Content of management ethics
Ethics of organizational management objectives
Any management is organizational management. However, the ideological and moral level of organizational managers is directly related to the management level and the realization of management objectives. Because organizers should not only consider the feasibility of management objectives, but also consider the morality of management objectives when formulating management objectives, so as to make management objectives effective. In order to make its management objectives feasible, organization managers should consider the morality of their objectives more or less. The goal of clan public affairs management in primitive society is to obtain necessary material means of life, and its moral goal is to safeguard the survival of clan members. In class society, the management objectives of organizations are branded with class, and organizations of different classes have different moral requirements for their management objectives. When the slave-owning class and the feudal landlord class strengthen the function of repression in state management, their social management goals also take into account the need to control class conflicts within a certain range of "order", regulate people's behavior with "courtesy" or "benevolence", and let the people know how to behave themselves and not "make mistakes and make troubles". They also regard the effective management of the country as the goal of effective management of society, and think that managing the country well means managing the society well, and their moral goal is to protect the national interests, that is, to safeguard the interests of the exploiting classes. As democritus, an ancient Greek thinker, said, "If you want to govern a country well, you must first consider the interests of the country. Never allow arguments to undermine justice, and never allow violence to harm public welfare. Because a well-governed country is the most reliable guarantee, everything depends on the country. A sound country means all prosperity and national corruption will end. " The famous "rule of chastity" in China feudal society is inseparable from the measures taken by Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin in the process of formulating and implementing national management objectives. Therefore, many feudal rulers followed the example of Emperor Taizong, advocated the rule of virtue and "ruled the country by virtue".
Different from the previous goal of the exploiting classes to strengthen state management, capitalism has been committed to developing productive forces since the day it came into being. Therefore, the most basic aspect of bourgeois social management is production management. However, when the bourgeoisie formulates its production management objectives, it often rarely considers the morality of its objectives based on the pursuit of more surplus value, so it always fails to achieve the effective management it should achieve. In this regard, Marx once exposed the essence of the moral weakening of bourgeois management objectives. He said: "If the management of capitalism is twofold in content, it is because the production process it manages is twofold: on the one hand, it is the social labor process of manufacturing products, on the other hand, it is the process of capital value proliferation." In this case, the function of "management, supervision and regulation" becomes the function of capital. As a special function of capital, this management function has acquired a special nature. "In the socialist society, because of the elimination of the exploitation system and the exploiting class, the economic system with public ownership as the main body has been implemented, and the working people are masters of their own affairs, the essence and objectives of all social management have undergone fundamental changes. The management goal of socialist production is to develop productive forces and achieve the best economic benefits, and the corresponding moral goal is to realize the common prosperity of the people. This consistency between management objectives and moral requirements can only be truly realized under socialist conditions.
Moral means to achieve organizational management goals
Means is the sum of certain ways, methods, means and strategies to achieve a certain goal or goal. The realization of any organizational management goal must be achieved through certain means. As for what kind of means to take and what kind of effect to achieve, it depends on the choice of means by the organization manager. Whether the selected means are justified, that is, whether the means are moral, will directly affect the realization of management objectives. In class society, different classes take different measures to achieve their management goals. The democrats of the slave-owning class once demanded that some soft and tolerant policies be adopted for slaves to stabilize social order. However, the slave owners' class optimates continued to adhere to the strict policy of oppression, which caused great resistance from slaves. In the revolutionary struggle against the autocratic system of the slave class, the feudal landlord class once adopted some preferential policies, which gave some benefits to farmers and really played a good role in attracting farmers to participate in the revolution. However, after the feudal landlord class came to power, it took more severe measures to exploit and oppress farmers, which led to continuous peasant uprisings. The bourgeois held high the revolutionary banner of "freedom, democracy and fraternity" and adopted the means of mercilessly exposing and criticizing feudal autocracy, which also played a positive role in attracting the broad working class and working people to participate in the revolution. However, after the bourgeoisie came to power, it still adhered to the moral principle of extreme egoism, so in the process of realizing the production and business objectives, it adopted various improper means, such as extending working hours, increasing labor intensity, recruiting child workers, and lowering wages. , cruelly oppress and exploit workers in order to achieve the goal of pursuing high surplus value. As Engels said, the bourgeoisie always "uses immoral means to achieve immoral purposes." Different from the bourgeoisie, after mastering the state power, the proletariat requires all organizations and managers to choose all means to achieve their management goals. These means must be just and meet the requirements of socialist morality. It resolutely opposes the practices of some organization managers who take improper means to realize their own interests. It also requires people to severely crack down on and condemn improper behaviors such as cutting corners, tax evasion, smuggling, counterfeiting, price fraud and false advertising.
