Qualified political quality. Have a firm ideological belief, be loyal to the Party, always be politically sober, be good at recognizing and judging the situation politically, observe and deal with problems, and serve the grassroots, enterprises and people enthusiastically.
Good ideological quality. Establish a correct outlook on the world, life, values and power, and have a correct way of thinking. Only with good ideological quality can we stand higher and see farther, and we will have firm political and political beliefs.
Noble moral character. With the mind of unity and cooperation, the cultivation of tolerance, modesty and prudence, the role of setting an example, the image of honesty and self-discipline and the spirit of selfless dedication, I can brainstorm, be fair and open, have high moral quality, lead the unit well and establish a good overall image.
Good cultural quality. In addition to mastering the business knowledge related to my job, I also have certain historical knowledge and legal knowledge, and can organize and lead the scientific development in this field, and learn and master the knowledge of socialist market economy, modern finance and modern management; Master scientific thinking methods and learn creative thinking.
Healthy physical and mental quality. Maintain abundant energy, strong memory and rich creativity, and observe and judge things accurately with a clear mind. Have firm confidence, strong perseverance, decisive personality, open-minded and optimistic mind. Strengthen physical exercise, pay attention to the cultivation of psychological quality and the shaping of one's own quality and character.
Ability usually refers to the ability to complete a task, and the real meaning of ability is the ability to do things. Should have the ability in six aspects.
Global ability, organization and coordination ability, pioneering and innovative ability, good at employing people, writing and oral expression ability.
What qualities should grass-roots military cadres have? 1, the ability to command combat training on the job.
2. Skillfully use the weapons and equipment in your hand.
3, the ability and quality of education management troops.
4, familiar with the ability and quality of military policies and regulations.
What abilities and qualities should grass-roots management cadres of enterprises possess? First, grassroots cadres should have the ability to make up their minds and implement them. Grass-roots units are the execution terminals for implementing the policies, spirits and plans of superiors. Grassroots cadres, as the leaders of grass-roots teams, can't really improve their work level if they position themselves as "mailroom" and "megaphone". In fact, major policies only provide goals and directions. In different units and posts, the ideas and methods of work cannot be completely consistent. This requires grassroots cadres to thoroughly understand the "feelings", accurately grasp the policies of superiors, and understand the intentions of superiors in concrete practice; The foundation will fully grasp the real situation and objective laws of its own team, and find out the key points of implementation on the basis of understanding the "lower situation" and grasping the "truth" according to the specific reality of its own unit; Finally, focus on the implementation of the goal. So as to drive employees to reach a new level in staff quality, crude oil production and daily management according to the requirements of the new situation.
Second, grassroots cadres should have the ability to mobilize and master the backbone. Grass-roots cadres have a clear working idea, but also rely on the participation and support of the masses of workers to implement the work. Therefore, grassroots cadres must be good at mobilizing the enthusiasm of employees. First of all, we should fully publicize and explain the policy. Only when the superior's policy spirit is fully grasped by employees and transformed into practical actions of employees can it exert its powerful power and promote the continuous development of enterprises. Grassroots cadres should first understand and master the essence of principles and policies themselves and become the translators of superior policies. Through self-digestion, it becomes a language that employees can accept and understand, and it is conveyed to employees, so that the policies of superiors can be understood by employees, and then employees will fully support it. Second, we must sincerely adhere to the service of employees and attach importance to and safeguard the most realistic, caring and direct interests of employees. In practical work, grassroots cadres must pay attention to and solve the outstanding problems faced by employees in production and life, resolve the contradictions between employees and enterprises, employees and cadres, employees and employees, mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of employees, and get their understanding and support. The third is to set an example and take the lead in setting an example. Grassroots cadres should always stand in the forefront of the masses, change giving orders into behavior-driven, and turn shouting into doing. Use your own personality charm and practical actions to influence and drive employees. The fourth is to tap the typical, cultivate the backbone and mobilize the enthusiasm of all staff. Starting with grasping the backbone can be said to be an effective method for many years. Grassroots cadres should be good at learning from micro-knowledge, summing up new experiences and discovering new models from grassroots practice and creation. At the same time, we can also choose and cultivate typical models in a planned way and often help them sum up and improve. Through typical demonstration and guidance, let the masses draw strength from reality and find the goal of progress.
