Test center prediction: This chapter is generally not a separate topic, but is combined with Chapter III and Chapter IV. However, some contents are very important, such as the individual function and social function of education, especially the negative function, which can be investigated and analyzed in combination with cases, requiring candidates to focus on it.

Section 1 Overview of Educational Functions

First, the meaning of educational function

Function refers to the role played by an activity or social system. Educational function is the various influences and functions of educational activities and systems on individual development and social development. The function of education is reflected in the influence and function of education on individual development within the system and in the whole social system.

Second, the types of educational functions

(1) From the object of action, educational function can be divided into individual function (ontological function) and social function F derivative function 1.

The individual function of education refers to the influence and function of education on individual development. It is determined by the internal structural characteristics of educational activities, which occurs inside educational activities, and is also called the ontological function of education. The social function of education refers to the influence and function of education on social development. The social function of education is various: education can promote social production and consolidate economic foundation; It can be a means of social and political struggle, affecting the construction of democracy and legal system; Can preserve, inherit and even create human culture; It can protect the environment, control the population and so on. The social function of education is the derivative of the ontological function of education in the social structure, which is also called the tool function of education.

(2) From the direction of action. Educational function can be divided into positive function and negative function.

The positive role of education refers to the positive influence and function of education on social progress and individual development. Negative effects refer to the negative effects and functions that hinder social progress and individual development. For any society and any period of education, both positive and negative effects exist, but the proportion is different.

(3) From the presentation form of functions, educational functions can be divided into explicit functions and implicit functions.

The leading function refers to the consistent result of educational activities in actual operation according to the educational purpose. For example, promoting people's all-round and harmonious development and social progress are all manifestations of explicit educational functions. Implicit function refers to the unexpected function that comes with explicit educational function. The difference between explicit function and implicit function is relative. Once the hidden potential function is consciously developed and utilized, it can be transformed into an explicit educational function.

Section 2 Individual Functions of Education

First, the promotion of education to individual development.

Personal development includes both physical and psychological aspects in content. The former refers to the development and perfection of an organism's natural form, organs and skills, while the latter refers to the development of people's psychological process and personality psychology, including the development of cognition, emotion, will and various advanced sociality. Education promotes the harmonious and all-round development of individual body and mind through its unique form and rich content.

1. Education promotes the socialization of individual ideology

Individual's ideology is essentially the reflection of social value norms in individual's mind, while education represents … setting social requirements and spreading mainstream culture and values in society. Influenced by this kind of education, it is easy for students to form an ideology that meets the requirements of mainstream culture, so as to identify with and consciously safeguard various relations in the existing society. Education promotes the socialization of individual ideology, especially the politicization of individuals.

2. Education promotes the socialization of individual behavior.

People's behavior should conform to social norms. Through the transmission of social norms, education enables people to know the meaning and content of social norms and what they should and should not do, thus standardizing people's behavior and preventing individual behavior from deviating from the track of society. In daily life, education also has the function of life guidance. It gives people the necessary knowledge and skills in social life, so that people can learn to live and adapt to life first.

3. Educate and cultivate personal professional consciousness and role.

Occupation is the concentrated expression of socialization. As a comprehensive quality education, basic education also bears the important responsibility of career guidance and orientation. It is necessary to guide students to determine their future ideals according to their hobbies and abilities, combined with the needs of the country, and help them realize their career ideals.

(B) the function of education to promote individual personality

Individualization is a process of respecting differences. It reflects not the adaptation to society, but the development, change and creation on the basis of inheritance. Therefore, the core of personalization is that individuals promote the formation of autonomy, uniqueness and creativity in social practice.

1. Education promotes the formation of people's subjective consciousness and the development of their subjective ability.

Subjective consciousness is the conscious consciousness of human being as the subject of cognitive and practical activities, including the subject's self-consciousness and object consciousness; Subjective ability is the ability of the subject to understand and transform the external objective world. The formation of subject consciousness and the acquisition of subject ability must be realized through education. For individuals, the process of education is the process of improving their own quality and enhancing their own ability.

2. Education promotes the full development of individual differences and forms people's uniqueness.

As a purposeful activity, education can choose the development path suitable for students and design their education according to their different psychological development characteristics. Therefore, education can respect individual differences, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and help different students to give full play to their inherent potential and form their own advantageous fields and specialties.

3. Educate and develop people's creativity and promote the realization of personal value.

Creativity is the core quality of human personality and the comprehensive embodiment of individual autonomy and uniqueness. People's creativity in creative activities is not only the embodiment of individual's unique self-consciousness, but also conforms to social value and sociality. Therefore, creativity is the link between self and sociality. Although it is the embodiment of personal talent, its play is restricted by society and should be measured by social contribution.

Second, the function of individuals to make a living and enjoy education.

Third, the negative effect of education on individual development.

Modern education has hindered students' all-round development and the full realization of personality potential because of some alienation phenomena.

First of all. Excessive schoolwork burden and the practice of focusing only on "wisdom" have seriously destroyed students' physical and mental health;

Second, the existing school management model can only teach students to learn to obey, which is not conducive to the development of students' subjectivity and creativity.

In view of the negative effects that have occurred, we should not avoid them, but should carefully analyze the reasons and take active measures to overcome and correct them. The key to changing our education and overcoming negative functions is to establish a "people-oriented" educational concept. The people-oriented educational concept requires us to regard people as an end, not a means, and to regard the development of students as the starting point and destination of education. People-oriented education regards people as positive people, respects people's personality and life, and looks forward to and appreciates people with positive eyes.

Section 3 Social Function of Education

First, the population function of education.

There are many factors that affect the quality of the population, including not only the genetic quality from the previous generation, but also the social environment and domestic water used by him.

Ping. On the one hand, education may play a role in improving people's genetic quality, improving social environment and people's concept of life, but more importantly, under the condition that these conditions are basically the same, education plays a decisive role in improving population quality. Because the quality of the population is mainly reflected in people's scientific and technological level, cultural literacy, ideological awareness, moral standards and other spiritual factors, education, as an activity to promote the all-round development of people's morality, intelligence, physique and beauty, its direct role is to improve the quality of the population. Therefore, education is the basic way to improve the quality of population. Therefore, on the one hand, the state should vigorously develop compulsory education and improve the quality of education; On the other hand, we should correct our school-running ideas, implement quality education in an all-round way, overcome the tendency of "examination-oriented education" in one-sided pursuit of enrollment rate, and make contributions to comprehensively improving the quality of the Chinese nation.

Second, the cultural function of education

Culture is human creation, and the process of cultural creation is the process of education. The role of education in preserving and developing culture constitutes the cultural function of education.

The cultural function of education is embodied in the following aspects: first, education has the function of cultural transmission and preservation; Second, education has the function of cultural choice; Third, education has the function of cultural exchange and integration; Fourth, education has the function of cultural renewal and creation.

Third, the economic function of education.

The economic function of education refers to the role of education in social and economic development. With the rapid development of social production technology, means and methods, education plays an increasingly important role in promoting social and economic growth, and its position in social and economic life is also steadily improving. First of all, education transforms the possible labor force into the realistic labor force and becomes an important means of labor reproduction; Secondly, education promotes economic development by producing science and technology.

Fourthly, the political function of education.

Politics is an inevitable fact that human society has developed to a certain stage. Problems in any field in modern society will soon go out of their narrow fields and rise to political issues. Education has been endowed with profound political significance. To some extent, education is also an effective political resource, which plays a unique role in influencing social and political development. First of all, education cultivates social governance talents; Second, educate and train qualified citizens; Third, education spreads political awareness and advocates mainstream political values.