How to stimulate the interest in Chinese teaching in primary schools
1, problem introduction method
Learning is expensive and doubtful, small doubts and small progress, big doubts and great progress. Asking questions is the kindling to ignite students' thinking and the motivation to stimulate students' interest in learning. Pupils are curious, eager to learn and love to find their roots. According to this characteristic of primary school students, we should be good at creating contradictions and problems for students, triggering students' cognitive conflicts, making students in an unspeakable state of anger, promoting students to actively explore knowledge driven by a strong thirst for knowledge, and making students have an urgent will to solve doubts through learning.
2. Multimedia method
Multimedia method refers to the inquiry learning of a problem, which mobilizes students' multiple senses through multimedia and network, deepens students' knowledge and understanding of the problem, helps students broaden their horizons and thinking space, and achieves good teaching results. This is impossible for books or traditional teaching media, such as small blackboards and projectors. When I was talking about the text "We Love You, China", I used multimedia technology, combined with the content of the text, and presented the magnificent scenery, rich products, folk customs, ancient civilization and great changes of the times mentioned in the poem on the screen as soon as possible, so that students could deeply feel the beauty and greatness of the motherland and let them spontaneously show their patriotism. At the same time, the music "My China Heart" is played circularly, so that everyone can be immersed in patriotic emotion, and students can be brought into the atmosphere of patriotic emotion education at the beginning of class, laying the foundation for patriotism in text learning. This is obviously impossible for traditional teaching media.
3, review the import method
Before teaching new knowledge, it is also a good way to review the relevant knowledge you have learned and introduce and learn new knowledge on the basis of students' original knowledge. "Looking back" here is a means, and the real purpose is to introduce new lessons. There are many "two ancient poems" in this textbook. It is not difficult for a careful observer to find that the two ancient poems here have the same theme.
For example, Unit 6, Volume 11 of the Chinese Language Edition of Beijing Normal University has two ancient poems with the theme of "war", namely "Joining the Army in the Tenth Five-Year Plan" and "Going to the Frontier". The former tells a sad scene of a veteran who has been in the army for 65 years returning to his hometown. Through study, the students learned about the sufferings brought by the war. On this basis, when learning the second poem (frontier fortress), I first experienced the feelings of the last poem with the students and guided them: "War always brings people hardships. As the saying goes,' those who have benefited the country for a long time have never had it'. Today, let's take a look at those soldiers who are frontier fortress. What is their life like? How do they view this war? " This introduction of reviewing the past makes students realize the disadvantages of war again and lays an emotional foundation for better understanding the second poem.
4. Performance method
Performance method can stimulate students' interest in learning, which is conducive to the upsurge of learning enthusiasm and active classroom atmosphere. More importantly, students can have emotional resonance by watching some students' performances, and learn some truth from them, which is conducive to further study. When a primary school teacher was teaching "Speaking Modesty", he set up such a situation in combination with the actual situation: two apples, one big and one small, were presented to two primary school students to take on the podium, and both students refused to take the big one and competed for the small one. Therefore, the teacher naturally introduced the topic: this is what the "humble" students find interesting, and they also realized the truth of civility and politeness through laughter. The students began to learn the new text with great interest.
5. Questioning the introduction method
The ancients said, "Learning is more expensive than thinking, and thinking comes from doubt." "Doubt" is the kindling that ignites students' thinking and exploration. When teaching a new class, teachers skillfully guide students to ask questions actively according to the content of the text, which often causes students to think highly, ask questions actively and think. The introduction of questions can often attract students' attention, make them quickly enter the best learning state, stimulate students' interest in reading, sprout their desire for knowledge and inspire their thinking. For example, when teaching Moonlight Enlightenment, it was introduced like this: After the students read the topic together, the teacher asked, Who is my first teacher? Student: Mom.
Then it shows: My mother can't read, but she is my first teacher. Students read. The teacher asked, do you have any questions after reading this? Students will say: How did my mother's illiteracy enlighten me? Yueming, is it Yueming? Why is my mother my first teacher? ..... according to the students' questions, summarize and show two problems that need to be solved in this class: 1. How did my mother enlighten me? 2. Why is the moonlight enlightened? So we started teaching around these two main problems. The process of students asking questions is a process of thinking, a process of thinking collision, which arouses students' interest and curiosity in learning the text and urges them to find answers in the text. This method not only naturally leads students into the learning process of solving problems, but also enables students to gain interest in thinking and happiness in participating.
