Rural preschool education Part I: Research on rural preschool education.
Children are the future and hope of the motherland. But in rural areas, many children can't receive preschool education well. So how can rural children better receive early childhood education? Next, the teacher studies this.
First, the reasons why rural children can not receive early childhood education well
(1) In Tongwei, a poverty-stricken county in China, poor rural economic conditions caused a serious shortage of education funds, and some rural children did not receive the corresponding preschool education. If the situation is better, I will study with the local primary school for several years, which will lead to the children's intellectual development. (2) The level of running a garden is generally not high. In every township and kindergarten, the facilities are not perfect and the teachers are not professional enough, resulting in an education that is not suitable for children's physical and mental development. (3) There are great differences in the level of preschool teachers in rural areas, and the qualifications and majors of teachers are unqualified. Because most government agencies recruit and supplement primary and secondary school teachers every year, they ignore preschool teachers, while most preschool teachers in rural areas are substitute teachers and lack teaching experience, which leads to the failure to improve the quality of preschool education. (4) Family education and kindergarten teaching goals can't keep up. Nowadays, in many families, grandparents and parents share the responsibility of raising children, and there are inevitably some differences in the ways and means of educating children. At the same time, parents in rural areas have a low education level and insufficient understanding of early childhood education and its importance.
Second, put forward corresponding measures to solve the above problems.
(1) Increase investment in rural kindergartens and strive to change the educational status of rural kindergartens. Due to the insufficient investment in rural preschool education, rural preschool education is seriously unbalanced, which makes the teaching quality in compulsory education difficult to recover. Therefore, the government and education authorities should increase investment, strive to improve the infrastructure construction of rural kindergartens and promote the development of rural preschool education.
(2) Strive to improve the quality of rural kindergartens, which is related to the development of quality education in China. At present, in order to meet the requirements of parents, some kindergartens offer some courses similar to those of primary schools, such as pinyin, writing, English and mathematics. At the same time, it also deviates from the educational goals and requirements of early childhood education in terms of teaching forms and methods and routine management. In view of this situation, we should attach great importance to the cultivation of preschool teachers' professional ability and correct it in time. Pull out the seedlings and encourage them? This kind of education also gives children a pure, healthy and interesting childhood.
(3) To improve the level of preschool teachers, we should start with the root causes. At present, the current situation of rural education only pays attention to primary and secondary education, the rate of entering senior high school entrance examination and the quality of junior high school entrance examination, but ignores the importance of early childhood education. At present, only a few teachers in rural kindergartens have graduated from regular kindergarten education, which greatly limits their ability to educate young children. Therefore, the government should strengthen the training of preschool teachers in the annual teacher training, and solve the shortage of preschool teachers in rural areas from the root.
(4) Get out of the misunderstanding of inconsistency between kindergarten education and family education with parents. Because parents now pay special attention to children's education, their understanding of family education and kindergarten education is not in place. Therefore, kindergarten teachers should guide parents, let family education run through family daily work and life, and let family members related to children take on the responsibility of educating children. Because every educational activity in kindergarten has a clear teaching task and goal, as a kindergarten teacher, we should organize various forms of educational activities step by step, including guiding children to actively participate in activities. Due to the different education levels of family members, the effect of family education is doomed to be inconsistent with that of kindergarten education. Therefore, it is not advisable for parents to deliberately pursue the consistency of education, and it is feasible to appropriately continue the education of young children in school. Therefore, parents should actively cooperate with teachers, communicate with teachers in time about their children's performance in kindergartens, and achieve the unity of home and school.
(5) Guide parents to correctly understand early education and implement early education for children in time. Some parents can't really understand the true meaning of the word early education. First, there are no conditions for early childhood education. Second, the understanding is not in place. Therefore, whether a parent can correctly treat early childhood education will directly affect the healthy growth of young children.
(6) Improve kindergarten infrastructure, improve teachers' safety awareness, and put an end to safety accidents. Children are the future of every family and the hope of the motherland. In recent years, all kinds of accidental injuries and deaths of children are common. In order to prevent such incidents from happening again, teachers should always be aware of safety. Therefore, before carrying out teaching activities, teachers should carefully check the scope and venue of children's activities and toys and other facilities in advance to eliminate unsafe factors. In activities, teachers should pay attention to children's activities, stop them in time, correct their bad habits and behaviors in time, listen to their conversations, and guide them in time when problems are found. In addition, for the safety and health of young children, the education department should check and update all kinds of activity facilities in each kindergarten in time.
Three. Concluding remarks
In a word, the government should increase investment in rural kindergartens, strengthen the training of teachers specializing in early childhood education, and attach importance to the publicity of early family education and the construction of kindergartens. As a preschool teacher, we should water the flowers of the motherland with our whole heart, so that rural children can better receive preschool education.
Author: Wang Liyan Unit: No.2 Kindergarten in Tongwei County, Gansu Province.
The second part of rural preschool education: measures to promote the development of rural preschool education.
