The first volume of the fifth grade of the national standard for primary school Chinese is Jiangsu Education Edition.
Textbook analysis
This story tells that Jia Dao unconsciously bumped into Han Yu's honor guard in order to consider a sentence in Li Ning's poem "Dwelling House". After Han Yu discovered the truth, he thought with it and was finalized by Han Yu. From then on, the word "scrutiny" came into being, and the story of "scrutiny" was handed down, showing Jia Dao's serious creative attitude and persistent research spirit. The content of the story is simple and clear, and the fifth grade students can basically read it by themselves. However, the rich historical, cultural and aesthetic connotations contained in the text and the different meanings embodied in "deliberation" are difficult for students to understand, and teachers need to guide and ponder in their speech practice.
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Teacher Wang Yonglin's analysis of the textbook not only contains the main content of the story of Deliberation, but also reveals the ideological and educational significance of the story. What is more valuable is the analysis of the fifth-grade students and pointing out the key points of teaching. What is slightly insufficient is that we did not pay attention to the characteristics of this text in "expression" and did not think from the perspective of "letting students learn to express". From the perspective of the story, the ins and outs of this article are very clear; From the narrative point of view, the words are accurate and vivid. Paying attention to this means paying attention to language learning and application.
Target preset
1. Understand what happened and the meaning of "scrutiny".
2. Learn from Jia Dao's serious creative attitude and persistent research spirit.
3. Learn to weigh words in the clever use of words.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Understand the meaning of "scrutiny". Learn to think carefully.
Teaching assumption
"Curriculum Standard" points out that "Chinese course is a comprehensive and practical course to learn the use of language." Students should be exposed to Chinese materials in class, enrich and accumulate in a lot of language practice, cultivate language sense and develop thinking. This kind of teaching design pays attention to let students taste the text language in reading, learn to weigh in the study of weighing, learn to weigh in the language, temper the words and train their thinking, so as to achieve the unity of Chinese instrumentality and humanity.
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It can be seen from the "teaching assumption" that Mr. Wang Yonglin still attaches great importance to the use of language and writing in his thoughts, and puts "weighing words" in a more important position when setting teaching objectives. But as far as reading is concerned, grasping the main content of the article and understanding the characteristics of the article in layout and planning should also be one of the basic teaching goals. Therefore, we should also take "understanding and being able to retell the deliberated story in an orderly way" as the teaching goal, so that our teaching can focus on the big picture and start from the small.
Of course, because it is the teaching design of the second class, it can be inferred that the first class has achieved the teaching goal of new words. In fact, it is not difficult to find that the understanding of text keywords like this lesson should be incorporated into the reading process, so that literacy teaching and reading teaching can promote each other and integrate organically, which will highlight the quality and efficiency of Chinese classroom teaching.
teaching process
First, the introduction of "push" and "knock" in action, as well as a preliminary understanding of the meaning.
1. Write on the blackboard and read together.
2. "Push" is an action. Who will do it? If there was a closed door in front of you, how would you knock? Look at this classmate. He knocked at the door politely. These two actions together form a word-"deliberation". Which sentence in the text tells us the meaning of this word?
3. Statement: People call it "careful consideration", and consider words when writing poems and compositions. Discretion is also called discretion.
We know that the word "censorship" has a history. He is not only a literary story told through the ages, but also a touching legend. In this lesson, let's read and taste the story together.
It is difficult to understand the meaning of design intention, so that students can understand the original intention of pushing and knocking from the action. This is also paving the way for Jia Dao's action experience. When these two words are put together, there will be a meaning far from the original intention, which will stimulate students' interest. Then let the students read the text and find out the words to explain the word, so that students can have a coping stone in their understanding of "scrutiny"
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At first glance, Wang Yonglin's teaching can be described as "flowing": the theme is straightforward; Experience the words "push" and "knock" with action, which is vivid; Reveal the meaning of "scrutiny", simple and clear; The introduction of story content stimulates students' interest in learning. However, from another perspective, students are not ignorant of the text. They already have the first class, and the second class is based on the students' existing cognitive premise. This is what we should strongly advocate. Maybe you can try to let the students write the topic "deliberation" on the blackboard themselves; Let them review and retell the story; Let them sum up "what is scrutiny" in one sentence; Let them ask questions and topics that interest them. ...