6, picture import method
This is an introduction method that uses teaching wall charts, self-made pictures or stick figures, attracts students' attention by means of modern teaching methods such as projection or other multimedia technologies, and then puts forward a series of questions around pictures to stimulate students' curiosity and introduce new lessons. This introduction method is generally suitable for writing landscape articles, because beautiful landscape pictures can deepen students' impression and help students to be influenced by beauty.
How to stimulate the interest in Chinese teaching in primary schools
First, choose topics that children are interested in to import.
1, combined with your own emotional attitude, improve your interest in learning. Children in lower grades lack self-confidence in the learning process because of their poor knowledge and ability. Therefore, in class, we should choose topics that are closely related to their lives, combine their learning with their own emotions and attitudes, and improve their interest in learning.
2. Look at the photos and introduce them in detail to improve oral expression. For example, when teaching my family, both teachers and children brought family photos. At the beginning of class, the teacher introduced his family to the children first, which aroused the students' interest in learning. After listening to the teacher's introduction, the students all have a special desire to let everyone know and understand their family. Give them enough time to express themselves to everyone. This kind of expression not only enhances mutual understanding among students, but also exercises students' oral expression ability.
3, change the topic, throw a brick to attract jade. Then the teacher changed the subject and asked everyone if they wanted to see Dongdong's home. Everyone's mood was suddenly mobilized and they said "good" in unison. In this way, it is natural to introduce the study of the text My Home. Under the guidance of the teacher, the children have unconsciously entered the learning state and the learning effect is excellent. Not only should you read and recite the text, but you should also know the new words you need to know in this class. I not only used the word "home" verbally, but also knew these words.
Second, the creation of situational import
In primary school texts, many articles are fresh in writing and beautiful in artistic conception, some are expressed by scenery, some are narrative and lyrical, and some are figurative. When teaching this kind of text, teachers can create a text situation with the help of illustrations, experiments and other auxiliary means to stimulate students' interest in learning and make them step into the artistic conception of the text with a happy mood.
1. Creating problem situations is a good way to stimulate interest. Appropriate situation creation can not only organically integrate the teaching content into the problem situation, but also make students have a desire for knowledge and interest in learning.
2. Pay attention to the process, do experiments and stimulate interest. In the teaching process, guide students to learn the process of crows drinking water, and encourage them to do experiments by themselves, and observe the process of picking up pebbles one by one and putting them into bottles, and the water in the bottles slowly rises. This not only stimulates students' interest in learning, but also cultivates students' inquiry spirit of thinking and practice, thus receiving the best learning effect.
Third, import in the form of pictures.
1, turn the image into intuition and enhance the interest. For junior students, they are interested in colorful and intuitive pictures.
2, the combination of graphics and text, understand memory. Through observation and thinking, children can quickly say the words "day, month, water, fire, mountain, stone, field and land", and then show the word cards of the above new words for guidance and learning. Children not only realize the connection between words and pictures themselves, but also can easily recognize these words by combining pictures.
Fourth, listen to music import.
1. Play music to create an atmosphere. Introducing music into the classroom can not only create a pleasant and relaxed classroom atmosphere, but also improve students' interest in learning. For example, in the class of "Raising the National Flag", at the beginning of the class, teachers use the powerful national anthem to stimulate students' emotions and create situations on the basis of students' self-enlightenment. Facing the national flag rising slowly in the national anthem, the students consciously stood at attention and saluted the national flag.
2, China music, training thinking, show wisdom. At the end of class, the teacher cut the song "National Flag, National Flag, I Love You" that the students learned from the music class into the Chinese class, and matched it with homemade dance movements. The students left their seats singing and dancing, and their mood was high, which really made the Chinese class full of vitality. A patriotic feeling unconsciously sublimates in students' hearts. Chinese teaching integrates music, dance and other contents into students' textbook world, allowing students' skills to cross-migrate, cultivating students' innovative thinking and showing children's wisdom.