Interpersonal relationship management ethics
Interpersonal relationship management is an important part of social management. The interpersonal relationship management in a certain society is not only determined by the social nature, but also influenced by blood, geography, occupation and other factors, which leads to the complexity and diversity of this management level. The general manager of the well-known headhunter Bonfire believes that adjusting and coordinating different interpersonal relationships or different levels of interpersonal relationships in the same interpersonal relationship requires different levels of ethics, that is, dealing with and coordinating neighborhood interpersonal relationships, fellow villagers interpersonal relationships and family interpersonal relationships are different. It is an old saying in China that "it is difficult for an honest official to break housework", but it shows the complexity of interpersonal relationship management. Especially under the condition of socialist market economy, some people abuse the principle of equivalent exchange, which leads to many "network" phenomena in interpersonal communication, such as "human feelings are greater than official seals" and "killing cooked food", that is, eating inside and scraping outside in economic communication, which makes people feel credit crisis, declining world trends and moral decline. In this case, how to standardize people's communication relationship and make people's interpersonal relationship develop in an equal, harmonious, coordinated and orderly healthy direction has become an important content in the construction of management ethics.
Personnel management ethics
Any organization and management is carried out by people and through people's activities. Therefore, how to manage talents well and how to employ people should not only consider people's knowledge, experience and ability, but also consider people's ideological and moral quality. China has had a saying since ancient times that "people want to survive in politics, and people want to die in politics", and "the chaos in the world often depends on employing people". Although this sentence is not a wise saying, it contains profound truth. In fact, many countries in China have paid attention to the requirements of talents and political integrity in management decision-making. From Ke Qing and Shi Yang in Warring States to Jushi Xian in Han Dynasty: from the official system of Wei Jiupin to the imperial examination system in Sui and Tang Dynasties and the stereotyped writing system in Ming and Qing Dynasties, candidates are required to be not only talented, but also virtuous, that is, loyal to the monarch, patriotic, filial, honest and innocent. In the process of recruiting talents, the contemporary western bourgeoisie also attaches great importance to the political, religious and moral factors of the talents it uses. In socialist society, our employment system should pay more attention to moral requirements, adhere to the principle of employing people with both ability and political integrity and the principle of using good people, and oppose the practice of "cronyism" and "abusing power for personal gain" to make our personnel management scientific, standardized and moral.
Property management ethics
Material and money are the material basis for achieving organizational management goals. An organization without materials and funds can't be managed well. However, with the organization of materials and money, effective management objectives may not be achieved, because materials and money are always handed over to the personnel of the organization to master and use. At this time, the moral quality of the property manager is directly proportional to the moral hazard of the property. If the person in charge of money and things doesn't even have the minimum moral consciousness of "a gentleman loves money and takes it wisely" and "don't use things that are not my own", it will inevitably be greedy for perfection, embezzle and misappropriate, and turn public into private, which will inevitably shake or weaken the material foundation of organizational management. In recent years, there have been many huge corruption cases in China, and the younger age of corrupt personnel (such as "26-year-old phenomenon") is enough to explain the weakness of China's property management system and the lack of moral awareness of property managers. Therefore, how to standardize the behavior of property managers and strengthen moral construction and moral education in property management is also a very important content of management ethics.