On Family Education of Preschool Children (I)
Strategic analysis of preschool education problems
It can be said that preschool education is a basic education in the process of life development and a very important part of China's education system. However, according to the present situation of preschool education in China, there are still some problems, so this paper analyzes some problems existing in preschool education in China at this stage from the main role of preschool education and puts forward some solutions.
Keywords: preschool education; Educational issues; tactics
First, the main role of preschool education in society and the country
1, improve the overall quality of the people
In other words, preschool education is an important period to cultivate children's behavior habits and moral awareness, and children are the future of society. Therefore, it can also be explained from this point that this period is also an important period for cultivating quality. The education and edification they received in childhood laid a solid foundation for their growth and good quality in adulthood.
2. Preschool education is an important investment in human resources.
With the development of the times, what modern society needs most is to innovate and explore talents, so that our country can have strong competitiveness. Pedagogy, psychology, etc. There are also explanations in these related information. At this stage, it is still very plastic. The brain reacts very quickly in this period, which is also a crucial period to cultivate children's language ability and perception ability. Their curiosity and desire are very strong in this period. During this period, children can be guided to learn some scientific and appropriate education and guidance, so that they can develop their potential and be cultivated in the future.
3. Preschool education is conducive to promoting social equity.
Through relevant practical research, we can see that the social government has begun to compensate preschool education. Because the government's economic support and promotion of pre-school education promotes social equity, and because the government's support for society helps to alleviate the obvious improvement and help for poor families. Many children whose parents have low educational level and poor family economic status can receive compensatory preschool education. It can help them achieve more benign development in language, cognition and sociality, thus increasing their chances of subsequent success, breaking the vicious circle of poverty and achieving social equity to a greater extent.
4. Preschool education is conducive to reducing the crime rate.
Preschool education is a very important stage for children to face social development. Appropriate and scientific education is very effective in promoting children's self-control, communication ability, cooperation ability, sense of responsibility, self-confidence and love, and is very effective in cultivating children's good quality. It is also very important and beneficial to have a good development of preschool education in our country at this stage through the above articles. For example, children's emotional communication, development support and caring interaction in a very harsh environment are easy to show the opposite personality, which will also have a certain impact on their social stability as adults.
Second, China's pre-school education problems
1, the government's responsibility in preschool education is vague.
Preschool education is a very important basic education in China, but in recent years, preschool education in China has deviated more and more from its position in the education law. In today's society, many kindergartens have been pushed into market-oriented operation, which has brought a strong interest concept to preschool education, because as a result of this marketization, many rural children can't attend kindergartens because of family poverty, and the national preschool gross enrollment rate is less than 50%. In addition, some leaders in the education department are not aware of the role and position of preschool education in the development of education. In today's society, we seriously lack the awareness of paying attention to children's preschool education, and preschool education is not mentioned in the regional education development plan, so the development of preschool education lacks the guarantee of system and policy.
2. The value and purpose of preschool education are vague.
Managerialism prevails in the field of educational management, emphasizing and paying attention to instrumental rationality and technical rationality, while ignoring moral value and purpose rationality. Relatively speaking, the ultimate goal of preschool education management in China at this stage is still to be effective and helpful to China's education, and the management process is simplified into modular management techniques and procedures, while educators lack criticism and reflection on their own behavioral values in practice. At present, China is implementing the management and investment of preschool education, and many managerialism lacks an ethical perspective and no longer pursues moral values.
3. The fairness of preschool education is increasingly prominent.
Obviously, the quality of preschool education is very important, but if it is overemphasized, it will bring a series of educational equity problems. To promote the so-called? Is that correct? Educational concept, the so-called? High quality? Preschool institutions came into being, and governments at all levels also invested most of their educational resources? High quality? Preschool institutions, still counting on these? High quality? Institutions can promote the development and improvement of the overall quality of preschool education. The fairness of preschool education is reflected in the following aspects:
(1) The distribution of educational resources is unfair. At present, China's investment in preschool education is relatively low, but overall, the mismatch of educational resources in China does not provide sufficient and favorable minimum guarantee for public funds for preschool education. At present, the funds for preschool education in China only account for about 0.0 1 of the public education funds. The national investment in preschool education has always been a decentralized system with a low center of gravity. However, the local government in China has taken on great responsibility and investment in preschool education funds. Therefore, many pre-school education institutions are funded by townships and rural grass-roots units, so that children can better cultivate their quality, while the central finance and upgrading finance invest relatively little in pre-school education institutions.
