for a person's learning and growth. Cultivating children's interest in learning is to achieve the realm of "learning is a kind of happiness", just like fishing. If you give a child a fish, he will have nothing after eating it. If you give him a net to teach him how to fish, the fishing process is boring and painful. This is what we call cultivating children's interest in fishing and making them willing to go fishing without worrying about running out of fish! We regard interest as the key to fishing, which fully shows that parents and teachers should learn to start from children's interests, teach children to learn to learn, learn to learn to learn, learn to live, make interest a magic weapon for children to actively learn and dare to explore, and make interest an eternal motivation for children to learn. Pan Wei, a famous psychologist in China, believes that "interest is the most realistic and active component of learning motivation". If a child is interested in learning, it can stimulate his enthusiasm for learning and push him to get good grades in his studies.
Third, then how to cultivate children's interest, cultivate children's interest must be aimed at the characteristics of children's interest, otherwise it can not be fundamentally solved, then, what are the characteristics of children's interest?
(A) the characteristics of children's interests
Children's interest is the expression of their emotions, and it is also the driving force for learning and practicing. Children's attention to activities depends on their interest in learning and practice. Therefore, protecting children's interests is for better and more rational development. Using it, any form of disrespect, restriction or negative attitude is not conducive to protecting children's interests and is extremely irresponsible. Children's interests come directly from their environment, things or activities.
1, children's interest shows some instability. Interest will change with practice. What was very interesting not long ago has now been "sidelined" and given way to other more interesting things.
2. Children's interests have certain plasticity. Only with correct guidance can children's interests be shaped and changed to a certain extent.
3. Children's interests have a certain breadth. Children's interests are like children's stomachs. They are born ready to accept any "thing" just because they have been influenced by the external environment for a long time and show different degrees of interest in different things.
Interest is the best teacher to guide children's learning, so why are some children interested in learning and some children not interested in learning? Here I sum up some reasons for losing interest in learning.
(B) the reasons why children lack interest in learning
In the psychological clinic, parents often say that children are not interested in learning and don't play enough, but it is not enough to ask him to do more questions. How can children treat learning like watching TV or playing games? First of all, parents should stimulate and guide their children's thirst for knowledge from an early age. Children especially like to ask "why?" When they are 3-5 years old. "What is this?" They ask all kinds of questions, for example, why do electric lights shine? Why does a calculator calculate? Why do chickens have two legs and puppies have four? Wait, children will ask anything. Parents are often tongue-tied by their questions, impatiently say that they have a headache and don't want to be pestered endlessly by their children, so they hand over their children to TV and video. In fact, these problems are just the seeds of children's knowledge. Parents should patiently explain to their children in easy-to-understand language and guide them to see "100,000 whys?" Take children to nature more, and let them have a perceptual understanding of some material phenomena. If there is nothing wrong with the child, parents should take the initiative to tell the child the reason. Don't think that children are too young to understand, but they have learned a lot of knowledge just when they seem to understand. Psychologists have advised parents to read some children's songs and stories to babies under one year old, which has a great effect on increasing the information of brain cells. Therefore, parents should not think that their children are not sensible. In fact, their brains are very active, and we can't ignore their education since childhood.
Secondly, parents' attitude towards their children plays a great role in their enthusiasm for learning. Once, a parent asked his 2-and-a-half-year-old child to learn to draw, the original intention was to cultivate the child's interest, but when the parents saw the child draw a bird into a big black pimple, they could not help but say that the child was "so stupid! What is it? " Another parent satirized the child when he saw the inappropriate metaphor in his composition. In my opinion, this attitude has seriously damaged children's thirst for knowledge and dampened their interest in learning. As parents, don't be stingy with your own praise, which is of great help to children's study. In addition, children will lose interest in learning because of learning difficulties. After some children encounter problems, parents talk to them several times, but they still don't understand. Parents often lose patience and confidence, saying that their children are careless and hopeless. In severe cases, they even get angry with their children and even beat and scold them, forming a vicious circle, and children are less and less interested in learning. This has caused a serious blow to children's interest in learning, and even worse, it will leave an indelible psychological trauma.
(C) How to effectively cultivate children's interest in learning specific methods
1, starting from the children themselves, to promote children's lasting interest in things they are interested in.
To cultivate children's interest, we must first cultivate children's curiosity. Curiosity is the root of interest, and every interest arises because children are curious about something, prompting them to practice and explore. If Edison hadn't been curious about the apple falling to the ground, he wouldn't have gravity. Children will make many amazing discoveries in their lives, such as finding that the tentacles of snails can stretch freely, and some trees will grow "tumors" on their trunks. Whether these discoveries are valuable or not, they are full of curiosity and pleasure for young children, just like Columbus's discovery of the new world. At this time, teachers should seize the opportunity to protect children's curiosity and enthusiastically encourage, inspire and guide them. In this way, the child's curiosity is cultivated, and interest is naturally born. If a child learns a song and answers a wonderful question, at this time, a smile, a touch and every casual action of the teacher will make the child feel happy, thus transferring to learning activities and enhancing his interest in learning activities.