Second, experience the scrutiny process and understand the scrutiny method.
1. This is a short historical story. What fragments in the story tell about Jia Dao's "thoughtful"? (3-7 natural segments)
Please read paragraphs 3-7 of the text and think: What does Han Yu think about using the word "push" or "knock"? There are several reasons.
Han Yu thinks it is better to use the word "knock". There are three reasons: the word "knock" can show that Jia Dao is a polite person; The word "knock" can set off the tranquility of the moonlit night; The word "knock" sounds louder than "push".
3. Han Yu thought for a while before he made it clear that the word "knock" was better. What's he thinking? Who will show Han Yu's thinking through monologues?
The process of repeated comparison and consideration like this is called deliberation.
Students practice, push or knock in person, which is more polite? (Han Yu is a scholar) Which action can better set off the tranquility of the moonlit night? Read these two poems by yourself. Which word "push" or "knock" sounds louder?
5. Summarize the methods of choosing words.
Read what Han Yu said again. What do you think should be done to refine the text?
(1) conforms to the identity of the character. (2) to meet the living conditions at that time. ③ Pay attention to the rhyme.
The design intention directly hits the climax of the story, reproduces Han Yu's psychological activities through monologues, and deeply understands the connotation of deliberation. The process of students' speech is the process of speech practice. The natural summary of the methods of reading words lays the foundation for the later study of "reading" with texts. This is also the reason why there is no lesson-by-lesson study.
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As Teacher Wang Yonglin said, this link goes straight to the key point of "scrutiny". Through action experience, close reading and taste, the meaning of "scrutiny" is clear, which is itself a process of "scrutiny", but the scrutiny in the story is the use of words; What is scrutinized in teaching is the hierarchy of Han Yu's language, which is well-founded and reasonable in expressing his views.
There is also a wonderful place in the handling of this link, which is to let students read Han Yu's thoughts in a "soliloquy" way. This is not only an appropriate instruction for reading aloud, but also a learning method: understanding the content of words in context.
Of course, the handling of this part can be improved from another angle, because this paragraph is a part of a complete story, so we should fully consider the situation of the story and the characters in the story. If students are allowed to "incarnate" as Han Yu, let him think to himself, and "speak" (rather than read) through dialogue with Jia Dao, it will be more conducive to cultivating students' sense of language.
Third, relying on the close reading of the text, understand the connotation of close reading.
1. We know the method of negotiation. Please read sections 3-7 again. Which word or phrase do you think is particularly well used?
Presupposition 1: the word "Chuang" is used well. In line with the situation of the characters, because Jia Dao was very involved. (Guide the reading of special paragraphs and understand Jia Dao's rigorous creative attitude. )
Secondly, "trespassing" means making trouble. Combined with the performance of pedestrians and honor guards, Jia Dao's behavior has "offended" senior officials.
Third, it conforms to personality. Supplementary story: One autumn, Jia Dao rode a donkey through Chang 'an Avenue, and the yellow leaves on the tree were blown away by the autumn wind. Jia Daoquan chanted: "The fallen leaves are all over Chang 'an." After some thinking, it suddenly occurred to me that the couplet "Autumn Wind Blows Weihe River" is very suitable for this sentence. The joy in my heart cannot be expressed in words. Just when he was in high spirits, he broke into the honor guard of Liu Qichu, who was an official in Beijing at that time. As a result, Jia Dao was arrested and locked up all night.
But this time he didn't learn the lesson, but broke into the honor guard again. Is Jia Dao particularly courageous? What did you read from the word "Chuang"?
The language of design intention is temperature, and the words are warm and cold. In the situation, students feel the subtlety of the word "Chuang" by comparing its meaning, usage and artistic conception in the article, and have a deeper understanding of Jia Dao's ideological concentration and the understanding of the article. At the same time, through a word "Chuang", practice the method of scrutinizing words with the help of the text. Through the comparison and deliberation of words, I completed three to seven sections of learning by using the method of point to area.
Preset ②: The word "knock" can better set off the tranquility (quietness) of the moonlit night.
