Seeing the sea: Cao Cao sees the sea (Three Kingdoms)

On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea.

The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea.

Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.

The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.

A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected;

Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.

I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire.

develop

20 1 1 The first song in Lesson 15 of the first volume of Senior One of People's Education Publishing House.

Chinese Textbook for Junior High School (Experimental Draft of Grade Six in Last Term), Shanghai Education Press.

Junior high school Chinese textbook Chinese edition Lesson 30 Volume 6 "Looking at the Sea"

comment

Seeing the sea was added by later generations, and it was originally the first chapter out of Xiamen. Walking out of Xiamen, also known as Longxi West, belongs to Xiangruge tonal song in Han Yuefu. "Xiamen" was originally the city gate at the western end of Luoyang city. The Han Dynasty was called Xiamen, and the Wei and Jin Dynasties was called Great Xiamen. There are only two ancient words: "People in the city are easy, and the tomb of a thousand years old is flat" (see Shan Li's note in Selected Works). Yuefu Poems also records the old saying "Go astray and stay empty", a story about how to become an immortal. This article by Cao Cao, Records of Le Shu in the Song Dynasty, is listed as a Daqu with the title Jieshi Stepping out of Xiamen. Judging from the content of the poem, it has nothing to do with the meaning of the topic, so it can be seen that it is just writing current affairs through ancient inscriptions. The poem begins with the word "Yan" (overture) and is divided into four chapters (chapters): watching the sea, winter in October, strange land and longevity of turtles. As in 207 AD (the 12th year of Jian 'an), Wu Huan was on his way home from the Northern Expedition.

Edit this paragraph

translate

Climb Jieshi Mountain to the east, and you can feel the sea.

How vast the sea is, and the mountain island stands high on the seaside.

Trees and herbs are clustered together and are very lush.

The autumn wind blows the trees and makes a sad sound, and the sea is rough.

The movement of the sun and the moon seems to start from this vast ocean.

The Milky Way is dotted with stars, as if it were born in this vast ocean.

Paintings and calligraphy works written by painters. Seeing the sea is very lucky! Just use poetry to express your feelings.

Edit this paragraph

To annotate ...

(1) Pro: Boarding is sightseeing.

Jié stone: The name of the mountain. Jieshi Mountain, now Hebei Province, is located in the north of Changli County.

In the autumn of 207 AD, Jieshi Mountain was passed by Cao Cao when he levied Wu Huan.

(3) Cang: Tong "Cang", turquoise.

Jieshi Mountain in Wudi, Shandong Province (6 photos)

(4) Sea: Bohai Sea

(5) H: What?

(6) dàn dàn: the way of water wave sloshing.

(7) s ǒ ng zhi: stand upright. Hair, hair and height.

(8) bleak (xiāo sè): the sound of vegetation being blown by the autumn wind.

(9) Hong Bo: Surging waves

(10) Sun and Moon: Sun and Moon

(1 1) If: Like it. I think so.

(12) xinghan: galaxy.

This picture shows Cao Cao riding on Jieshi Mountain (13).

(14) Very: Extremely.

(15) to: Very,

(16) Not bad, Lian: I'm so glad.

(17) Chant: Singing.

(18) chanting: that is, expressing one's mind.

Ambition: ideal

(20) Sing with ambition: express your thoughts or ideals with poetry.

The last two sentences are not directly related to the text of this poem, but a way of ending Yuefu poetry.

Selected from Yuefu poems. This is the first chapter of Out of Xiamen.

Edit this paragraph

Basic knowledge of words and sentences

sea

The word "sea" can refer to the sea in general, because the sea is pale and endless, so it is called the sea. For example, Ge Hong's "Bao Pu Zi Qiong Da": "Well frogs don't know the sea." Sea: the sea, the sea.

"Sea" is another name for East Sea in China. In the poem, "Jieshi looks at the sea in the east" and "sea" refers to the East China Sea. Book 6 of Beginners explains: "According to the difference between the East China Sea and the West China Sea, the East China Sea is called Bohai Sea, also known as the sea. The East China Sea referred to here generally refers to the eastern waters of China, which is different from the "East China Sea" referring to the waters east of Zhejiang today.

Lianlian

The original meaning of "Lian" is the appearance of water fluctuation. This is the meaning of the poem what is water. . You can also describe peace of mind. For example, Liu Xiang's "Nine Sighs of Fate" means "full of affection". It can also be described as vast. For example, Du Mu's "Leyou Tombs" "There are no solitary birds in the sky, and they have sunk in it for ages." (Lian: Describe the vastness of the sky. )

rustle

"Bleak" is a continuous word used to describe the sound of autumn wind. From Song Yu's "Nine Arguments", "The bleak vegetation is falling and declining". The poem bleak autumn wind uses its original meaning. Writing "Little Sa" again.

