On juvenile legal education--also on juvenile legal education.
Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy and society, various social problems have emerged, one of which is the rapid rise of juvenile delinquency, which has become a remarkable social phenomenon, and schools are an important place for young people to study and live. School education plays a leading role in the growth of teenagers. How to strengthen school legal education is an important way to prevent juvenile delinquency.
[Keywords:] Mental health of juvenile delinquency legal education
First, the status quo of juvenile delinquency
Teenagers are an important period of life development. Teenagers are innocent, especially students at school. They should learn cultural knowledge in the ivory tower, but they can face the impact of knowledge economy and the influence of social environment. Juvenile delinquency has attracted more and more attention from all walks of life. Preventing and reducing juvenile delinquency is a problem that everyone should care about and pay attention to.
1, the concept of juvenile delinquency
Juvenile delinquency is not a strict legal concept in China, but a concept that is often used in crime research and real life. Juvenile delinquency generally refers to crimes committed by teenagers as special subjects, and also refers to various crimes committed due to subjective and objective reasons at this specific stage of children's transition to adults. We can define it as: people aged 65,438+04 to 25 have committed acts that endanger society and violated the law, and should be punished according to law.
2. Types of juvenile delinquency
The types of juvenile delinquency are violent crimes, economic cases and emotional crimes.
Second, the causes of juvenile delinquency
1, social impact. Some unhealthy tendencies and corruption in society inevitably corrode teenagers, distort their world outlook and values, spread spiritual garbage in society, seriously corrode teenagers' souls and bring them many negative effects.
2. Family influence. Because minors are competitive, plastic and good at imitation, but their ability and will to distinguish right from wrong and self-control are relatively weak, they often imitate some people with poor publicity and bad behavior as idols. Due to the special relationship between parents and children, all kinds of bad behaviors of parents will have an intuitive impact on children and stimulate children to imitate the bad behaviors of adults. Parents' emotional disharmony or divorce is extremely harmful to their children, especially parents who abandon their children at home, or parents who rebuild their families after divorce and regard their children as a burden. These are the genes that breed crime in the minds of minors.
3. school. The defect of school education is another important reason for juvenile delinquency. School is the first place to receive education. A person has been in school for more than 12 years from primary school to high school. Schools play an important role in cultivating young people to form a correct world outlook, outlook on life, values and healthy sentiments. But in recent years, some schools have unilaterally pursued the enrollment rate and relaxed moral education, and some have appeared? Teaching without educating people? Situation, right? Double poor students? (that is, poor study and poor grades) Education management is quite ineffective, causing their resistance and rebellious psychology.
4. Teenagers' own quality is not high and their resistance ability is poor. Due to the low cultural quality of most juvenile delinquents, their ability to distinguish right from wrong is poor, and because of their ignorance and blindness, it is difficult to cope with the influence from all aspects of society. They can't stand the temptation, they are easy to be used by others, or they can't control their emotions, they are loyal to things, and they are reckless, so they embark on the road of crime.
Thirdly, strengthening school legal education is an important way to prevent juvenile delinquency.
School education is the basic way for minors to acquire knowledge, and comprehensive education is the basic duty of schools. However, some schools unilaterally pursue the enrollment rate, and the moral and legal education is obviously weak. In the past three years, the Shunyi District Court of Beijing has accepted 22 criminal cases of minors11person, aged 17 years old. A considerable number of minors have misunderstandings in their understanding, namely? /kloc-What are the characteristics of crimes committed by people under 0/8? Strengthen the legal, ideological and moral education for teenagers, guide them to establish correct values, world outlook and outlook on life, pay attention to ways, methods and strategies in education, and guide teenagers' thoughts to a healthy and upward track.
Fourth, to strengthen legal education in schools, we must take a multi-pronged approach and establish an educational network that combines society, schools and families.
1. The departments of politics, law and education should cooperate with each other, give full play to the role of schools, and do a good job in the legal education of students.
The school should establish close cooperation with the comprehensive management office of the city, county and town, the Legislative Affairs Bureau, the Judicial Bureau, the Public Security Bureau and the local police station, and employ relevant personnel as the vice president of the school's legal system. Qi Xin makes concerted efforts to improve students' legal education. Through the coordination meeting, schools hold a ceremony to sign a four-party agreement with schools, police stations and parents at the beginning of each school year, clarifying the obligations of schools, police stations, parents and students, encouraging parents to actively participate in educating their children and promoting students to consciously abide by laws and regulations. In the process of implementation, the school will convene the police station and parents to participate in the situation analysis meeting from time to time to exchange the performance of students with learning difficulties in the school, society and family, and jointly take targeted measures to strengthen the transformation education of students with learning difficulties. Progress award? .
2. Cooperate with public security, industry and commerce, culture and education departments, and do a good job in rectifying the surrounding environment and cultural market of the school.
The public security department should not only deal with the problem of extortion of students by social criminals on the road, but also make specific research and deployment to strengthen the public security management of the surrounding environment of the school and protect the safety of students. Strengthen population management, find out the situation of juvenile delinquency, timely grasp the situation of dropouts, underachievers, students with learning difficulties and people who have lost their feet, queue up by classification, determine the key points, combine help and education, strengthen the public entertainment places where teenagers often set foot, establish a cultural life space conducive to the healthy growth of teenagers, and prevent their hearts from being eroded and polluted. The judicial department should focus on popularizing the law and extensively carry out the education of popularizing the law among young people. Cultural departments should strictly control, rectify the cultural market environment and eradicate? Garbage culture? , resolutely ban and crack down on the creation and dissemination of negative culture. Every year, the government should organize a large-scale action involving public security, industry and commerce, culture, education and other departments to clean up and rectify the surrounding environment of the school, and clean up and close the commercial song and dance entertainment halls, electronic film and television halls and other entertainment places within 200 meters of the surrounding area. For decentralized commercial electronic game rooms, those that are closed should be closed, and those that cannot be closed can be managed centrally.
3. While carrying out legal education, schools should take practical measures to strengthen the combination of school education and family education and jointly prevent juvenile delinquency.
Schools should strengthen contact with families, give full play to the role of parent schools, invite relevant experts or leaders from local governments, police stations, women's federations and other relevant departments to strengthen the guidance of family education and guide them to adopt correct ways and means to educate their children in line with the laws of physical and mental development of teenagers; Remind parents to have a high sense of social responsibility, improve their own quality, pay attention to words and deeds, and set an example for children in a harmonious family environment.
refer to
1, Case Analysis of Current Laws in People's Republic of China (PRC), Kyushu Press, Liu Jiachen, April 2002.
2. Youth Studies, Yang Xiaomei 1999, Seventh Issue.
3. Sociology of Crime Wu China Audit Press China Social Press 200 1 year.