Third, grassroots cadres should have the ability to focus on key points and make overall plans. Grassroots work is very casual, and new situations and problems emerge one after another. Grassroots cadres have to face many unexpected and complicated situations. If you can't grasp the key points, but cover everything, regardless of priorities, the result is to grasp everything and relax everything. The so-called focus is the main contradiction, the main aspect of contradiction. It can be divided into the focus of a certain period, the focus of a certain stage, and the focus of a certain aspect. Grasping the key points will grasp the essence of the matter. Grass-roots cadres must firmly grasp the overall, fundamental and key issues from many things if they want to do complex work well. Only in this way can we concentrate and make reasonable arrangements. Only in this way can we handle the dialectical relationship between exterior and interior, size, difficulty and quantity. At the same time, the focus is also a variable, which is the focus of work at this stage, not necessarily the focus in the future; It is the key work in a certain region, but it is not necessarily the key work in the whole region. Therefore, the determination of key points must proceed from reality and be adjusted in time according to the development and changes of the situation. Fourth, grassroots cadres should have the ability to summarize and refine. Grass-roots work shows strong repeatability year after year. Some cadres will be lazy because of this nature of work. As a grass-roots cadre, we must be able to sum up new contents in time according to the changes of background, subject, object and method, and raise perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge in time. To some extent, it is an innovation to summarize in time and be good at refining. Daqing Oilfield is a model refined by grass-roots cadres from "four similarities" in the battle period to "four differences" in the new period. At the same time, summing up is not a simple list of things, nor is it a running account of superficial work. It is an analysis and study of various experiences or situations in a stage of work and thought, and puts forward guiding opinions for the next step. Five, grassroots cadres should have the ability to talk about unity and be good at communication. Unity is the life of the collective, which unites combat effectiveness and creativity. Grassroots cadres should not only pay attention to the unity between cadres, but also pay attention to the unity between cadres and employees. Establish a high degree of understanding, trust and friendship among cadres. Care for each other, help each other, cool each other down and maintain each other, and truly become good partners at work and good friends in life. Only in this way can we reach a consistent goal and give full play to the overall function of the team. Unity between cadres and employees, only by truly caring about the needs of employees can we strive to meet the needs of employees. Create a United and friendly working environment and give full play to the potential enthusiasm of employees. In fact, when it comes to unity, we cannot but talk about communication. As the saying goes: "A good word warms three winters, and a bad word is cold in June", which shows the importance of communication. Good communication skills are an important magic weapon to carry out work and promote unity. Grassroots cadres must pay attention to strict logic, accurate language and mild attitude when doing communication work. This kind of persuasion is the right medicine. Through extensive and in-depth communication, grassroots cadres form ideological resonance with the masses and win the trust and respect of employees. Mobilizing the enthusiasm of employees is not an empty talk. When the team is in trouble, employees and the team can help each other and tide over the difficulties.
What abilities and qualities should a CEO possess? 1. morality.
Whether fulfilling corporate social responsibility or pursuing corporate interests, enterprises are objectively required to take moral issues seriously. And the moral character of CEO is closely related to this. Therefore, for enterprises, the moral character of CEO is not a dispensable issue. A qualified CEO should have the following qualities:
(1) Responsible and enterprising. Responsibility and enterprising spirit are the basis for the formation and development of all CEO abilities. Career is the driving force, and responsibility is the guarantee. Individuals with high achievement motivation can produce high goal commitment, prompting individuals to invest more time and energy in order to obtain better job performance.
(2) trustworthy. The CEO must be responsible for the information he sends and the policies he makes, to ensure the consistency and continuity of information, and trustworthiness is also a necessary condition to win the trust of subordinates.
(3) be bold and confident. As a CEO, we should be bold, dare to question the status quo, dare to take risks, seek opportunities through constant pursuit of change, development and innovation, and be confident at the same time, so as to give employees unlimited motivation and bring new opportunities to the development of enterprises.
(4) Must have excellent organizational and coordination skills. The CEO should be an excellent organizer and coordinator. They should have the spirit of cooperation that they are willing to cooperate with others, the strong principle of strict discipline, and the personality charm that can attract and influence other members to establish team spirit.