1 Present situation of rural preschool education
In recent years, the state has increased its investment in compulsory education, and the gap between rural primary and secondary schools and urban primary and secondary schools has been narrowing, effectively promoting educational equity. However, the rural preschool education shows a serious lag, which directly affects the overall improvement of the quality of rural compulsory education. At present, although some towns and villages have conducted in-depth investigations on preschool education, and a lot of work has been done in various places in terms of software and hardware facilities, teaching concepts, management ideas and teaching methods, there are still many problems that are difficult to solve. The survey shows that rural parents' understanding of early childhood education has generally improved, and their requirements for early childhood education are getting higher and higher. Parents with better economic conditions in rural areas mostly try their best to get their children into real kindergartens in cities. Parents of children in rural mountainous areas always think that the preschool classes in market towns are better than those in primary schools in mountainous areas, and most of them rent or buy houses in market towns to take care of their children's schooling, which also causes the preschool classes in market towns to be overcrowded and overloaded.
2 Analysis of the causes of problems in the development of rural preschool education
2. 1 The funds for preschool education in rural areas are seriously insufficient.
In China, only about 1.3% of public education funds are used for preschool education, and most of these funds flow to urban kindergartens, leaving little funds for rural kindergartens. The shortage of funds makes the hardware facilities and teachers of rural preschool education very weak. In some poverty-stricken areas, due to extremely low wages, the pre-school teachers who are already stretched have lost to the township kindergartens with relatively good treatment. Similarly, due to the lack of funds, many rural kindergartens often have to be affiliated with primary schools with relatively sufficient funds, which has become a reality? Elementary school preschool? Or? Elementary school preparatory class? , thus losing the characteristics of preschool education.
2.2 The concept of early childhood education has not been widely accepted.
In cities, the targeted preschool education concept of school-age children is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people; People's universal attention to early childhood education will inevitably promote the general improvement of the quality of early childhood education in cities. However, due to the relatively backward economic development, large population, low per capita GDP, low education level of farmers and insufficient understanding of the importance of early childhood education, it is difficult to form a sense of identity like that of cities. At the same time, due to the pressure of popularizing nine-year compulsory education, the county and township education departments do not understand the significance of developing rural early childhood education, so they lack the government behavior of attaching importance to rural early childhood education. Rural kindergartens have to give priority to boring formal education such as reading, writing and arithmetic, and children's game education and personality cultivation, especially creativity, are pale and powerless.
2.3 Early childhood education related laws and regulations system is not perfect.
So far, China has not yet formed laws and regulations to guide rural preschool education. Vacuum? It puts rural preschool education in a very embarrassing situation: on the one hand, people urgently need to develop preschool education; On the other hand, rural preschool education lacks corresponding institutional guarantee. This situation makes the allocation of funds and personnel not supported by laws and regulations, and it is difficult to allocate resources effectively in policy.
3 Countermeasures to promote the development of rural preschool education
3. 1 Highlight rural characteristics and make children's teaching content closer to rural children's lives. In the process of preschool education, I think rural kindergartens should make full use of rural natural resources, such as soil, cotton, straw, stones and so on. Kindergarten teachers should design the environment with children, collect all kinds of natural objects and non-toxic waste, make teaching AIDS and toys themselves, and decorate the teaching environment; Make full use of the diversity of resources brought about by seasonal changes, or pick wild flowers, or pull out reed ears, or insert rice stalks to create a variety of children's favorite items; Lead children to get close to nature, know nature, care for nature and live in harmony with nature, so that children's teaching content is closer to the lives of rural children.
3.2 Take various forms to improve the hardware level of rural preschool education. The government should play a leading role, increase investment support for rural preschool education, improve the infrastructure of various education, conservation and game activities in rural kindergartens, and provide sufficient material guarantee for the effective development of preschool education. In addition, under the premise of ensuring the public welfare of early childhood education, we should establish an effective incentive mechanism and make overall plans to strive for more social funds to flow to rural early childhood education.
3.3 It is very important to strengthen the construction of rural preschool teachers, which plays an important role in the healthy growth of children. Therefore, strengthening the construction of rural preschool teachers is the basis and key to improve rural preschool education. Among them, the urgent task is to improve the treatment of rural preschool teachers, protect their legitimate rights and interests, and stabilize and establish a team of high-quality rural preschool teachers. In order to stabilize the problem of heavy workload, low wage income and serious wage arrears of rural preschool teachers, the education authorities should equip teachers and set up classes according to national standards, formulate the minimum income control line for rural preschool teachers, and incorporate it into social security systems such as medical care, unemployment and pension, so as to protect their legitimate rights and interests and stimulate their enthusiasm for teaching.
Rural Preschool Education Paper III: Problems and Thinking of Rural Preschool Education
Abstract: Early childhood education is the foundation of future education and the starting line of life. However, due to the unbalanced regional development of education in China, rural education obviously lags behind urban education, and rural preschool education teachers are not strong, which makes rural preschool education lag behind urban preschool education and forms a vicious circle, which is not conducive to the development of rural preschool education. In view of the above problems in preschool education, this paper puts forward corresponding ideas in order to improve the efficiency of preschool education in rural areas.