All these fully show that parents and teachers should learn to start from their children's interests, teach them to learn to learn to learn and learn to live, and make interest a magic weapon for children to learn to be particularly active and dare to explore, and make interest an eternal driving force for children to learn.
2. Use your own children in emotional contagion to stimulate their interest in learning.
This is mainly for kindergartens, because children are emotionally unstable and vulnerable to infection. Teachers' emotions in the process of education directly affect children's interest in learning. Therefore, in teaching, I pay attention to infecting and influencing children with cheerful emotions, lively language and love for what I teach, and stimulate their interest in learning. For example, when teaching children to learn the activity of "family vegetables", the teacher should read aloud in an emotional tone and introduce the children into the artistic conception of poetry. Create a relaxed atmosphere and let children describe the various shape characteristics of vegetables. Make children form a correct understanding of vegetables, deepen their understanding of vegetables, and stimulate their interest in vegetables. So as to achieve a good and effective educational effect.
3, cultivate children's interest in learning, not divorced from children's reality.
Because children are young, have little knowledge and experience, and have narrow knowledge, the first thing to consider in cultivating children's interest in learning is their age characteristics. Children have poor understanding of things because of their immature physical and mental development. Therefore, when choosing learning content, we must choose something that children can understand and accept within the scope of knowledge. Just like kindergarten education activities.
The content should follow the principle of "close to children's life and choose things and problems that children are interested in". For example, you tell children stories, such as the story of a kitten, the story of a little dog and the story of a big bad wolf. They are very interested and love to listen. They can learn knowledge from stories, understand some simple truths, and even ask some simple questions for teachers to answer. If you tell them some adult stories. They will not be interested because they don't understand. Because children of different ages have different ways of thinking, they should adopt different educational methods. 2 3-year-old children have simple thinking and like to listen to repeated stories. Some stories are told over and over again, and children are willing to listen to them over and over again, and even ask you to repeat the previous stories. The thinking of children aged 5-6 is much more complicated than that of children aged 2-3. Their thinking mode has developed from image thinking to logical thinking and abstract thinking. They don't like to listen to repeated stories, but prefer to listen to stories with complicated plots that they have never heard before. If you keep telling simple stories, they will be impatient and uninterested. Therefore, in the selection of materials, teachers should consider more comprehensively, from the perspective of children's interests.
3. Creation of kindergarten environment
Under the stimulation of the environment, children will be interested in things, and teachers should tend to combine all things related to education when creating the environment. Set up problem scenarios to form children's cognitive conflicts and stimulate children's interest in inquiry. As the creator of the environment, the teacher's main task is to obtain the information of "teaching" from children's activities through observation and listening, and guide children's interest from curiosity to research in combination with the adjustment or change of the environment. For example, when creating an activity area, teachers should try to find activities that children are interested in and can stimulate their interest, such as a doll's house in a small class and a scientific exploration area in a large class, and help provide rich activity materials to stimulate their interest in participating.
4. Cultivate children's interest in learning in family education.
First of all, in the process of family education, we should praise more and criticize less. Be good at discovering the advantages of every child. Some parents keep silent "it's as simple as playing". They hate iron and don't know that good steel has been passivated in criticism. Over time, children always feel that they are poor, always make mistakes, and feel depressed about learning, so they hate learning. If the child is really wrong, of course, he should also criticize, so that the child can understand why the adults criticize him and let him understand the truth.
Secondly, let children have a successful experience from the beginning. Adults should let children master knowledge as much as possible and let them learn from scratch, which not only enhances their self-confidence, but also allows them to experience the joy of learning.
The experience of excellent parents also proves that the education of learning purpose should be linked with children's thoughts and reality, adhere to patient and meticulous positive education, and link learning purpose with life purpose through various vivid and infectious examples in order to receive good results. For example, some children are learning to dance. She doesn't like basic dance practice and can't stand pain, but she is interested in the results of learning dance and participating in various performances. This interest can encourage children to engage in basic dance practice activities. Therefore, parents should not only make full use of their children's direct interests and stimulate their children to study hard, but also improve their indirect interests through education for learning purposes. Many psychologists have realized the active role of interest in activities. Piaget, a Swiss child psychologist, described interest as "the regulator of energy". Pan Wei, a famous psychologist in China, believes that "interest is the most realistic and active component of learning motivation". If a child is interested in learning, it can stimulate his enthusiasm for learning and push him to get good grades in his studies. In addition, you should actively answer your child's questions. If not, you can tell him to find out first and then tell him, but when it comes to doing it, you must not perfunctory. If his parents cheat him, he won't ask questions that his children don't understand in the future, which will hurt their enthusiasm and curiosity. Interest in learning will gradually fade away.
Only fertile soil can produce good crops, and only a good family environment can cultivate extremely intelligent children. Teachers should learn to grasp the characteristics of children's interests, understand where children's interests lie, cultivate and develop children's initial interests, and let interests play the greatest role in personal growth.