(5) Be enterprising. As CEO, to some extent, they decide the development direction of the enterprise. In this highly competitive shopping mall, it is essential to be enterprising if you want to make your own enterprise invincible.
(6) Be fair. The CEO often acts as a "referee" in his daily work, so he must have the qualities of fairness and honesty.
(7) Perseverance is needed. Firm will is an important psychological quality that enterprise CEO should have, which will make the purpose and direction of cognitive activities more clear, consciously overcome the difficulties in the cognitive process, actively understand and master the development law of objective things, and effectively develop people's intellectual talents.
(eight) to know selfless dedication. As a leader of an enterprise, the CEO should know how to make selfless contributions. Only in this way can enterprises be more cohesive, more popular and have a good working atmosphere.
(9) Be honest. As the CEO of an enterprise, we must be loyal to the enterprise, not greedy for small profits, face the temptation, know how to resist and keep ourselves clean.
Second, physical quality.
The business world is like a battlefield. Whether it is going deep into the grassroots, strengthening production and operation, or strategizing and making strategic decisions on the unpredictable market situation, without good health, it will leave regrets that it is not enough. Therefore, the CEO must have a healthy body in order to undertake heavy production, administration and command tasks. At the same time, having a healthy body can establish a better image for employees and make the development of enterprises more secure.
Third, knowledge.
The knowledge here mainly refers to scientific and cultural knowledge and professional knowledge. As a qualified CEO, you should master relevant knowledge, including political law enforcement, sociology, psychology, advertising, management, marketing, economics, interpersonal theory, mass communication, journalism, corporate culture and so on.
Although the CEO does not need to be a knowledgeable political scientist or critic, he must be familiar with state affairs, and must have an understanding and correct evaluation of traditional policies, current interests and existing problems, as well as those in power. The CEO doesn't need to be a meticulous observer or a keen personality analyst, but he must know the personality, thinking mode, habits and main advantages and disadvantages of his subordinates.
Fourth, skills.
What are the necessary skills for a CEO? Generally speaking, the CEO's skill requirements are shown in the following three aspects:
(1) technical skills. Generally speaking, it is "knowledgeable", "skilled", "only paying attention to one skill", "interlacing like a mountain" and "unfamiliar". Refers to the ability to use relevant working procedures, technologies and knowledge in professional fields to complete organizational tasks.
(2) interpersonal skills. Interpersonal communication ability, the so-called "understanding people", refers to the skills related to dealing with interpersonal relationships, that is, the ability to understand, motivate and cooperate with others. As a CEO, I mainly coordinate the relationship with subordinates and colleagues.
(3) Conceptual skills. Conceptual skills refer to the ability to look at the whole world and realize why something should be done, that is, the ability to gain insight into the complexity of the interaction between enterprises and the environment. Specifically, it includes the ability to understand the relationship between things so as to find out the key influencing factors, the ability to determine and coordinate all aspects of the relationship, and the ability to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of different schemes and inherent risks.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) wisdom
(1) thinking. The effect of management fundamentally depends on the scientific thinking mode of CEO. Paying attention to and studying the thinking mode of managers has become an important topic in the field of management science and thinking science. Modern CEO's scientific thinking mode should include multipolar thinking mode, open thinking mode, non-optimal thinking mode, fuzzy thinking mode, transposition thinking mode and creative thinking mode.
(2) judgment. A lot of management work is carried out in a hurry, and many problems are more complicated. This requires supervisors to have keen observation, correct judgment and firm determination. Judgment helps CEO to improve work efficiency and accuracy when making departmental plans and work plans. Coupled with strong logical thinking ability, it can greatly improve the effectiveness of CEO's actual work behavior.
(3) IQ. A good CEO must have a high IQ, so as to constantly put forward effective strategies to promote the development of enterprises and lead enterprises to advance in a unique and innovative way in this turbulent business battlefield.
CEO, the soul of an enterprise, always stands at the forefront of enterprise development and constantly takes the enterprise to a higher development platform. Of course, only with the above basic qualities can they better play their role and develop their enterprises. Only in this way can they be more skilled in the turbulent business battlefield.
What abilities and qualities should a cadre supervisor have? What qualities should leading cadres have in the new period?
2 1 century, in the face of complicated and changeable international situation and ever-changing domestic situation, every leading cadre is faced with opportunities and challenges. In the new century and new period, how to seize the opportunity, meet the challenge and complete the tasks entrusted by the party and the people, the author believes that as a leading cadre, he should have the following qualities.
