Personal quality education means that students can achieve quality education to some extent by improving their learning methods under the environment of exam-oriented education. And this learning method is called personal quality education learning method. The accurate definition of personal quality education is:
1. Students strive to practice an advanced learning style required by quality education in the exam-oriented education environment.
Students in the exam-oriented education environment are not powerless to their own study and life. With students' dominant position in learning, they can still exert their subjective initiative and improve their learning methods to the maximum extent according to the requirements of quality education, so as to realize their own quality education.
2. The combination of quality education and exam-oriented education
Because students are inevitably in an exam-oriented environment, it is impossible to fully realize quality education, so personal quality education will definitely contain some factors of exam-oriented education. For example, although the fundamental purpose is to improve the overall quality, the primary purpose is to get high marks and so on.
3. Experience summary of most outstanding students
Because of the one-sidedness, narrowness and inefficiency of exam-oriented education, practitioners who are not very talented in exam-oriented education often study hard and have poor results, so it is difficult to achieve excellent results. Apart from congenital factors, the fundamental reason why most excellent students can get good grades is that they have practiced an advanced learning method that takes both scores and abilities into account and absorbs the advantages of exam-oriented education and quality education, that is, the personal quality education learning method.
Personal quality education is the intermediary of the transition from exam-oriented education to quality education. The reasons are as follows: in terms of breadth, one's quality education is the premise for all students to realize quality education; In depth, realizing the mixed learning mode of exam-oriented education and quality education is the basis of realizing quality education in a complete sense. The constraints of quality education include legal constraints, organizational constraints and cultural constraints. In terms of legal constraints and organizational constraints, it can also be divided into four links.
① Decision-making process is the process of making decisions on the direction, content and strength of constraints. For example, the Ministry of Education issued the Emergency Notice on Reducing the Overweight Burden of Primary School Students (June 5438+1October 3, 2000), which stipulated a number of "No's", and at the same time stipulated: "Once verified, violations that increase the burden on students must be dealt with seriously, and the relevant responsible persons should be given corresponding administrative sanctions. "Some local education administrative departments have also formulated normative documents such as' three chapters of the contract' and' ten prohibitions', including penalties for violations. These are the correct decisions made on the basis of investigation and study.
(2) Implementation link, which is the process of implementing binding means. This process is also a process of contradiction and conflict between constraint and anti-constraint, which requires not only a realistic attitude and meticulous work style, but also the firm determination of the executors and the momentum of strict law enforcement to safeguard the authority of decision-making and ensure its real implementation. It is reported that in order to solve the problem of teachers' salary arrears, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province has established a system of accountability. Where teachers' salaries cannot be paid, the responsibility of the "number one" shall be investigated first. If teachers' salaries are not paid, the salaries of county (district) secretaries, county (district) chiefs and government cadres will be stopped. Only 40 days later, the salaries of 5293 teachers in the city were all settled.
③ Monitoring link. This refers to the process in which decision-making bodies supervise, inspect and standardize the execution links and the objects to be bound, and it is also a process in which deviant behaviors are punished.
④ Feedback link. Whether the relevant constraint decision is correct, whether the constraint has achieved the expected effect, and whether the whole constraint process can run well, it is necessary to obtain exact information through the feedback link to further adjust the decision-making, implementation, monitoring and other links. The guarantee mechanism of quality education operation refers to providing necessary basic conditions for quality education operation. Dialectical materialism holds that the existence and development of all concrete things are conditional, and isolated things that do not need any conditions do not exist. Establishing and perfecting the guarantee mechanism of quality education is to provide the basic conditions needed to ensure the normal operation of quality education.