The degree of stillness is more "quiet" than stillness, and the situation in the middle of the night is written more accurately.
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If the last link is a process of "teaching them to fish", then this link is a process of "fishing", which allows students to read the text and weigh the words themselves, reflecting the hierarchy from "knowing" to "doing" and from "learning" to "using". In addition, Mr. Wang Yonglin made a presupposition to guide students to re-examine the word "Chuang".
About this part of teaching, we should think about a problem of "tree" and "forest". If we only focus on the word "scrutiny", this kind of teaching is already very good. However, considering the integrity of reading, it is not appropriate to focus on the seventh paragraph before studying the previous paragraph, thus ignoring the integrity and organization of the story.
When the story is fully grasped by students, the connotation of the word "scrutiny" is understood by students. If students dare to let them find out the subtle words in the text and scrutinize them, it should be a wonderful link. The words "touch", "unconscious", "hurry" and "consideration" in the text can all derive students' own wonderful taste and scrutiny of language.
Fourth, approach the poet and feel the spirit of deliberation.
1. What's Jia Dao like?
Read the first paragraph of the article again: there was a poet named Jia Dao in the Tang Dynasty. Because of his poor family, he became a monk in his early years.
Is such a person, but has made great achievements in writing poetry, added that Jia Dao's life:
Jia Dao became a monk in his early years Poetry is famous for thinking hard about songs and is good at repeated deliberation. It is often called a "bitter poet" and its creative spirit is touching. Jia Dao is known as the first of the Five Laws in the late Tang Dynasty.
2. What do you know about Jia Dao after reading his life?
3. Introduce the famous sentence he wrote: Two wins in three years, tears streaming down your face.
This is an eternal story about Jia Dao. If you told this little story to others, what would you say?
Review the story, grasp the cause, process and result, and practice retelling.
The design intention is to supplement Jia Dao's life introduction and a five-character quatrain written by him. This editing design reproduces the real Jia Dao in the calendar, so that students can have a deeper understanding of Jia Dao and understand that the success of any career requires efforts. Only by constant deliberation can they write good articles. Because this is a short historical story, understanding the characteristics of the story and practicing telling the story is a speech practice based on the characteristics of the text.
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From the story of deliberation to the poet Jia Dao, from "the story of Li Ning living in a secluded room" to "two sentences in three years, one song and two tears", from an accident to an inevitable mode, students' cognition has been improved again. You can see Wang Yonglin's originality here.
Following our previous analysis, the teacher arranged students to retell here, which also confirmed the lack of "teaching objectives". In addition, from the perspective of the integrity of reading, the link of retelling the story should also be moved forward to the link of reading the text, which gives people a feeling of unsmooth extension.
Fifth, jump out of the text and expand the depth of scrutiny.
1. There are many stories in which ancient people carefully chose words when writing poems and compositions. Display: Jiang Nanan and Spring Breeze are green. Look, which word is used in this poem and why? (student exchange)
Please finish this poem according to your understanding of this painting.
Danyue () Plum Blossom Breeze () Delicate Willow
3. Conclusion:
Students, in this class, we met Jia Dao, a poet who is good at scrutiny, and learned how to scrutinize words. Through scrutiny, we realize the exquisiteness of language and writing, so as to form the habit of scrutiny in future reading and practice and become a good scrutiny person.
Design intention students have a full understanding of Jia Dao's attitude of pursuing perfection in his creation. We have made a preliminary study on the words used in this article, but we should also seek this typical universal meaning and further feel the pursuit of ancient creation and the exquisiteness of words used. Situational practice expands the depth of students' speech practice, enhances their sense of image, and develops their perception, creativity and thinking quality.
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This link once again expanded outward, from Jia Dao to others, from elaborate stories to more classic cases, and students' cognition was once again improved.
What needs to be reflected is that the way we are taking now is teacher-led rather than "telling". Can our teaching be more open and students be more independent? For example, considering that it is the "second class" and the students are senior students, can students collect classic stories and cases about "scrutiny" themselves, tell them in class and analyze them? If you do this, in fact, students themselves are "scrutinizing", and they are closer to learning to scrutinize.
General comments
Flexible strategies depend on the mother's wisdom.