Bleak can also be used to describe loneliness and desolation. For example, a sentence in Du Fu's "Poems on Huai": "Yu Xin was the most bitter in his life, and his poems in his later years stirred the rivers and lakes."

bright

"Brilliant" is a rhyming word with dazzling meaning, and can also be used to describe gorgeous words. This poem "The Stars Are Brilliant" is brilliant. Zhang Heng's "Fu Xuan" is "brilliant", brilliant: gorgeous words.

Fortunately, I sing my ambition.

Add for music singing.

Edit this paragraph

Poetry appreciation

Judging from the genre of poetry, this is an ancient poem; In terms of expression, this is a lyric poem about the scenery. The words "Jieshi is in the east, looking at the sea" point out the positioning of "looking at the sea": the poet climbed to the top of Jieshi, with a broad vision and a panoramic view of the sea. The following ten descriptions are almost all derived from this. The word "Guan" plays a leading role in the whole article, which embodies the characteristics of this poem's open artistic conception and vigorous momentum.

The first four lines describe the scene of the sea, which is dynamic and quiet. For example, "autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rough" and "what is the water like" describe dynamic scenery, while "trees are full of vegetation" and "mountains and islands are full of scenery" describe static scenery.

Guan Canghai is selected from Yuefu Poetry, which is the first chapter of Yuefu Poetry Out of Xiamen.

"The water is full of water, and the mountains and islands are all scenery" is the general impression of seeing the sea at the beginning, which is a bit like a thick line in the painting. In this rippling sea, the first thing you see is the towering mountain islands, which are dotted on the flat and wide sea, making the sea look magical and spectacular. These two sentences roughly outline the prospect of the sea, which will be described in depth at different levels below.

"There are many trees and plenty of herbs. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " The first two sentences specifically describe the mountain island: although the autumn wind is bleak and the vegetation is withered, the trees on the island are lush and the grass is flourishing, giving people a poetic feeling. The last two sentences are a further description of the sentence "What is water like?". Look carefully, the sea in the bleak autumn wind is actually a huge wave, surging and undulating. Here, although it is a typical autumn environment, it is not as bleak and desolate as autumn. Facing the bleak autumn wind, the author wrote the vastness and magnificence of the sea: in the bleak autumn wind, the sea is rough and meets the sky; The mountain island is tall and straight, with lush vegetation and no fading and sentimental artistic conception. This new realm and new style just reflect his "martyr" mind.

"The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " The previous description is observed from the plane of the sea. These four sentences are related to the boundless universe, showing the momentum and strength of the sea to the readers: the vast sea is connected with the sky, and the air is turbid; In front of this magnificent sea, the sun, the moon, the stars and the Han (the Milky Way) are all small, and their operation seems to be freely absorbed by the sea. The sea described by the poet here is not only the real scene in front of him, but also his own imagination and exaggeration, which shows the magnificent atmosphere of the universe and is full of the momentum of "the five mountains start from the square". This kind of "cage cover breathing atmosphere" is the artistic realm of the poet's "eyes" and "chest". From the heart, if the poet had no grand political ambition, no ambition to make contributions, and no optimistic attitude full of confidence in the future, he would never have written such a magnificent poetic scene. In the past, some people said that Cao Cao's poems were "domineering" (in Shen Deqian), referring to works such as Looking at the Sea.

"Fortunately, Lian, the song is to be sung." This is a cliche in the chorus, which has nothing to do with the content of the poem. Also pointed out that this was sung by Yuefu.

Edit this paragraph

The influence of later generations

The poem "Looking at the Sea", including sea water, mountain islands, vegetation and autumn wind, is all in front of us, but the sun, moon and stars below are all imaginary scenery of Cao Cao, not real scenery. This poem is not only full of scenery, but also unique. It is the earliest masterpiece of landscape poetry in China, especially loved by literary historians. This poem, written on the autumn sea, can wash away the sentimental sentiment of sad autumn and is vigorous and magnificent, which is closely related to Cao Cao's tolerance, personality and even aesthetic taste.

