First, create a good material environment for children's scientific enlightenment education.
1. Create a good environment for science education activities and organize teaching activities skillfully.
Collective teaching activities are an important part of children's scientific enlightenment education. Teachers should give full play to the charm of science, skillfully organize scientific education activities, guide children to explore and solve problems with scientific inquiry methods, and experience the fun of "doing science". To create a good collective teaching environment, the preparation and selection of teaching tools is a key factor. For example, observing the process of seed germination, preparing flower pots and seeds for children, and carrying out "dancing paper dolls" to help children understand static electricity all need to help children prepare experimental equipment such as paper and fur. Because children's scientific education activities are bound to be truth-seeking, but they are not high, refined and deep, and are limited by children's actual level, teachers should pay attention to using family resources and make them with low-cost and easy-to-get materials when choosing and preparing teaching equipment. For example, when designing and organizing educational activities of "turning waste into treasure", families can be mobilized to collect and provide all kinds of waste materials, and children can be guided to make all kinds of interesting toys and decorations with waste materials. For example, activities such as "Food Festival", "Twist Bottle Cap" and "Our Little Shoes" are all familiar to children in their daily lives. Toys, food and shoes needed for activities can be brought from home. Faced with what they bring, children have a sense of intimacy, which urges them to explore and discover more boldly.
2. Set up a corner to provide conditions for children to explore freely.
It is not enough for children's science education to focus only on collective teaching activities. Teachers can also set up science and technology game areas, animal and plant observation corners, popular science galleries and popular science book corners. In the class, actively provide sufficient material conditions for children's free exploration activities and satisfy their thirst for knowledge at any time. The settings should be interesting, operable, fun, safe, rich in content and diverse in forms, so that children can enjoy themselves and never tire of playing. For example, the corridors and outdoor walls of kindergartens are decorated with popular science corridors to highlight the theme of popular science education. It can be a scientific fantasy such as "Space World", it can be a tadpole looking for its mother to reflect the process of animal growth and reproduction, and it can be a revelation of the changes of the four seasons in nature, so that children can be exposed to the environment of scientific knowledge and be subtly influenced by science. Another example is to set up a popular science game area to provide simple observation, experiment and operation materials, such as flat mirror, concave-convex mirror, prism, magnet, small inclined plane, balance bar, battery, small light bulb, small gyro, baking soda, vinegar, small spoon, glass and so on. In the game area, various problem situations can be created in combination with the theme teaching activities, such as "Garlic has a beard", "What do snails eat", "Let table tennis spin", "Who runs fast" and "Building a paper bridge". Children can enter freely, observe independently, operate independently, try and experiment independently, and explore independently, so that children can feel that learning science and doing science are integrated in independent exploration.
3. Set up plantations and feeding corners to provide good outdoor classes for children's scientific enlightenment education. Children can observe the growth and changes of plants from the perspective of outdoor plantations and feeding, understand the activities and living habits of animals and plants, understand the weather changes and learn simple labor skills. If a plantation can be built to make it a base for children to learn to plant, children can try the process of sowing, cultivating and harvesting, plant tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, garlic, radishes and vegetables in the garden, and learn the joy of simple field work. For another example, you can build a feeding corner to feed small animals that children like, such as chickens, ducks, rabbits, fish, turtles, tadpoles and birds, so that children can learn scientific feeding methods through careful care, understand the living habits of different small animals, and cultivate care, love and responsibility for "small life".
Second, create a good family education environment for children's scientific enlightenment education.
Kindergarten education has never been isolated, it is closely related to family and social education, so "home cooperation" and "home education together" are also important components of early childhood scientific enlightenment education. We often find such a situation in education. For example, some children don't want to work in breeding corners and plantations because their parents never let him touch this mud. "How dirty." For another example, some children want to do the experiment of raising silkworms, but they take the hatched silkworms home and let their mothers throw them away, because their mothers are afraid of insects and won't let them do it. All these phenomena show that some parents don't pay much attention to children's science education and don't know much about it, which shows that the educational goal of the school is inconsistent with the training direction of the family. To solve this problem, the following measures can be taken.
1. Strengthen popular science propaganda activities and ask parents to pay attention to guiding their children's scientific behavior, which is the basis of "family cooperation".
First of all, parents should be aware of the purpose and important role of science education, and let parents know the contents and methods of science enlightenment education through parent-teacher conferences, special lectures and a letter to parents. Understanding early science education plays a decisive role in the formation of a person's scientific literacy. Only through publicity can parents pay attention to and participate in their children's scientific enlightenment education.
