University is an important stop in the journey of life. Every year, freshmen will have many problems, so adaptive education in university is particularly important. The following is my research paper on the content of adaptive education in universities, and I will share it with you.
Abstract: University adaptation runs through the whole university stage, including learning adaptation, professional identity, life adaptation and psychological adaptation. In order to improve the adaptability of colleges and universities, colleges and universities should carry out freshmen's entrance education in time, continue to infiltrate professional ideological education, introduce career planning education as soon as possible, rely on campus culture to carry out quality education and actively carry out mental health education.
Keywords: university adaptability; Entrance education; Professional education; Career planning education; Quality education; Mental health education
College adaptation refers to the process that college students adjust themselves actively according to the characteristics of higher education, so as to achieve a balance between their own development and the development of college study and life. University stage is a transitional period for students to enter social work from school education, and whether they can successfully pass this period is very important for their future study, life and work. University adaptation is a continuous process, not only for freshmen, but also throughout the whole university stage.
First, the content of university adaptation
? Does the university feel confused and empty? This is a feeling that many college students have had, and it is a manifestation of the low adaptability of universities. College students have achieved the goal of college entrance examination, and they need to establish new learning goals and life goals after entering the university. With a clear goal, we can better determine our own direction and put it into action. University adaptation mainly includes the following contents:
Learn to adapt
It is found that college students, especially freshmen, have a certain degree of learning adaptability problems, and their learning adaptability is different in school types and gender. Students in comprehensive schools have the best learning adaptability, and boys are significantly better than girls. [1] There are great differences in school management, teaching mode and learning methods between university learning and middle school learning. In school management, universities pay more attention to self-management and weaken class management. Due to the increase of free time, many college students are at a loss when facing these free time. They are also accustomed to relying on teachers, lacking self-management ability and wasting a lot of spare time. In the teaching mode, due to the variety of university courses, the amount of knowledge in each course is very large, and teachers will not completely follow the book in class. Many college students are not adapted to this teaching mode, which leads to learning difficulties. In terms of learning methods, university learning is more autonomous, which requires college students to cultivate good autonomous learning ability, learn to arrange time reasonably, make learning plans, and constantly explore suitable learning methods. In addition, university study is not the whole of students, and college students should actively participate in various social practice activities to comprehensively improve their comprehensive ability.
Professional identity
Universities are divided into majors, and what they study is majors. Professional identity affects college students' learning attitude and behavior. When college students have a sense of identity with their major, they will have positive feelings for their major, and then have positive learning motivation and show good learning behavior; On the other hand, if the professional identity is low, it is likely to show learning burnout and other behaviors. The research shows that the choice of professional volunteers, professional employment prospects, professional learning conditions, professional types, grades and school types will all affect college students' professional identity. [2] The higher the degree of professional identity, the stronger the learning motivation and the more attention paid to the use of learning strategies. [3] Therefore, college students should actively cultivate their professional interests, stimulate their professional enthusiasm, and recognize the value of their majors in order to adapt to the professional study of universities.
(3) Adapt to life
Universities require students to live independently and integrate into collective life. Especially for freshmen, it is inevitable to feel lonely when they come to a strange place far away from home. Especially for foreign college students, there are still problems in adapting to the new climate, new language and culture, new eating habits and living habits. For college students who are accustomed to the care of their parents, they need to exercise their ability to face life alone, arrange their own lives and handle daily affairs in college. For college students who have no dormitory life experience, how to integrate well into the collective life and get along well with their dormitory classmates is also a life adaptation problem before them.
Psychological adaptation
A person's mental adaptability determines his mental health level. The research shows that college students' psychological adaptation level is average and their psychological adaptation ability is poor. [4] For example, learning anxiety or exam anxiety may occur due to inadaptability in learning; Because the major is not ideal, it may cause frustration and lead to depression; Due to the inadaptability in interpersonal relationship, loneliness or interpersonal anxiety may occur. The psychological adaptation of college students mainly includes self-correlation adaptation and interpersonal adaptation. Self-correlation adaptation mainly refers to: on the one hand, after the college entrance examination, students from all corners of the country flock to universities. Facing the strange new environment, college students should re-recognize themselves, have objective and correct self-evaluation and actively accept themselves; On the other hand, after entering the university, the school, major, life and study may be quite different from their own imagination. Facing the psychological gap, college students should be able to adjust themselves actively. Interpersonal communication in universities is more complex, extensive and important. Due to the changes of communication objects and the great differences in living habits, growth experience and personality, college students should be able to open themselves up, accept others, actively communicate with their classmates, actively improve their interpersonal skills and establish stable and good interpersonal relationships.
Second, improve the adaptability of university education
(a) to carry out freshman education in a timely manner.