(2) As far as the current situation is concerned, the professional level of preschool teachers is different. Some time ago, a kindergarten teacher in Jiangsu burned a child's face with an iron, which shows how poor the quality of kindergarten teachers in our country is.
Third, strategies to improve preschool education
1, repositioning preschool education.
The most important feature of market economy society is that the market is the basis of resource allocation, which is completely different from the feature that the government is the main body of resource allocation under the planned economy system. Therefore, the pre-school education mentioned above in which the government and the market jointly allocate resources, its product attributes determine its position in the market economy environment.
2. Re-examine the position of the government and education departments.
First of all, it is necessary to effectively transform government functions and clarify what the government should do. What is the national policy goal of developing preschool education? Can provide equal educational opportunities for every child who receives preschool education? Based on.
The government should increase investment in preschool education.
Through a series of questions about preschool education mentioned in the above article, preschool education is a profitable public product, while preschool education is not profitable. Therefore, our government must provide some financial subsidies for preschool education and other issues, which will help promote children's good physical and mental development, balance and rationalize their own resources, and assume the basic responsibility of preschool education, which is also the most basic condition for realizing preschool education. (Author: School of Preschool and Primary Education, Shenyang Normal University)
References:
[1] Dongguan Education Bureau: Integrating resources to accelerate the development of preschool education, Education Guide, 20 10(5).
[2] Wei Yao, Xing Chun 'e: Theoretical Basis of Preschool Education Equity, Preschool Education Research, 20 1 1( 1).
[3] Hou Limin: Embarrassment from the Perspective of Education Equity, Early Education, 20 10( 1).
On the Family Education of Preschool Children (Ⅱ)
Problems and Countermeasures of Family Education for Preschool Children
Abstract: With the progress of society, the increasingly fierce competition makes people gradually realize the importance of preschool education, and the requirements for preschool education are getting higher and higher. Family education is applied in this context. As an important supplement to preschool education, it has achieved good practical results. Family education of preschool children refers to the education and influence exerted by parents (mainly parents or other elders) on preschool children in family life. Family is the first environment that children come into contact with, which will leave an indelible mark on the formation of children's character. By analyzing the problems existing in preschool children's family education, this paper puts forward the ways and strategies to strengthen preschool children's family education, so that preschool children's family education can be effectively implemented.
Keywords: family education; Problems; Countermeasures
Family education is the initial education received by preschool children, and its purpose is to promote children's all-round development, which is fundamental and fundamental for children. When a child is born, he faces a brand-new external world. Compared with the complicated outside world, children are like a blank sheet of paper. Family education is just painting the original color on this white paper, and the basic role of family education in the development of preschool children is very critical.
First, the problems of preschool children's family education today
(A) the quality of parents is generally low.
The cultural and moral quality of parents has a great influence on the whole family activities and family education, and is an important factor to determine the quality of family education. The level of parents' cultural and moral quality determines their knowledge level, moral cultivation, emphasis on early education and the application of family education methods. At the same time, parents, as role models for their children, should earnestly improve their moral cultivation, try to correct their bad behaviors, and try to make themselves a positive role model for their children to learn.
(B) Parents' misunderstanding of educational concepts
Some parents regard the completion of children's development as a natural mature process determined by genetic factors, and think that parents have no role in children's development. In the actual implementation of education, such parents are often too passive and indifferent, ignoring their role in children's development and education, and often taking a laissez-faire attitude, or thinking that I am not a teacher and don't know how to educate, so we only care about having children and raising them. As for teaching children, that's a school matter. This is a kind of? Only raise and not teach? This is an extremely irresponsible and shirking responsibility. There are also some parents who have high expectations for their children. Adoption? Autocracy? Educational methods, such parents are too demanding, too demanding and strict with their children; Some have low expectations for their children. Adoption? Neglect type? A new way of education, parents turn a blind eye to their children's actions and let them develop.
