As we all know, most officials in modern society end with "long". For example, regional official positions can be divided into townships, mayors, county heads, mayors and governors, and the functional levels are called directors, directors, directors and ministers. Although great changes have taken place in ancient society and modern society, some things done by officials are still the same. So what are the positions of officials and departments in ancient times? Today, let's take the Tang Dynasty as an example. Following the official position of Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty established the system of three provinces and six departments. The main institutions are three provinces, six departments, one station, five prisons and nine temples. Prime Minister: Commanding all officials, equivalent to the current Premier the State Council. Wei Zhi, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, Qiu, Situ and Sikong were all nominal and had no real power in the Tang Dynasty. This is the first mate in charge of military affairs, civil affairs and fortifications respectively. Third Division: Taishi, Taifu, Taibao, generally assisting the official position of the prince or emperor, with no real power, and more titles. Zhongshu Province, Xiamen Province and Shangshu Province: These three provinces are equivalent to the leaders in the State Council. The main officials are Zhongshu Order, Shangshu Order, Shi Zhong, and Tongzhong Shumen Pingzhang. These officials are equivalent to prime ministers. In different periods of the Tang Dynasty, different provincial leaders served as chief prime ministers. Official department: the first of the six departments, responsible for the election, commendation and examination of civil servants nationwide. The chief officer is the official department minister, and there are two assistant ministers. It is equivalent to the modern human resources department. Du Ruhui, Minister of Personnel in the Tang Dynasty, was in charge of land, taxation and household registration. The chief executive is called the Minister of Household Affairs, which is equivalent to the current Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Finance. Ritual department: in charge of the ritual system of the Five Rites and the law of school tribute, the chief is the Minister of Ritual Department, which is equivalent to the current Ministry of Education, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Culture. Ministry of War: in charge of the selection of military officers, military registration, ordnance and military orders, with the Minister of War as the chief, equivalent to the current Ministry of National Defense. In the Tang Dynasty, Hou, Minister of National Defense, was in charge of the Ministry of Punishment: in charge of laws and regulations, criminal law, exile and punishment, and the chief minister was Shangshu of the Ministry of Punishment, equivalent to the current Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Public Security. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: In charge of construction projects, the chief is Shangshu of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, which is equivalent to the current Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Water Resources. Yushitai: the central supervision structure, with Yushi as the main official and Yushi as the deputy, leads Yushi, serves Yushi in the temple and supervises Yushi, which is equivalent to the current procuratorate, and Yushi is the chief procurator. Imperial academy: The highest institution of higher learning and educational administration, equivalent to the combination of Tsinghua Peking University and the Ministry of Education. Shaofu supervisor: in charge of various skills, somewhat similar to the nature of the Ministry of Industry. Director: In charge of the palace building, the production of precious vessels such as jade, pearls and rhinoceros, the embroidery of gauze and satin, and the official offices built with various special tools, which is equivalent to the supervision of military equipment such as central office supplies; in charge of the construction and repair of weapons, which is equivalent to the management of military supplies now. Du Shuijian: Zhanghe, Jinliang, Yan Di and other affairs are equivalent to the current Ministry of Water Resources. Dali Temple: In charge of the trial of criminal prison cases, the chief official is called the Minister of Dali Temple, ranking among the nine ministers, which is equivalent to the modern Supreme Court. Sinong Temple: in charge of grain storage, granary management and rice supply, which is equivalent to being in charge of the state treasury now. Taichang Temple: the highest administrative organ in charge of rites and music, similar in nature to Ritual Department; Guanglu Temple is responsible for sacrificial ceremonies, court meetings, rural banquets and meals; Weiwei Temple is similar in nature to Ritual Department, managing sacrificial ceremonies such as military equipment and tents. Zongzheng Temple: It manages the genealogy of the royal family, clans and consorts, and guards the royal family. The present Bureau of Religious Affairs is somewhat imaginative in nature. Taibu Temple: The minister of Taibu Temple is in charge of the chariot and horse orders in Mu Zhi, and always takes charge of the animal husbandry supervisors such as the Fourth Yellow River Division, Dianstables, Dianmu and Chefu, similar to the current Ministry of Communications. Split Temple: The ceremony of going to court, guests, good or bad luck, which is somewhat similar to the nature of the ritual department. Taifu Hall: the national depository and cashier institution for gold, silk and grain, which is equivalent to being in charge of the national treasury now. Imperial army: an army that guards the emperor or the palace and the capital, equivalent to the modern "gendarmerie" or security forces. State (county): local administrative organs, equivalent to the current municipalities or provinces. The highest official is the secretary of the provincial party Committee. Liu Cao: Sigong, Sicang, Hu Si, Sibing, Justice and Shi Si were in charge of construction, warehouse, household registration finance, military affairs, criminal law, corvee and natural development respectively, which were equivalent to the functional departments set up by various central departments in ancient times and had the same nature as the directors below the provincial level. County: it is the same as the current county and city level, and the highest official is Xian Cheng, which is the same as the current county magistrate and mayor.