5. Introduce by telling stories and guessing riddles.
1, the story gets into the topic and attracts attention. When studying the article "The Sun", the teacher grasped the story-telling characteristics of junior students, and told the children the story of "Shooting the Sun in Houyi" as soon as the class began, and the children's attention was immediately attracted. They were immersed in the magical joy and joy of the sun and Houyi. The study of introducing the text "The Sun" is vivid and natural. Children become active in their studies.
2. Use riddles skillfully and set suspense. When learning the Boat, the teacher asked the students to guess riddles from the beginning, sometimes hanging on the hillside, sometimes hanging on the treetops, sometimes like a disc, sometimes like a sickle. "Who guessed it? What is its answer? " The children unconsciously entered a state. When they used their brains to say the answer "the moon", their hearts were full of satisfaction, and then they introduced the study of the text. The children listened carefully to the teacher and read the text with inquiry.
Six, the use of multimedia import
Multimedia, a modern information education technology, is introduced into Chinese classroom teaching, which greatly enlivens the classroom atmosphere, stimulates students' interest in learning and improves learning efficiency.
Of course, there are many ways to stimulate interest, and the means are not the same. But no matter what method, the goal is the same. In other words, teachers must use teaching materials creatively. Give full play to your creativity and imagination to create a good learning environment for students.
Methods of stimulating interest in primary school Chinese classroom
First, the method of doubt.
Educator Zhu said: "those who learn without doubt need to have doubts, and those who doubt need to have doubts." Only when they get here can they make progress. " People's learning process is the process of constantly setting doubts and solving doubts. Therefore, in teaching, teachers should carefully design questions according to the characteristics of teaching materials and students, set suspense at different levels, stimulate students' thirst for knowledge and urge them to think positively. This not only cultivates students' interest in learning, but also follows the heuristic teaching principle.
When I was talking about the text "The Woods of Life", I designed such an opening statement: "Everyone knows the Tang Priest in the Journey to the West, right? Who did he write? " (Xuanzang, a monk in the Tang Dynasty) After the students scrambled to answer, I then asked, "Where did Xuanzang first become a monk?" (Famen Temple) Most students don't know this question. Students are advised to look for it in the text. After the answer came out, I went on to say, "Famen Temple was a world-famous temple at that time, with a flourishing incense and an endless stream of pilgrims, but Xuanzang had to leave this world-famous temple to find a remote Shan Ye temple. Do you know why? " After a short silence, I said in time, "If you want to solve this mystery, please read the text" The Woods of Life "and you will understand." In this way, through questioning at different levels, students' thirst for knowledge is stimulated, and students are naturally brought into the study of the text.
Second, multimedia methods
Multimedia method refers to the inquiry learning of a problem, which mobilizes students' multiple senses through multimedia and network, deepens students' knowledge and understanding of the problem, helps students broaden their horizons and thinking space, and achieves good teaching results. This is a book or a traditional teaching medium, such as a small blackboard, a projector and so on.
When I was talking about the text "We Love You, China", I used multimedia technology, combined with the content of the text, and presented the magnificent scenery, rich products, folk customs, ancient civilization and great changes of the times mentioned in the poem on the screen as soon as possible, so that students could deeply feel the beauty and greatness of the motherland and let them spontaneously show their patriotism. At the same time, the music "My China Heart" is played circularly, so that everyone can immerse themselves in patriotic feelings and bring students into the atmosphere of patriotic emotional education at the beginning of the class, laying a patriotic tone for text learning. This is obviously impossible for traditional teaching media.
Third, situational method.
Situational teaching method is one of the effective methods to stimulate students' interest in learning. Situation is a kind of situation deliberately created by teachers through teaching methods in the teaching process, which is conducive to stimulating students' interest and making them deeply shocked and resonate, so as to better accept new knowledge.
When I was talking about the text "Grassland", I used multimedia technology to render a scene for the classroom two minutes before class: the screen constantly presented the charming scenery of the grassland, and at the same time played the song "The sun rises and sets on the grassland", which aroused students' infinite yearning for the grassland, aroused students' interest and brought them to the learning situation of the text "Grassland" at once.
Fourth, the performance method
Performance method can stimulate students' interest in learning, which is conducive to the upsurge of learning enthusiasm and active classroom atmosphere. More importantly, students can have emotional resonance by watching some students' performances, and learn some truth from them, which is conducive to further study.