After more than 20 years of teaching and research experience in primary schools, I gradually realized some of my own understandings: the significance of the existence of excellent courses is not that it can be imitated, but that it is a "sparrow" in the philosophical sense, which can help us discover laws and guide practice; The way for teachers' professional growth is to integrate into academic teams, which has an open vision and inclusiveness. Coincidentally, under the appointment of Mr. Wang, I was fortunate enough to appreciate the elegance of the teacher's teaching of the course "Thinking" and express my personal views on it. Generally speaking, there are many subtleties in the teaching design of this course, which shows the ingenuity of teacher Yong Lin.
A beauty: the focus is prominent-insisting that Qingshan does not relax.
In the whole teaching process, Mr. Wang Yonglin firmly grasped the core of "scrutiny" and launched a series of teaching links around this core to make the classroom lively and clean. Teachers' teaching is clear-cut, students' learning is accurate, and students' grades are true. It is conceivable that the teacher is also a cheerful teacher, who doesn't like to drag his feet, and the classroom teaching efficiency is high and relatively high. At the moment when inefficient behaviors are flooding the classroom, such teachers and teaching are really rare.
Two wonderful: layer upon layer-deep winding path.
Teacher Wang Yonglin's teaching design has many levels, from "life experience", "push" and "knock" to "text story" and "scrutiny", to the story of poet Jia Dao's bitter singing, and to the classic case of China literary world's scrutiny of words, which can be described as advancing layer by layer, climbing up the stairs and gradually stepping up the stairs. As far as the key content of "scrutiny" is concerned, starting from the literal meaning of experiencing scrutiny, we should understand the story of "scrutiny", summarize the methods of scrutiny, grasp the connotation of scrutiny, feel the spirit of scrutiny, expand the depth of scrutiny, and let students learn a lesson from the winding and secluded experience and appreciate the unique hole of scrutiny.
Sanmiao: The strategy is right-living water for the source.
Do actions and experience the actions of "pushing" and "knocking"; Analyze words and phrases, and summarize the deliberation methods; Supplementing character stories and enhancing the connotation of censorship; Extend and deepen the feeling of examination ... In many teaching strategies, we all feel very smooth, comfortable, simple and practical. Such a design, such a classroom teaching, such a broad vision, such an atmospheric handwriting, should come from teacher Lin Yong's rich accumulation and profound thinking on Chinese teaching.
Of course, we will have more expectations for excellent teachers and excellent classes. For example, we expect this class to pay attention to the integrity of text reading while paying attention to the teaching focus; While carefully designing teaching links, teachers should also strive to promote students' self-study and self-practice. since the enlightenment is complacent. I sincerely hope that Mr. Wang Yonglin can have more and better wonderful courses to share with us!
Instructor Wang Yonglin, male, a senior primary school teacher, is the leader of primary school Chinese in Yancheng, and a member of the reserve senior research class for special-grade teachers in Jiangsu Province. He has won the first prize in excellent Chinese class competitions in Yancheng, Suzhou and Jiangsu provinces. In recent years, he has published more than 30 articles on education and teaching in Jiangsu Education, Primary School Teaching Design, Shandong Education, Hunan Education, Xinjiang Education, Teacher Construction and Young Teachers.
Contact: Wang Yonglin, Zhoufang Primary School, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province
E-mail: fzwangyonglin @163.com QQ:13029018 Tel: 1589554099.
Postal code: 2 15028
Commentator Zhang Dongxing, male, senior middle school teacher, executive director of Hebei Small Language Association, chairman of Cangzhou Small Language Association, editor-in-chief of primary school Chinese course textbook of Hebei Education Press, and outstanding researcher of Hebei Province. He undertook the research of provincial and educational scientific planning projects, and wrote such works as "Enjoy Chinese every day", "Read from another angle" and "Happy Island of Composition". He has been engaged in teaching and research for more than 20 years, and has published many teaching achievements such as teaching materials, teaching AIDS and papers, and won awards. The book Happy Island of Composition won the 20 12 Bingxin Children's Book Award.
Contact: Zhang Dongxing, Institute of Educational Science, Cangzhou Education Bureau, Hebei Province.
Email: czzdx @163.comqq176297005 Tel: 15 103275036.
Postal code: 06 100 1