2. Invite parents to participate in children's inquiry activities in the classroom.
Creating such a situation for parents and children to explore together will improve parents' scientific awareness, deepen parents' understanding of science education, and have a subtle effect on children's common cultivation of scientific literacy at home.
3. Invite parents to participate in the evaluation.
For example, we conducted a survey on parents: "Does your child often do the following activities at home? () ① Reading popular science books, ② watching popular science TV programs, ③ watching popular science websites, ④ doing small experiments, and ⑥ making and playing airplane models and cars. ⑧ Keep small animals, ⑨ Keep a diary to observe natural things, and ⑩ Other scientific inquiry activities ". Through this survey, teachers can learn about students' scientific study at home, and parents can also reflect on and improve their family education.
4. There are abundant scientific education resources in the family.
It mainly includes parents' experience and professional background, animals and plants raised and planted at home, family science and technology books, video materials and so on. Children can be allowed to borrow these things to school, so that they can begin to receive education from what they are familiar with at home, so that kindergarten education and family education can be organically combined to prevent the two from being out of touch.
5. Please ask parents to pay attention to and supervise the observation and experiment arranged by the teacher through written notice, especially some contents that need long-term observation. Such as planting, managing plants, raising animals, observing and recording weather changes, temperature, wind direction changes and so on. If we have ever issued such a notice, "Dear Parents: Hello! Recently, children in our big class are learning how to observe the growth and development of silkworm babies. In order to let your children have a deeper understanding of the growth of animals, we ask you to guide and urge your children to complete this meaningful observation activity in the last month and make records. In this observation activity, I wish you and your children as much as possible. " The results show that there are fewer families that don't let their children raise silkworms. In the observation report, some parents also wrote down interesting things and feelings that happened during the observation. It can be seen that the same activity will produce better results if a teacher formally informs parents in writing to help them complete it.
Third, children's scientific enlightenment education should be good at making good use of the natural environment around children.
Creating a good educational environment not only requires teachers to be "good at creating" the environment, but also requires teachers to be "good at discovering" and making use of the environment around children that is conducive to scientific education, so as to educate children according to the circumstances. For example, in spring, you can design a study with the theme of "changeable weather" and "misty fog", which is close to children's life content and easy to be accepted and understood. It can arouse children's curiosity and interest in exploring the surrounding natural environment, cultivate children's attention to observing natural phenomena, teach children to actively adapt to changes in the external environment, develop self-protection ability, develop observation and thinking ability, and understand common natural phenomena and their relationship with human beings. For another example, you can organize many observation activities to get children out of the classroom. Take the children for a walk in the field, pick wild flowers, play with the soil, catch insects, and learn the names, growth characteristics and lifestyles of plants and animals in the field. Organize children to visit waterworks, milk processing plants, bread processing plants, etc. And learn how our drinks and food are mass-produced through advanced production facilities. Banks, post offices, TV stations, computer production centers, and agricultural stations are all places where high-tech and new technologies gather. You can also take children to see them with a purpose, so that children can be exposed to advanced technologies and information, so that their science and technology education can move from the classroom to nature and society, broaden their horizons, increase their knowledge, and sprout their scientific rise and desire to explore knowledge.
Fourth, create a good psychological environment for children's scientific enlightenment education. Children's mood directly affects their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity in participating in activities. Similarly, children need to have a good scientific psychological environment. Therefore, teachers should use their interest in scientific exploration to infect and inspire children, to participate in children's activities, so that children feel cordial, relaxed, harmonious and unrestrained, and feel that they have the care, respect and support of teachers, which can further stimulate children's interest and make them try and explore more actively. For example, teachers can organize children to watch videos about science and education and learn about scientific knowledge that is difficult to contact in life. For example, organize children to see how our favorite strawberries and pollution-free vegetables are hydroponically cultivated. With the development of science, we can eat fresh and delicious fruits and vegetables all year round, so that children can feel the great role brought by science and cultivate their love for science. Another example is to tell children interesting stories about scientists when they were young, such as "Edison hatched chickens", "Darwin climbed trees all day to see far away" and "Da Vinci painted eggs". Let children know that many of their inventions when they grow up are inseparable from their love of brains and good thinking since childhood.
(Zheng Huazi No.1 Experimental Kindergarten in Licheng District, Putian City)