First, leading cadres should effectively solve three problems.
1, we should keep in mind the requirements of stressing politics and solve the problem of why we join the revolution. * * * Since the day he joined the Party organization, he has been faced with the question of "why should he join the revolution". Solving this problem is not an overnight and once-and-for-all thing, but a long-term task of subjective world transformation. The basic requirement of politics is to have firm and correct ideals and beliefs, which is the basic premise to solve the problem of "why should we participate in the revolution?" So, what is the reason for joining the revolution? To put it simply, this is a sentence: to fight for the ideological beliefs of socialism and communism all one's life is to strengthen the political beliefs of socialism and communism and unswervingly take the road of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
2. Strengthen the Party's fundamental purpose and solve the problem of "What are officials doing now?". For the party's leading cadres, "what to do now as an official" is a crucial issue. Is the core of why, what to do and what to leave behind. The key to the question of "what officials do" lies in who is in power, who uses power and how to correctly exercise the power entrusted by the people, which is a concentrated expression of people's world outlook, outlook on life and values. The party comes from the people, takes root in the people and serves the people. When we think about problems, do things and make decisions, we must proceed from the fundamental interests of the people and work for the interests of the people throughout all our work. To carry out the work, we must look at whether the people agree or disagree, whether they are happy or not, whether they support it or not, whether they are welcome or not, and boldly do what the people are happy and agree with. These understandings and practices should be the basis for leading cadres at all levels to correctly treat "what officials do now"
3. We should adhere to people's revolutionary integrity and solve the problem of "what will be left in the future". On the issue of "what to leave", leading cadres should have the noble sentiments of * * people, strengthen their own party spirit exercise and cultivation, be strict with themselves, stop procrastination, self-esteem, self-caution, self-encouragement, consciously resist the temptation of fame and fortune, money and womanhood, be spotless, and always maintain the revolutionary integrity of * * * people.
Second, leading cadres should be faithful practitioners of the "Theory of Three Represents"
1. Leading cadres should strengthen their study and be at the forefront of reform, opening up and modernization. The competition of comprehensive national strength in 2 1 century is, in the final analysis, the competition of science and culture and the competition of scientific and technological innovation. Leading cadres should consciously learn modern science and technology, market economy, finance, law and other knowledge from the height of representing the development direction of advanced productive forces, strive to master advanced science and technology, a particularly important factor in productive forces, truly keep pace with the times, master knowledge, and always walk in the forefront of the development of the times, reform, opening up and modernization.
2. Leading cadres should strengthen their self-cultivation and constantly transform the subjective world. Advanced culture reflects the spirit of the times and is the spiritual power to promote social progress. With the profound changes in the international and domestic situation, the rapid development of high-tech and information networks, the interaction between various ideologies and cultures has become more intense, and people's value orientation, moral concepts and cultural choices have become increasingly diversified. This requires every leading cadre to consciously strengthen the cultivation of party spirit in practical work and study, always adhere to the direction of representing advanced culture, resist temptation, control details, and avoid unhealthy practices and ill-gotten gains.
3. Leading cadres should love the people and serve them wholeheartedly. The practice of socialist revolution and socialist construction in the past century has proved that only by always representing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China can our Party stand all kinds of tests and challenges, win the trust and support of the people, and thus remain invincible forever. Leading cadres must adhere to the interests of the people as the starting point and the foothold to think about problems and do things, serve the people wholeheartedly, and be good cadres of the party and good public servants of the people.
What abilities and qualities should a CEO possess? 98. 1. Managers should have a good image. The manager should have good prestige. 3. Managers should have certain management ability. 4. Managers should pay attention to using "law" to manage stores. 5. Managers should have the ability to solve problems. Managing employees well is the core work of manager management. 7. Excellent managers must attach importance to team building. 8. Managers should keep pace with the times and innovate. 9. Managers should regard learning as a ladder of progress. 10. Achieving the goal is the quality and ability of management.
