1. Use maps to explain the geographical position of Africa (latitude and longitude position, hemisphere position, land and sea position).

2. Learn to analyze the national characteristics of Africa from a natural perspective; Analyze the population distribution of Africa from historical reasons and the phenomenon that Africa is the continent with the largest number of countries in the world.

3. Explain the topographical features of Africa by map analysis, and find out several famous topographical areas in Africa on the map.

capability goal

Cultivate students' ability to acquire geographical knowledge from maps and extracurricular books. Educational goal

Train the ability of reading, analyzing and solving problems, and cultivate the concept of equality for all students.

Teaching focus

Explain the geographical position (latitude and longitude, hemisphere position, land and sea position) of Africa with a map, explain the topographic characteristics of Africa with a map analysis, and find out several famous topographic areas in Africa on the map.

Teaching difficulties

Train the ability of reading, analyzing and solving problems, and cultivate the concept of equality for all students.

teaching method

Enlightening discussion teaching method

Class arrangement

2 class hours

teaching process

First, the introduction of new courses.

Through the content of land and sea distribution, students can study Africa, a continent adjacent to Asia and Europe. The African name "Africa-Asia League" originally meant "scorching sun". Why is this happening? In last semester's study, we also learned that most people living in Africa are black. Why? Create geographical situations, put forward assumptions, arouse students' interest, arouse students' thinking, and further guide students to look at pictures.

Write on the blackboard.

Second, teach new lessons.

Make students more familiar with the method of analyzing the geographical location of a certain area, and make students master the method of learning geography by reading pictures.

1. Summarize the geographical location of Africa by reading the map.

The north is separated from Europe by the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar; Suez Canal and Red Sea between Northeast China and Asia; East of the Indian Ocean, across the sea from Oceania; South faces Antarctica across the sea; It faces the Atlantic Ocean in the west and the United States across the sea.

Jingwei position

The northernmost part is north of 30oN, and the southernmost part is south of 30oS. The equator, the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn all pass through Africa. The easternmost part is east of 50oE, and the westernmost part is around 20oW.

Hemispheric position

Most of them are in the northern hemisphere and less than half are in the southern hemisphere.

2. Understand the history of ethnic struggle in Africa mainly by reading the texts in the Eastern Hemisphere, focusing on understanding that Africa is the continent with the largest number of countries in the world.

Students answer the questions. Guide students to study by themselves, encourage students to speak boldly and summarize by themselves.

By reading topographic maps and various statistical maps, answer questions step by step and summarize the characteristics of Asian topography.

1. According to "the proportion of land area at different altitudes to the total area" (pie chart) and the names of mountains and plateaus on the topographic map, it is concluded that "the topography of Africa is dominated by plateaus", which is called "plateau continent".

2. According to the "comparison of global and continental average elevation" (histogram), the "average elevation in Africa is average" is summarized and the basis is set.

Under the guidance of teachers, read topographic maps and various statistical maps, master map reading methods, and skillfully exercise map reading ability and skills.

3. According to the "comparison of the highest and lowest altitude in the world and continents" (histogram), the relative altitude is calculated, and the conclusion that "the non-terrain ground fluctuates little" is drawn.

4. According to the topographic map, it is concluded that Africa is high in southeast and low in northwest.

Through maps and textbooks, students can observe several special places in Africa:

The Great Rift Valley in East Africa is the longest land rift in the world. Congo basin in central Africa is the largest basin in the world; The coastline of Africa is very straight.

Read the text and give a brief introduction, focusing on humanities education and moral education.

Third, small exercises: use books and target detection to practice in class.

Fourth, summarize the knowledge learned in this lesson.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) assigns homework.

Look at the pictures in advance and try to analyze the outstanding characteristics of African climate, aiming at making students master this method skillfully.

Teaching postscript

Africa is a continent that students are very interested in. Inserting some geographical stories, such as Rift Valley and Congo Basin, can arouse students' interest. It will be better to add some videos to the class in the future.