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What are the similarities and differences between the basic ideas of reformists and westernizers?
Westernization school and early reform thought were born under the background of internal troubles and foreign invasion, each with its own characteristics. After 1860, in the process of suppressing the revolution of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom jointly by China and foreign countries, the Westernization School, which advocated learning from foreign countries to maintain the crumbling feudal rule, gradually formed in the feudal group of the Qing Dynasty. "Westernization is a political faction, not an economic faction or group. As a political faction, its class foundation, from the main aspects, was comprador feudal bureaucrats and feudal bureaucrats in the early stage, and later extended to the bureaucratic comprador bourgeoisie and some national bourgeoisie. This part of the national bourgeoisie is only a temporary follower of westernization activities. Their purpose of participating in private enterprises is not consistent with that of westernization. They are not westernization, and they soon parted ways with the westernization movement. " . Wang Chengren not only demonstrated the class attribute of the Westernization School in the early and late period, but also saw the difference between the Westernization School and the early reformists from the class composition. With the rise of China's national capitalist economy and the emergence of China's national bourgeoisie, in the 1980s and 1990s of 19, there appeared an early reform trend in China, which demanded resisting foreign capitalist aggression, developing nationalist industry and commerce and adopting western political system. In this context, the early reformists stepped onto the historical stage. "Some thoughts are related to some economic relations and class relations". Indeed, the westernization trend of thought was influenced by comprador and feudal bureaucrats, and the early reform trend of thought was influenced by what kind of class the national bourgeoisie in China was, which in turn confirmed what kind of class foundation it was. Neither the Westernization School nor the Early Reformers will go beyond their own class categories. Of course, it is undeniable that many members of the Westernization School have capitalist tendencies, including landlords with capitalist tendencies. But westernization does not mean engaging in capitalist activities. The purpose of westernization is to maintain feudal rule and then ensure their own status and social status. Source: Chinese version of Huaxia Geography