What abilities and qualities should loan officers have? Communication ability should be the primary ability and quality of loan officers. Many loan officers report that the most difficult part of business process is to obtain customer information and analyze information. Because most small business customers don't have complete financial statements, they can only get relevant financial information from conversations and cross-check all kinds of information; In addition to financial information, there are all kinds of soft information that need to be obtained from conversation. Only by mastering the skills and angles of conversation can we get true and complete information. In addition, customers will adjust their attitude according to their impressions of loan officers. If loan officers have established a good relationship with them, customers will be more cooperative in investigation and repayment. Interpersonal communication skills: have a keen intuition and cognition of the customer's personality, emotions and needs; Good endurance and ability to cope with interpersonal pressure, able to flexibly use a variety of interpersonal skills and methods for different situations and different communication objects; Take the initiative to understand customers and observe their needs; Keep promises, be honest and upright, have a strong sense of responsibility, and gain the trust of customers; When interacting with customers, they can show their understanding and concern for customers; Have strong emotional control ability, be flexible in the process of fighting for the rights and interests of enterprises, and be able to bear the greater psychological pressure of Kaiyuan investment. At present, the main challenges faced by loan officers are limited customer resources and shrinking market space, so loan officers need to use existing customer resources to tap new customers. Ability to observe and judge: specifically, it refers to the ability to observe the quality of customers through their manners and social relations; Objective judgment; Be good at observing words and feelings; Collect information from multiple sources and verify your judgment accurately. Whether the loan can be repaid in time depends largely on the customer's willingness to repay, and the willingness to repay depends largely on the customer's personality. Therefore, before the loan is issued, we should focus on the customer's character. Generally, a loan will not take more than one week from application to issuance. In this short period of time, loan officers should timely and accurately grasp the customer's character and character. For example, a self-employed shoe seller applied for a loan of 60,000 yuan. Although the customer's financial strength is relatively weak at present, he learned from the conversation that he could have borrowed money from his relatives, but he was too embarrassed to ask, so he borrowed money from the bank. It can be seen that this customer pays more attention to face and will be more willing to repay. Pay attention to details: be good at grasping details and finding effective information that others are not easy to perceive; Rigorous and pragmatic, with a strong tendency to seek factual basis, willing to see and respect facts. When a loan officer was handling business for a foreign customer, he asked the customer if he was engaged in other business. The customer saidno. When the loan officer checked the customer's financial statements, he found that there was a large expenditure in the income statement, and the customer could not clearly explain the whereabouts of the funds. Later, after many understandings, it was confirmed that the customer also operated a screen factory in his hometown. Kaiyuan Investment 3 takes customers as the center, understands the actual and potential needs of customers, and provides corresponding products or services; Actively participate in the decision-making process of customers; Keep in touch with customers for a long time and establish a solid partnership; Care about the customer's business situation and difficulties, provide support and help as much as possible, and achieve a win-win situation for both enterprises and customers; Treat customers with different backgrounds fairly. Anti-pressure ability: Small business loan officers are under great pressure of performance, so they need to maintain a good positive attitude, overcome difficulties, adjust their emotions in time and maintain sufficient confidence.
What abilities should a class teacher have? First, a noble morality.
First, the head teacher should love and be loyal to the cause of education, have a strong sense of responsibility and be willing to devote his life to the growth of the next generation. Loving and being loyal to education is the premise for class teachers to do all moral education well.
Secondly, loving students is the bounden duty of teachers. The head teacher should be "love-oriented", spread love to students selflessly like sunshine, bring students a loving smile and warm every student's heart. The power of love is infinite. With this kind of selfless and unrequited love, we can establish a harmonious relationship between teachers and students, be students' intimate friends and mentors, and let students improve themselves and develop themselves better.
Furthermore, to be a teacher by example, the class teacher's own moral cultivation is also extremely important. Teaching by example is more important than words, infecting students with their exemplary actions, influencing students, educating students, and further sublimating students' moral feelings. "its body is right, but it does not make; If a teacher is dishonest, he won't obey orders. Only with an open mind, fair and reasonable work, kindness and enthusiasm. Can a teacher produce excellent students?
Second, all kinds of talents.