(C) the lack of correct guidance for parents' education methods
In today's society, the most common parents are doting parents, who always take children as the center in family education. They regard their children as the apple of their eyes and adopt an educational method of eternal love and excessive love. In daily life, they protect everywhere and try their best to keep their children alive? Clothes to reach out, rice to mouth? Life. Secondly, laissez-faire is also common in real life. Because of their busy work, they have no time to take care of their children. Such parents take a laissez-faire attitude towards their children. They often ignore the existence of children and take the practice of letting them develop, regardless of their strengths, progress, shortcomings and failures, they don't pay attention or respond. In addition, authoritarian parents often think that their views and ideas are right, they are too strict with their children, the language and methods of educating their children are too simple, and their solution to the mistakes made by their children is often beating and cursing.
Second, preschool children's family education countermeasures
(A) improve the quality of parents
First of all, parents should strengthen the cultivation of political thought and moral quality. The quality of parents affects children all the time. Parents' strong enterprising spirit, positive attitude towards life, upright character and broad mind will become the standard and basis for children's moral behavior and ideological evaluation, and also the foundation and foundation for teaching children well. Secondly, parents must study hard and master some knowledge of literature, history, language, education, health and nutrition. We should not only actively help children learn and teach them scientific methods, but also give satisfactory and correct answers to some basic questions and common sense raised by children. If a child asks his parents three questions, or makes an intellectual mistake in answering them, it will be detrimental to his study and success. Finally, parents' words, behaviors and appearances are inner expressions and concrete manifestations of ideological and cultural qualities. Parents should pay great attention to their words and deeds and appearance.
(B) establish a correct concept of education
1, establish a scientific view of children
The specific contents of the correct and scientific view of children include: children are human beings, but not adults, not simple copies of adults; Every child is an independent individual with a unique personality; Children have great development potential and are constantly developing. Education should follow the law of children's development. Children are the main body of their own development and have subjective initiative; Children's development is the result of multi-level interaction among biological heredity, environment, society, education and children themselves. Children develop through activities, and games are the main activities of preschool children, which adults should respect and cherish; Children should be fully developed, and all aspects of physical and mental development are a unified whole; Wait a minute.
2. Establish a scientific concept of education
Guide parents to establish a scientific concept of education, set reasonable expectations for their children, and then set reasonable training goals suitable for children's characteristics, development level and interest needs. Finally, by taking advantage of the situation, children's development can be promoted on the basis of their own development level. Specifically, the scientific concept of education includes: respecting children's instincts, interests and needs; Pay attention to the natural rate, law and level of children's development; Implementing the education of children's all-round development; Different from person to person, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude; Recognize that children are the main body of learning; Education is included in activities, and games are the leading activities; Wait a minute.
(C) adopt the correct way of parental education
In today's society, the most appropriate way is democratic family education, which is positive. This type of parents always treat their children with a democratic and equal attitude, showing calm enthusiasm and restrained love. They can fully understand children's interests and demands, often provide children with sufficient and effective information, and set an example to guide children to make their own choices and decisions. They respect their children's ideas and let them freely express their thoughts and wishes. They are not too strict with their children, but they are not particularly fond of them. Praise them and criticize them. They control them at will and don't let them go by themselves. Their love for children can always be properly grasped. In the family, children and parents are friends and have equal status. They can communicate with each other and correct each other. Parents regard their children as independent people and give them equal rights and obligations. Children can choose what they want to learn according to their hobbies. Parents give positive affirmation to their children's progress, while they can give reasonable encouragement to their children's setbacks.
Family education for preschool children will have an important impact on children's life, and it is an irreplaceable educational form for other educational methods (kindergarten education and school education). The practical effect of family education on children and society is incomparable with other educational methods. Therefore, parents must attach great importance to children's family education, combine it with kindergarten education, establish correct educational concepts and adopt correct educational methods, so that children can grow up healthily in a good family education environment.
References:
[1] Ding: Family Education for Preschool Children, Science Press, 2007.
[2] Li Chaoan: "Talking about the Family Education of Preschool Children", National Defense Education Network of School Physical Education, 20 12.
[3] Li Zhong: "Thoughts on Family Education Strategies for Preschool Children", Jiangxi Teachers Network, 20 12.