When a primary school teacher was teaching "Speaking Modesty", he set up such a situation in combination with the actual situation: two apples, one big and one small, were presented to two primary school students to take on the podium, and both students refused to take the big one and competed for the small one. Therefore, the teacher naturally introduced the topic: this is "modesty", which students find interesting.
When I was talking about the text "Talking about Politeness", I asked three students to vividly perform the story of Yue Fei and Niu Hao asking for directions in "Talking about Yue Quanzhuan" as soon as the class started (the three students made full preparations according to the content of the text before class). The wonderful and humorous performances of the three students not only made the students laugh, but also realized the truth of civility and politeness in the laughter. The students began to learn the new text with great interest.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) storytelling
Storytelling is a common import method. Introduce new lessons with interesting and vivid stories, and students will concentrate on it and have a strong interest in learning.
When I was talking about the fifth grade text "Cultivating Good Study Habits (IX)", I said to the students, "The teacher wants to tell an interesting story. Please talk about your understanding after listening. " Then the courseware shows the story (and dubs it): Once upon a time, there was a man named Wang Dejing. He liked reading very much and his attitude was very serious. His friends admire his clear analysis of other people's articles. He has one shortcoming, that is, he is too lazy to use pen and ink and is unwilling to write reading notes. Once, when he saw a poem, he thought it was particularly well written, so he studied it carefully and kept it in mind, ready to introduce it to his friends at an appropriate time. One day, a friend came to see him. He introduced to his friend a poem about tigers that they read two months ago, saying that although the poem contained only four sentences, it brought the tiger to life.
A friend asked him to talk about it. He thought for a moment and said, "The first sentence seems to be a tiger's thing, and the second sentence is probably a bitter thing." The friend said discontentedly, "Since I forgot the first two sentences, let's say the last two." He raised his head and paced back and forth. It took him a long time to say, "I really forgot the third sentence." Fortunately, I remember the fourth sentence clearly. It means very hard. " After listening to the story, let the students say what they understand. Finally, guide students to talk about the importance of reading and writing, and naturally enter the study of the text.
Measures to stimulate the interest in Chinese classroom teaching in primary schools
First, attract students with interesting stories.
According to the characteristics of primary school students' love of stories, we can introduce stories with strong stories, such as novels, plays, fables and fairy tales, through telling stories, listening to stories and reading stories. For example, Catch a Ghost in Song Dynasty can retell the story of the text as an introduction, which not only greatly increases students' interest, but also pays great attention to reading the text and improves their retelling ability.
Second, use riddles and allegorical sayings to stimulate students' enthusiasm for guessing.
Pupils are lively and active, and most of them like to guess riddles. When riddles appear before class, everyone is eager to try and concentrate on guessing. A primary school teacher teaches students to read. He put some words into a crossword puzzle for the students to guess. For example: emotional excitement caused by sadness, three drops of water (tears) flowing out of the corner of the eye; Put one hand on the eye to see (see); The calf has a tail and no head (noon); A strange puppy with two mouths (crying) on its head. In this way, boring Chinese characters become vivid and students can master them easily.
Third, use experiments to demonstrate and grasp students' interests.
Teachers guide students to observe vivid objects such as things, landscapes, animals and plants related to the content of new lessons, and introduce new lessons. Doing experiments is a means of teaching natural subjects. If Chinese can be properly introduced into the classroom, it will achieve the effect of "seeing is believing" and solve the problems that students are difficult to understand. For example, when teaching the article "The Dead Sea is Undead", ask students to prepare a glass of water, an egg and a pinch of salt. Students are required to do experiments before class. Students found that eggs would sink without salt in water, but they would float with salt. The students soon understood why nothing grows on the shore of the Dead Sea, and people who drown in the water will not die. Grasping the essential characteristics of the Dead Sea greatly stimulated students' interest in learning. Another example is teaching the article "The Story of a Nuclear Ship". I first showed the slides of the nuclear ship before class, and then introduced the actual size of the nuclear ship. "The length of eight points is odd and the height can be two meters." Then I asked the students to try to fold such a big thing with paper. After stacking, everyone found that it was only half the length of chalk, and the height could not catch up with the diameter of chalk. Then I asked them to draw five people and eight windows on a paper boat, which was difficult for students to do. I guided ancient artists to carve without drawing, and the characters were vivid, which quickly caught the students' hearts and aroused their interest in learning.
