The first experiment in the history of New China was set up in the "Provincial Experimental Middle School" in Jinan. In June 1949 165438, it was renamed as Experimental Middle School (formerly known as Middle School Affiliated to East China University), becoming the first experimental school in the history of new China.
Let's count the famous people in the Republic of China, such as Cai Yuanpei, Tao Xingzhi, Hu Shi, Lu Xun, Cao Yu, Ye Shengtao and Lao She ... They all devoted themselves to education. The Republic of China is an era rich in educating everyone.
19 19. In the early period of the May 4th Movement, there were more than 50,000 public schools with 4.5 million students, which was three times higher than that of nine years ago. At the same time, however, due to the weak domestic industrial base and the turbulent situation, it is increasingly difficult for graduates to find jobs.
At that time, there were three ideal jobs for graduates: being a teacher, being a government civil servant, or being an editor in a cultural publishing institution. Generally speaking, finding a teaching position on campus is a decent and stable job. Therefore, many graduates take the attitude of teaching and educating people. It also includes a group of international students who have returned to China after their studies, including many stars. It was they who injected brand-new blood into the education of the Republic of China and brought the first experimental upsurge in the education history of China.
However, during the May 4th Movement, the whole society was undergoing a baptism of democracy and science, and schools were no exception. Dewey, an American experimental educator, was the most respected figure in the education field at that time.
In education, Dewey advocates that children should "learn by doing" instead of relying solely on rote memorization and logical deduction. In order to test his teaching philosophy, he even founded an experimental school at the University of Chicago.
Dewey gained a large number of fans in China. Those educators of the Republic of China we are familiar with-Cai Yuanpei, Tao Xingzhi, Hu Shi, etc.-either learn from Dewey or admire Dewey's thoughts.
Therefore, in this "Dewey fever" trend, under the leadership of these educators, the first batch of experimental schools appeared in China at that time. Among them, Beijing Comte School founded by Cai Yuanpei, Shanggong Primary School affiliated to famous publishing institutions and so on are prominent.
In addition, there are such a number of schools, which have laid the foundation for the emergence of real "experimental schools" in the future. Speaking of their names, you may not be unfamiliar-XXX Normal Primary School.
The primary school attached to teachers' college began in the late Qing Dynasty. Its main function is to provide practice places for students majoring in education, and also undertake certain experimental research functions. During the May 4th Movement, the experimental nature of some affiliated primary schools was further strengthened.
However, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek made Nanjing his capital. At that time, Jiangsu Province, located in the administrative center, took the lead in carrying out drastic educational reforms. One of the new policies is to abolish independent normal schools and merge them into the normal curriculum of middle schools.
It is this operation that provides an opportunity for the "rectification" and "renaming" of teachers' affiliated schools: teachers are merged, so it is not appropriate to continue to call them teachers' affiliated primary schools ... Since educational experiments are well done, they should be called "experimental primary schools".
As a result, under the leadership of Jiangsu Province, neighboring provinces and cities quickly followed suit, and there was a wave of renaming in the domestic education sector: with the merger of normal schools into middle schools, its original affiliated primary schools were renamed as "experimental primary schools in a middle school"; In addition, primary schools and demonstration primary schools in the city center have also named experiments, and even new schools that have been expanded have been advertised as "experiments". For a time, various "experimental primary schools" appeared like mushrooms after rain.
Generally speaking, at that time, the word "experiment" was a considerable guarantee for the quality of running a school. Compared with ordinary primary schools and middle schools, experimental schools have assembled more local teaching resources.