Keywords: rural preschool education; Problem analysis; practical experience
First, the importance of early childhood education in rural areas
Early childhood is a critical period for children's life growth and development. Children in early childhood are like a blank sheet of paper, clean and pure, mainly depending on how teachers and parents educate them, so that this blank sheet of paper can be painted with gorgeous colors and become a beautiful picture. In early childhood, children's potential is unlimited, so good preschool education and good preschool teachers are of great significance to rural preschool education.
Second, the current problems in rural preschool education
1. Insufficient government support and weak teachers.
Due to the backward development of rural economy, all the good teachers stay in cities with more room for development when allocating teachers' resources. Only a few private teachers or teachers with low academic qualifications teach in rural areas, and the number is small. It often happens that a teacher takes several courses and subjects. Due to teachers' low academic qualifications, no competitive pressure, laziness in preparing lessons, low professional quality, it is difficult to guarantee the quality of teaching, and there is no way to guarantee the safety of kindergarten education for children, which leads to the decrease of rural students and a vicious circle.
2. The conditions of preschool education are very simple, aren't they? Elementary school? trend
The teaching conditions in rural children's teaching are simple, and urban kindergartens mostly use multimedia teaching. Moreover, in order to improve their children's academic performance in the future, parents require their children to learn the cultural knowledge of primary schools in early childhood, such as addition and subtraction within ten, English letters, Chinese characters and so on. , so that children spend their early childhood listening, speaking, reading and writing, losing their freedom and happiness in early childhood. The teaching of rural children also does not attach importance to the cultivation of children's thinking creativity and team communication ability. The government does not pay attention to it, the teachers are too lazy, the teaching equipment is not perfect and the teaching quality is too poor, which leads to the teaching of rural children getting worse and worse.
3. Parents' educational level is low, so they can't actively cooperate with preschool education.
The healthy growth of children is inseparable from the teaching of parents and teachers, and from a good family education environment. However, parents with low education level can't have a good understanding of early childhood education, and will not actively cooperate with or even hinder various activities implemented by kindergartens; Children can't get a good education in their daily life, so that they can't form good behavior habits and quality cultivation; Even some parents go out to work in pursuit of better economic conditions, leaving their children behind and living with their grandparents. Because grandparents dote on children, children can't be taken care of by their parents, their potential can't be developed, and their personality becomes introverted and inferior.
4. The kindergarten management system is not perfect
Due to the lack of funds for kindergarten education, teachers usually take several classes alone and take care of the children's lives. The management mechanism is chaotic, and the safety of children is not guaranteed. There is no unified standard for children's education methods, and education and teaching are chaotic, which is not conducive to the healthy development of children's body and mind.
Third, some thoughts on the problems existing in rural preschool education
1. Establish a perfect teaching management mechanism for rural children.
So-called? If you don't follow the rules, you can't go around. ? Kindergartens should formulate a series of management mechanisms according to local conditions, including teaching methods, safety management measures for young children, and management mechanisms for faculty and staff. Let the children's teaching have rules to follow. Follow the relevant provisions of the state on preschool education and conscientiously implement them, and gradually get rid of them? Nanny style? The new teaching mode implements quality education for children, cultivates their practical ability, unique creative thinking ability and independent attitude towards life, provides a good and healthy learning and living environment for rural children, tracks their development in all aspects, finds out their interests and specialties and cultivates them. Strengthen teachers' awareness of safety management and make it personalized. In order to ensure the safety of children, we must do a good job of going in and out of school every day, inform parents in time if there are problems, strengthen safety precautions and ensure the safety of children.
2. Training preschool teachers to improve the quality of professional teaching.
Kindergarten teachers play an important role in training and educating children, and have an important influence on children's morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor. However, today's rural preschool teachers have low academic qualifications and professional quality, and there is still a big gap from the educational level required by modernization. In order to make children have a happy and healthy childhood, the professional teaching quality of preschool teachers must pass the test. Therefore, preschool teachers must be trained to cultivate their love and sense of responsibility for their work, as well as their care and patience for young children.
3. Implement family interaction to improve parents' attention to early childhood education.
Kindergartens should instill in parents the importance of early childhood education, strengthen parents' attention to early childhood education, implement home interaction, let parents participate in early childhood teaching, and find more suitable ways and means for early childhood education.
The government should pay more attention to rural preschool education.
Rural economic living standards are relatively backward. For the future of our motherland and children, the government should increase investment in rural education and teaching, including rural preschool education, improve various educational and teaching equipment and increase multimedia equipment. New government regulations: From the spring semester of 20 17, students in urban and rural compulsory education (including students from private schools) will be exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees, textbooks will be provided free of charge, and the living expenses of boarding students with financial difficulties will be subsidized. The government will invest more than 654.38+0.5 billion yuan to solve the problem of difficult schooling for rural children and strengthen support for rural education and teaching. In a word, rural children's education is an important part of China's education development. In order to make rural children develop in an all-round way and create a bright future, we must attach importance to children's teaching and win a bright future for these rural children!
Author: Yang Xiaoyan Unit: Dongba Town Central Kindergarten, Minqin County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province
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