The guarantee mechanism of quality education mainly includes two links. First of all, we must ensure that the school's funds and facilities meet the prescribed standards. Article 25 of the Education Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the growth of financial allocation for education by people's governments at all levels should be higher than the growth of recurrent financial revenue, and the average education funds according to the number of students in school should be gradually increased to ensure the gradual increase of teachers' salaries and public funds per student (referred to as "three increases"). The overall situation is not optimistic. Up to now, many schools, especially those in mountainous areas, are still at the stage of "blackboard+chalk", and some schools even have to supply chalk in limited quantities. There are few teaching instruments, books, sports venues and equipment that schools should have. The salaries of teachers in many schools are often defaulted and deducted, and the funds for further study and training are even more out of the question. Students' life is monotonous, narrow-minded and ignorant. How can they improve and develop comprehensively? Secondly, weak schools, especially those in compulsory education, should carry out effective reforms as soon as possible, mainly referring to schools with poor school conditions, poor school level, poor teaching quality and poor social reputation. In recent years, the proportion of only children is getting higher and higher, and parents are paying more and more attention to their children's future. In the growing trend of "choosing schools", schools with good conditions are overcrowded, weak schools are unsustainable, teachers and students are traumatized, and confidence is further weakened, forming a vicious circle. These phenomena are not conducive to maintaining the normal educational order, the equality of citizens' right to education and learning, and the implementation of quality education. Social demand is the power source of quality education. Improving people's quality is not only the need of survival, but also the need of development; It is not only the objective need of social development, but also the subjective need of individual self-improvement; It is not only the needs of individuals, but also the needs of the sustainable development of society, the country and all mankind. As far as a region is concerned, improving people's quality can effectively promote the quality of community residents, meet the needs of community development, and meet the common fundamental interests of all people, including students and their parents. This is an inexhaustible motive force for implementing quality education. It can be said that the motivation of implementing quality education is objective and very realistic. The key is that the value of quality education has not been fully revealed. A few schools and parents mistakenly believe that the implementation of quality education will harm their own interests and produce some resistance. Therefore, to establish the dynamic mechanism of quality education, we must first turn resistance into motivation.
The dynamic mechanism of quality education mainly includes three links. ① The link of power source development is to stimulate people's internal demand for quality development, especially to guide people to change the simple and one-sided diploma demand into the pursuit of quality. (2) Power transformation, which transforms the potential power needed by excellent quality into the practical power to pursue excellent quality and into the practical action to participate in quality education. ⑧ Power feedback refers to the process that the output result of the whole power mechanism affects the operation of the power mechanism. Through feedback, the subject of power can obtain relevant information, so as to adjust the direction, intensity and persistence of his power accordingly. The incentive mechanism of quality education is a guiding process. It includes four links.
1. Guide link.
Before the promulgation of the "Decision", people lacked a unified understanding of basic concepts such as quality and quality education, so for a time, schools all over the country spontaneously carried out relatively disorderly practical exploration according to their own understanding of quality education. The promulgation of the "Decision" provides a policy basis for forming a unified understanding of some basic issues of quality education and points out the direction for the healthy development of quality education. The ideological understanding and specific actions of all localities and schools should be unified into the "Decision". Local governments should concretize the overall goal of "improving national quality and enhancing comprehensive national strength" into the goal of improving the quality of local residents, enhancing regional comprehensive strength and promoting regional economic and social development, so as to make this goal a banner and give full play to its functions of cohesion, encouragement, integration and encouragement. To borrow a word from Comrade Bin Liu, we should hold high the banner of quality education, strengthen the public opinion of quality education, make full use of the momentum of quality education and grasp it with confidence.
2. Detection link, that is, evaluation link.
According to the objectives, principles and systems of quality education of the government and relevant departments, the institutions and personnel implementing quality education are tested and evaluated. Including hard evaluation and soft evaluation, the former refers to the systematic inspection and evaluation of quality education by government departments (including education supervision organs) in accordance with established relevant regulations, and the comprehensive or certain systematic inspection and evaluation of institutions and staff implementing quality education such as lower-level governments, schools, libraries, museums, juvenile officials, education bases and community education committees, which is authoritative. The latter refers to the evaluation of schools and teachers' work by public opinion, including media reports on schools and teachers' work, comments from parents and social people, etc.
3. Distribution link.
According to the evaluation results, social resources will be allocated to relevant units and individuals according to certain procedures. The distribution of social resources includes both material things, such as increasing wages, distributing bonuses and prizes, and spiritual things, such as awarding honorary titles, promoting professional titles, and awarding medals and certificates.
4. Feedback link.
In the feedback link, we should pay special attention to two issues, one is whether the distribution results are consistent with the evaluation results, and the other is how those units and individuals who have less social resources adjust their ideas and behaviors. We should constantly and timely adjust the objectives, means and process of incentives according to the needs, so as to make them more reasonable, fair, sound and perfect, so that those units and individuals who are motivated can become examples for other units and individuals to learn, and make the quality education advocated by the government concrete, easily accepted by the public, and thus spread to the whole society.