After freshmen enter school, they should be educated at different levels by class, department and school, so that freshmen can fully understand the brand-new university environment. The contents of entrance education should include: first, the situation of the school and departments, so that college students can understand the history and development of the school, the comprehensive situation, development and future prospects of the major, guide them to love the major, stimulate their interest in the major, and establish their professional confidence. The second is school management education, including the education of school rules and regulations and management systems, such as credit system, reward and punishment system, and leave cancellation system. It is beneficial for college students to adapt to the management mode of colleges and universities and develop good behavior habits. Third, the education of ideals and beliefs, educating college students to establish a correct outlook on life, world outlook and values, adjusting themselves as soon as possible, re-establishing the goals in the new stage and determining the direction of efforts. Fourthly, the study style education helps college students to understand the difference between university study and middle school, arrange their time reasonably, adjust their study methods, and correctly handle the relationship between study and community activities. The main body of freshmen's entrance education includes not only party and government cadres, counselors and professional teachers in colleges and universities, but also classmates and parents of students. Counselors should go deep into students' dormitories, care about students, get to know them, have regular heart-to-heart talks with students, and hold theme class meetings so that freshmen can feel the warmth of the class. Carry out exchange meetings between old and new students, invite outstanding seniors to impart experience to new students, pay attention to the power of role models, and give full play to the educational role of peer groups. At the same time, parents of students should also actively participate, often communicate with their children, strengthen cooperation between schools and parents, and help freshmen integrate into university life as soon as possible.
(B) continuous infiltration of professional ideological education
Professional ideological education is carried out for college students from the beginning of freshmen's entrance education, and runs through the whole university learning process. For junior students, pay attention to the correct knowledge and understanding of the major, stimulate professional interest, clarify professional goals, and explore learning methods suitable for the major; For senior students, we should pay attention to the love of the major, the recognition of the professional value, establish the professional ideal consistent with the major and cultivate the professional practice ability. Give full play to the role of professional teachers and infiltrate professional education into the usual teaching work. Professional teachers should influence students through their love for their majors and personality charm, and guide college students to establish professional confidence. Select professional teachers as student tutors and implement them? Tutorial system? Answer professional puzzles for students and guide them to participate in various academic and scientific research activities. Invite domain experts to give academic lectures in time, broaden college students' horizons, make them understand the research status and professional status at home and abroad, and help college students understand their majors in depth.
(C) the introduction of career planning education as soon as possible
College students' career planning is an activity that college students know their own conditions and future jobs during their study in school, and make purposeful and planned arrangements and adjustments for their college study and life based on this understanding to meet the needs of future work development. [5] Career planning can help college students set clear goals, formulate practical measures with a development perspective, constantly correct their own direction, and finally realize their career goals. It can not only plan personal career prospects, but also help college students understand themselves correctly and realize their self-worth continuously. Career planning education should be carried out continuously in stages. Freshmen mainly carry out education on employment situation and professional awareness, sophomores and juniors mainly carry out education and practice on career planning, and seniors mainly carry out education on career choice and employment. [6]
(D) relying on campus culture to carry out quality education
Campus culture construction is an important way to realize quality education for college students. Carry out a variety of campus cultural activities, such as various cultural and sports activities, social practice activities, group day activities, etc. It is beneficial to enhance college students' sense of collective belonging, to express and show themselves, to strengthen communication and exchange among students, to create a good style of study and a positive campus cultural atmosphere, and to help college students better adapt to college life.
(5) Actively carry out mental health education.
In view of college students' psychological adaptation, actively carry out mental health education. After entering the school, freshmen will be screened for psychological status, and psychological files will be established, focusing on students with psychological problems, students from poor families and underachievers. Offering mental health education courses for college students, organizing mental health lectures and group counseling on various topics, and strengthening psychological counseling to help college students relieve their psychological confusion. Educate college students to know themselves correctly, evaluate themselves positively, accept themselves bravely, understand the gap between ideal self and realistic self, and actively improve themselves. Educate college students to learn interpersonal skills, accept others and establish harmonious interpersonal relationships with their classmates under the principle of equality and respect. Educate college students to master the methods of emotional adjustment and solve negative emotions reasonably. Educate college students to shape positive personality traits and make them feel happier in college life.
References:
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[2] Qin. Characteristics of College Students' Professional Identity and Related Research [D]. Chongqing: Southwest University, 2009.
[3] Xu Huachen. Research on the relationship between college students' professional identity and autonomous learning [D]. Nanning: Guangxi Teachers College, 20 14.
[4] Wang Xiaohong. Psychological adaptability of freshmen [J]. China Clinical Rehabilitation, 2006(42):3 1-33.
[5] Ren Caifeng. The value and realization of the combination of college students' career planning education and ideological and political education in colleges and universities [J]. Party building and ideological education in schools, 2009( 12):68-70.
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