In this poem, scenery and emotion are closely combined. By writing about the sea, the author expressed his ambition to unify China and make contributions. But this kind of feeling is not directly revealed in the poem, but contained in the description of the scenery, which contains feelings. Every sentence is about the scenery and every sentence is lyrical. Although the six sentences in "What's Water" are depicting the vibrant sea scenery, they are actually praising the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland and revealing the author's feelings of loving the motherland. Seeing the magnificent scenery of the motherland's mountains and rivers aroused the poet's strong desire to unify the motherland. So with the help of rich imagination, to fully express this desire. The author compares himself to the sea and expresses the poet's broad mind and heroism by writing about the momentum of the sea devouring the universe. His feelings are unrestrained but subtle. Sun and Moon is the climax of landscape writing and the author's emotional development. Poets in the Song Dynasty said that Cao's poems were "as full of vitality as veteran Yan". The poem "Looking at the Sea" has a broad artistic conception and is magnificent, which conforms to the demeanor of an aspiring politician and strategist. Reading its poems really makes people feel like people.

In the 12th year of Jian 'an (207), Cao Cao led an army to conquer Wuhuan, which was a great disaster in Northeast China at that time. This is an important war in Cao Cao's great cause of reunifying the north. On the way to the expedition, I wrote the Yuefu poem "Out of Xiamen" (belonging to "Harmony Song, Sediao Song"). This group of poems consists of five parts, starting with the word "Yan", that is, preface poems. The following articles are named after poems, namely Watching the Sea, Winter in October, He (also known as Different Land) and Guifengshou. From the perspective of music melody, the five parts are a whole, and from the perspective of lyrics, the four parts can be independent.

In the first two sentences, "Jieshi looks at the sea in the east", the poet came to the foot of Jieshi Mountain and climbed to see the sea during the Northern Expedition. Jieshi Mountain was originally located in the southwest of Laoting County in Hebei Province (northwest of Changli County in Hebei Province). The Han Dynasty was still on land, facing the Bohai Sea. Due to the geological changes in the Six Dynasties, it sank into the sea. When the poet climbed Jieshi Mountain and looked down at the sea, he saw: "Where is the water, where are the mountains and islands?" . Even, the water waves are not exciting. The towering appearance of the island. When the poet climbs the mountain, what he can see is the endless sea, and the islands in the sea stand tall. What a spectacular sight it is! In history, both Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi visited here, carving stones and watching the sea. Now, the poet stands in the place where Qin Huang and Hanwu traveled, commanding, looking at the vast sea and towering islands in the sea, thinking that the Central Plains region has been pacified, the northern expedition to Wuhuan has also won a decisive victory, and the reunification of the north is about to be realized. How excited he is! At this time, the poet's eyes were fixed on the island at sea, and in front of him was a vibrant scene: "There are more trees and more grass. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " The trees are covered with grass, and they grow very luxuriantly. A bleak autumn wind blew and the sea was rough. Although the bleak autumn wind gives people a feeling of sadness and killing, the vigorous grass shows its heroic nature; Hongbo is surging, and the more you see it! This is a true description of the natural environment and a concrete portrayal of the poet's subjective feelings. After winning a series of wars, Cao Cao felt that his great achievements were as full of vitality as flowers and trees, and also full of vitality for the surging sea. Below, the poet developed a rich imagination and further described the magnificent spirit and broad mind of the sea embracing the sun and the moon. "The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " The movement of the sun and the moon seems to linger in the arms of the sea, and the brilliant Milky Way stars seem to be wrapped in the belly of the mother sea. Look, this is the spirit of the sea, the mind of the sea. It's spectacular, it's spectacular.

Looking at the Sea is a lyric poem about scenery. The poet outlined the magnificent scene of the sea devouring the sun and the moon, which contained thousands of things, showed an open mind and expressed his ambition to make contributions to the reunification of the Central Plains. Although there is no direct expression of emotion, reading the whole poem can still make people feel the poet's feelings deeply entrusted by it. Through the poet's vivid description of stormy waves, we seem to see Cao Cao's great ambition and grand mind of forging ahead and unifying the whole country, and touch the flow of his thoughts and feelings in a typical environment as a poet, politician and strategist. The whole poem is simple in language, rich in imagination, magnificent, desolate and tragic, which has been greatly appreciated by readers of all ages. Shen Deqian commented that this poem "has a cosmic flavor" in "The Origin of Ancient Poetry". This is very accurate.

Yuefu poems in Han dynasty are generally untitled, and the topic of "watching the sea" was added by later generations. Yuefu poetry can be sung, and the last two sentences of the poem are "fortunately!" A song is an ode to ambition. "Music is added, and it is an attachment of the poem, which has nothing to do with the content of the poem.

This is very comprehensive, hope to adopt!