The knowledge of the head teacher should be "extensive", requiring a wide range of knowledge, involving nature, society, history and philosophy. Familiar with class routines and activities such as study, life, discipline, health and entertainment; You also need to have certain literary and sports abilities and necessary labor skills. This can better guide students to carry out labor practice in various activities. For example, if the class teacher has a certain musical background, then the art festival held by the school will not be sad; If you have the ability to draw, there is a special blackboard newspaper in the class that can give students advice and help them make suggestions; Physical fitness can guide students to organize students to exercise, so that students can better participate in various sports meetings, and can also make students keep fit and strengthen their physique, so that the "learning revolution" has capital, which can better invest in learning and lay a solid foundation. We should also know the students' work like the palm of our hand, make clear the advantages and disadvantages of each student, understand the key and difficult points of solving problems, and put forward the methods to solve problems, so as to "internalize knowledge and collect books in our chest;" Emotional input, love in its heart; The application of philosophy, art in its body ".
Third, higher education skills.
In general, it is necessary to "move with emotion, understand with reason, guide with action and persevere".
For more information about preparing for the exam, please click on the webpage link.
On-the-spot command coach should have a good overall grasp of what kind of ability and quality he should have (see clearly the advantages and disadvantages of both sides)!
Excellent insight (seeing the weakness of the opponent's defense)!
Excellent communication skills (clear communication strategy with team members)!
Off-court captain ability (can encourage players on the court in time)!
What abilities and qualities should a real entrepreneur possess? Generally speaking, an entrepreneur is doing business, and doing business is just a means of making a living. Western countries call entrepreneurs "people who can take risks and responsibilities and realize innovation in the process of enterprise establishment and development". What kind of talents are entrepreneurs? Say, a representative of French political science who coined the term "entrepreneur", said: "Entrepreneurs transfer economic resources from places with low productivity and output to higher places." From the perspective of productivity, entrepreneurs are adventurers and the fourth factor of production which combines land, workers and capital. Entrepreneurs must bear the risk of possible bankruptcy. From the perspective of management, entrepreneurs are constantly "mutating" the economic structure and "creatively destroying" the old mode of production, so the most common view at present is to determine the concept of entrepreneurs from innovative behavior. Drucker believes that entrepreneurs are people who purposefully seek the source of innovation, are good at capturing changes and regard them as opportunities for development and utilization. Generally speaking, entrepreneurs should have a variety of qualities:
First of all, entrepreneurs should be creative and pioneering talents. You should have the ability and consciousness of innovation, think what others dare not think and do what others dare not do. Revolution is what entrepreneurs must do, if they can break the routine, break the old tradition and create new management theories.
Secondly, entrepreneurs should be sensitive to any minor changes in economic life. An entrepreneur is a person who pays close attention to every little thing in life and can learn from it. Entrepreneurs' pioneering consciousness and adventurous spirit are not possessed by ordinary people, and their sensitive, cautious and rational thinking is not understood by ordinary people, which is exactly what entrepreneurs must possess.
Third, entrepreneurs have insatiable requirements for the expansion of enterprises, and the pursuit of enterprise management is endless. Real entrepreneurs should be economic animals. He has reached the state of being tired of developing enterprises. This persistent pursuit shows that entrepreneurs are not only pursuing money, but also realizing their own abilities and values.
Fourth, the mission of entrepreneurs is innovation. Entrepreneurs are people who promote enterprise change. Without change, enterprises have no vitality. However, when enterprises really want to change and touch the inherent management mode and thinking habits of enterprises, they need a special kind of courage, which will inevitably lead to controversy. So it's hard to say whether innovation is good or bad for China enterprises, but we don't understand what innovation is, so we can't understand what entrepreneurial behavior is.
5. Entrepreneur is the soul of an enterprise, and its mind determines the viability of the enterprise. An entrepreneur is a person who can break the balance and maintain it. Entrepreneurs can grasp themselves in the storm of the market and maintain the balance of enterprises in the market.
6. Entrepreneurs are people with unique business philosophy and distinctive personality. Different entrepreneurs have different values. Just as people who can talk may not be able to sing, people who can sing may not be able to become singers. Entrepreneurs and actors look alike from a certain angle. Enterprises are just the stage for entrepreneurs to perform. The more experienced entrepreneurs are, the wider their performance space will be.
Entrepreneurs can only measure their level by running in the market. To cultivate entrepreneurs, we must first give them a stage to display their talents. Entrepreneurs should not only judge their quality, but also tolerate their personality. Personalized talents are the premise for creative talents to dare to innovate, which is also an important feature of entrepreneurs.