Fourth, carry out exhibition activities to stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning.
For some classes suitable for role-playing, students can first change the text into a textbook drama, and then perform in different roles to introduce new lessons through activities. For example, The Emperor's New Clothes, The Chameleon, Bian Que Meets Cai Huangong can all be introduced through performances, so that students can experience the characters and deepen their understanding of the original works. For example, when teaching the article "Little Orange Lamp", the students made a little orange lamp by themselves, so I held a demonstration activity to light the little orange lamp in class, so that students could tell their symbolic meanings first, and then enter the new class. Students draw pictures according to their preview understanding of the text, show them in class at the beginning of the class, and introduce new lessons after teachers and students evaluate them. If you are studying "Tianjingsha"? Qiu Si, first show the students the "map of Qiu Si". Students listen to the model essay of the text while enjoying it, with music, vision, hearing and intuitive images. On this basis, the students listened to the text with relish, which can be said to be like a duck to water and relaxed. Exhibition activities have a sense of freshness and accomplishment, which not only exercises the comprehensive understanding ability, but also reaches the ideal realm of entertaining and entertaining.
5. Render with wonderful sounds and pictures to create an interesting learning atmosphere.
Use slides, audio and video recordings and other means to create wonderful situations, create a suitable environmental atmosphere, arouse students' emotional resonance, and make them have a desire to learn. Music and pictures are wonderful arts that can capture people's hearts. It has inestimable artistic charm and great aesthetic function. An aesthetician can appreciate and appreciate the unique pleasant beauty of music according to his own aesthetic feelings, so as to be edified emotionally, entertained spiritually and sublimated ideologically. Such as teaching "Qinyuanchun? Snow, first of all, use slides or videos to make the vast snow scene in the north into a magnificent picture, so that students can enter the scene from the perspectives of vision, perception and feeling, and feel the distant artistic conception brought by the snow scene.
Remove the picture, let the students close their eyes and concentrate, and then play the tape recording of Shang Xun, let the students construct the picture through words, so that the images left in their minds can be enriched and deepened and enter the artistic conception depicted in the poem. Finally, the lead is: "1In the winter of 936, the great leader Chairman Mao saw this snow scene in Yan 'an and wrote his swan song. This is what we are going to learn today. Snow, let's take a look at how this great man of the century describes the snow scene, expresses his feelings and comments on ancient and modern times. " Another example is teaching the article "Yueyang Tower". I drew two stick figures on the paper, a sunny day and a rainy day. Let the students use their imagination and say the corresponding contents of the text according to the figures, so that the students can quickly enter the learning situation.
Sixth, create a beautiful artistic conception with beautiful poetic language and stimulate students' learning motivation.
Famous poems and sentences are the essence of concentration, and their inner beauty is inexhaustible. When designing the introduction, the proper use of some famous sentences can not only quickly render a poetic and elegant atmosphere, but also create an aesthetic situation of "moving the whole body with one hair", making classroom teaching full of poetic and vivid lyric style, allowing students to accept the influence of beauty, which is not only conducive to Chinese learning itself, but also to the healthy development of students' mind and personality. For example, when teaching "Pear Blossoms in the Post Road", you can use Lu You's poem "Pear Blossoms in the Post Road, Everywhere" as the introduction. As long as you understand the meaning and function of quotation, you can find a breakthrough in learning this article.
Under the guidance of beautiful poetic language, students are brought into the beautiful artistic conception of the text. For example, the introduction of Three Gorges said: "Our great motherland has magnificent mountains and rivers, and countless famous mountains and rivers, like shining treasures, dress up the land of China, attracting generations of people with lofty ideals and literati to fall for it and sing for it. Students who have been to the Three Gorges may admire the wonders of nature because of the cliffs on both sides of the river, or worry about the pollution of human environment because of the white garbage floating on the river. You may go back in time and go back to the past of the Three Gorges to see her true face in history. Let's walk into the Three Gorges of Li Daoyuan. "