956 primary education: 1. The emergence and development of primary education: the emergence and development of institutions, the popularization of compulsory education, and the educational reform in various countries. 2. Curriculum and teaching: the types, design and implementation of primary school curriculum, the significance and tasks of primary school teaching, the nature and methods of teaching activities, teaching principles, teaching organization forms, teaching methods and teaching means, etc. 3. Teachers and students: the essential attributes, rights and obligations of students and the characteristics of primary school students; The characteristics of primary school teachers' labor, the role, position and responsibility of primary school teachers, and the professional quality requirements of primary school teachers. 4. Organization and management of primary education activities: class management, extracurricular activities and organization of Young Pioneers activities. Bibliography: 1. Primary Education (2nd Edition) edited by Huang Ji, Lao Kaisheng and Tan Chuanbao, People's Education Press, August 2007. (Series Name: Textbooks for Primary Education in Colleges and Universities) 2. Comparative Primary Education, edited by Zhang Minxuan, China Central Radio and TV University Press, July 2004.