With the arrival of summer, drowning accidents also occur frequently. Therefore, I will share with you the knowledge of summer drowning prevention safety education as follows:
Safety knowledge of preventing drowning
Swimming is one of teenagers' favorite sports. However, if you are not prepared, lack safety awareness, panic when you encounter an accident, and you can't save yourself calmly, it is easy to cause drowning casualties.
In order to ensure the safety of swimming and prevent drowning accidents, the following must be done:
1. Don't go swimming alone, and don't go to places that don't know the bottom and water conditions, or places that are dangerous and prone to drowning casualties. Choose a good swimming place and have a clear understanding of the environment of the place, such as whether the reservoir and bathing place are sanitary, whether the water surface is flat, whether there are reefs, undercurrents, weeds and the depth of water.
You must swim under the guidance of someone who is familiar with water. Take care of each other. If a collective organization goes swimming, it is necessary to count the number of people before and after launching and designate lifeguards for safety protection.
Pay attention to your health. People who are prone to cramps in their limbs at ordinary times should not take part in swimming or swim in deep water. Get ready before you go into the water and exercise first. If the water temperature is too low, wash your body with shallow water first, and then go swimming after getting used to the water temperature. Students with dentures should take them off to prevent them from falling into the esophagus or trachea when choking.
4. Be self-aware of your own water, don't be brave after entering the water, don't dive and snorkel rashly, and don't fight with each other to avoid drowning. Don't swim in rapids and whirlpools, let alone drink and swim.
If you suddenly feel unwell during swimming, such as dizziness, nausea, palpitation, shortness of breath and so on. , should immediately go ashore to rest or call for help.
6. In swimming, if you have a calf or leg cramps, don't panic. You can kick or jump hard, massage and cramp, and call your peers for help.
7. When a drowning accident occurs in swimming, the first aid on the spot is urgent, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the most important. After the drowning person is rescued ashore, the vomit, sediment and other impurities in the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal cavity should be removed immediately to keep breathing smooth; The tongue should be pulled out to avoid backward turning and blocking the respiratory tract; Raise the abdomen of the drowning person so that his chest and head droop, or hold his legs, put his abdomen on the rescuer's shoulder, and do the action of walking or jumping to "pour water". Restoring the drowning person's breathing is the key to the success of first aid. Artificial respiration should be carried out immediately, and mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration can be used. At the same time of first aid, you should be sent to the hospital for treatment quickly.
Common sense of drowning and helping others.
Drowning people often have respiratory tract spasm and contraction due to the stimulation of water, or suffocate because of inhaling foreign bodies and silt in water, and have facial edema, bloodshot eyes, foaming at the mouth, cold limbs and other phenomena, so they must be given first aid.
Self-help by drowning
(1) Calm down first. Stay calm after falling into the water. Struggling with your hands up will make your body sink, suffocate and drown.
(2) backstroke reveals the nose. You can take the backstroke with your head up and your back up, so that your nose and mouth can breathe out of the water.
(3) Deep breathing and shallow breathing. Inhale deeply and exhale shallowly.
(4) Relieve "cramp". If a muscle cramps ("cramps"), hold the distal end of the spasmodic limb with your hands and do flexion and extension exercises repeatedly.
(5) save physical strength. Swimmers should pay attention to prevent "cramps" and save their physical strength in the process of saving themselves from falling into the water.
help others
(1) Skillfully use rope poles. After finding the drowning person, you can make full use of on-site equipment, such as ropes, poles, boards, lifebuoys, etc.
(2) Behind the elevator. When you go into the water to save people, you should go around the back of the drowning person or dive into the water, bypass his chest with your hand from his left armpit, then hold his right hand and drag him to the shore by backstroke. You can also grab the armpit behind him and drag him ashore.
(3) prevent scratches. When you go into the water to save people, don't approach from the front to avoid being caught and hugged by the drowning person. If you are held, you have to let go and sink, and the drowning person will let go.
(4) Be careful when entering the water. Rescuers are not familiar with the water or do not know the water situation at the scene, so don't go into the water easily. They should call for help or call the police. Minors should not go into the water to save people.
On-site first aid
(1) water control. Keep the drowning person's head low and feet high, pour out the accumulated water in the respiratory tract and relieve the airway obstruction. If there is dirt such as sediment in the mouth and nose of the drowning person, it should be removed quickly.
Water control method: the rescuer kneels on one leg and the other leg, so that the drowning person can lie prone, put his abdomen on the rescuer's knee to make his head droop, and then press the drowning person's back to urge him to spit out the water in his abdomen and lungs. This process should be completed as soon as possible.
(2) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. After controlling the water treatment, let the drowning person lie on his back and immediately carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation. If stagnant water and dirt do not cause respiratory tract obstruction, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be directly implemented. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation should race against time, don't wait for the heartbeat and breathing to stop.
(3) continuous rescue. The drowning person's breathing and heartbeat may stop again after short-term recovery, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be continued until professional ambulance personnel arrive.
(4) Lie on your side to keep warm. Take off the wet clothes of the drowning person, keep him warm with clean clothes, and take a lateral position, or tilt the drowning person's head to one side to facilitate the drainage of vomit and prevent the tongue from falling backwards and blocking the airway.
Expand knowledge:
Four Don 'ts and Six Don 'ts to Prevent Drowning
Do not go swimming without your parents;
Don't swim in waters without warning signs;
Don't swim in unsafe places and wild water sources;
Don't play near the water source on the way to and from school and during holidays.
Students are not allowed to swim in the river without permission;
Don't swim with others without authorization;
Students are not allowed to swim without their parents or teachers;
Students are not allowed to swim in waters without safety facilities and ambulance personnel;
Don't swim in unfamiliar waters;
Students who can't swim are not allowed to go into the water to save themselves.
Self-rescue method in drowning
Don't panic, find someone around you calling for help immediately;
Relax all over, let your body float on the water, head out of the water, kick the water with your feet to prevent physical loss and wait for rescue;
When the body sinks, you can press your palm down;
If you suddenly cramp in the water and can't get ashore, call for help immediately. If there is no one around, you can take a deep breath and dive into the water, straighten your cramped legs and pull your toes up with your hands to relieve cramps.
Rescue methods when someone is found drowning.
You can throw lifebuoys, bamboo poles, boards and other things at the drowning person, and then drag them to the shore; If there is no rescue equipment, you can enter the water for direct rescue. When approaching a drowning person, turn his hips, turn his back to himself, and then pull him up. Side stroke or backstroke towing is usually used for towing.
Special emphasis: if minors find someone drowning and cannot rush into the water to rescue them, they should immediately call for help or use life-saving equipment to rescue them, and they are not encouraged to go into the water to rescue them.
Under what circumstances is it not suitable for swimming?
It is unwise to go swimming alone.
People who are physically ill should not go swimming, patients with chronic diseases such as otitis media, dermatosis, liver and kidney, heart disease and eye disease, and those who have a cold, fever, mental fatigue and physical weakness should not go swimming, so as not to aggravate their illness and cause accidents.
Don't jump into the water to swim immediately after taking part in strong physical labor or strenuous exercise, otherwise it will easily cause cramps, colds and other diseases.
Polluted waters, rivers and lakes with unknown water conditions are not suitable for swimming.
It is also not suitable for swimming in bad weather such as thunderstorms, strong winds and sudden weather changes.
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