The founder of the famous Fengtailong Tea Shop, and one of the founders of Tan Yang Kung Fu Black Tea, which is well-known at home and abroad. According to the genealogy, Shi Guangling "worked hard, advised Jia, learned from British businessmen, and bought China tea modestly, which was also for the public". At that time, the foreign powers, represented by Britain, invaded China by force, and at the same time transported ships of opium into China, taking away thousands of silver, plunging the people of China into poverty and losing their lives. The owner of the tea shop, represented by Shi Guangling, exchanged ships of black tea for a lot of silver, which brought prosperity to his hometown. [1] Tanyang Village was originally a little-known village at the foot of Baiyun Mountain in Fu 'an. However, when history entered the first year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty, this village became famous all over the world because it created a kind of black tea which was later named "Tan Yang Kung Fu".
Tanyang Village is located in Shekou Town, about 20 kilometers northwest of Fu 'an City, surrounded by peaks. Starting from the town, we walked along the mountain stream, crossed the Longfeng Bridge and Zhenwu Bridge, and arrived in Tan Yang, where we were suddenly enlightened and beautiful at the foot of the Fragrant Hills in Guangxi.
Guo, a Qing man, wrote in The Story of Tanyang Village: "Up to now, there are four mountains in a row, and a river flows, and chickens and dogs hear about each other and prosper. Tea is exquisitely made and rich, with Wuyi style. Foreigners also call it Xiaowuyi. " The so-called "Wuyi style" and "small Wuyi in other countries" mean that the production technology of foreign kung fu black tea originated from Wuyi and is unique in the eyes of foreigners. However, it seems that foreigners in Tanzania are not satisfied with the title of "Little Wuyi", perhaps to distinguish it from black tea in Wuyishan. Tanzanian foreigners renamed the black tea created in their village "Tan Yang Kung Fu".
At that time, Tan Yang Kung Fu was amazed at the elegant afternoon tea in Britain for the first time and was cherished by the royal family. Therefore, "British businessmen buy China tea, focusing on Tan Yang production", and Tan Yang Kung Fu was once popular in the British Isles.
The increasing overseas trade of black tea has injected vitality into Tanyang Village, making it a place where tea merchants from all directions flock to make money, and Tanyang Village soon prospered. From Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty to Guangxu period, tea merchants from all directions opened 36 tea shops in Tan Yang, and many tea merchants and farmers settled here one after another. In Tanyang Village, there are many warehouses of teahouses, and the courtyards of long streets and alleys are deep. From here came out a group of all-powerful Bohai tea merchants, such as Shi Guangling, Hu, Wu Buyun, Shi Changyu and Hu. In the past, every spring, the streets and cities in the village were "bustling", the fragrance of tea floated, and the bright moon lingered, just like a clear picture of the tea village. Folk songs sing: "In March, when Tan Yang is in a good season, the tea shop is in the middle of the street" and "When the tea season comes, a thousand bags of tea bags pave the way and make the bed", which is a portrayal of the bustling market and busy tea season in Tanyang Village.
However, prosperity is like a dream. The First World War blocked land and sea traffic, coupled with the government's exorbitant taxes, merchants' adulteration, and the rise of Indian black tea, the Tan Yang Kung Fu market shrank rapidly, and the century-old prosperity of Tanyang Village gradually turned yellow and faded into a dusty history. The life of the tea villagers is bleak, leaving only Sunset Lane and ancient houses.
Reform and opening up, such as the mighty spring breeze and spring rain, have made Qian Shan green, and thousands of trees have sprouted. When I wake up, I feel that the dead tree meets the spring and I am gradually resurrecting myself.
In 200 1 year, Fu 'an City was named "China Tea Town" by the state because of its 300,000 mu tea garden and famous tea. In 2006, Tan Yang Gongfu was approved as a national "geographical indication protection product". 20 10 won the title of "China Famous Trademark". Tan Yang Kung Fu-the beauty in red at the foot of Baiyun Mountain finally washed her face again, reappearing the character of "ecology, harmony, health and nobility", and the mellow and romantic red color went to the world.
Wind and rain covered bridges, Tianhou Palace, tea farm, earth carved building, tea merchant's residence, Han ancestral temple, old-fashioned oil mill ... In today's tea town, there are still many ancient architectural relics related to tea. Strolling through the alleys with blue bricks and green tiles and reliving the ups and downs of Tan Yang Kung Fu is like going back to history. Tea culture is a kind of leisure culture in a sense, which is closely related to leisure and tourism activities. At the same time, drinking tea is good for health. Tea contains more than 450 kinds of organic compounds and is also rich in minerals. It is recorded in medical books of past dynasties that tea has 20 kinds of medicinal effects, 265,438+09 kinds. Since ancient times, people have also used tea to cultivate self-cultivation and cultivate sentiment. In modern life, drinking tea can also harmonize interpersonal relationships, enrich cultural life and improve people's quality. For Fuan, the development of tea culture tourism is based on rich tea culture tourism resources, which meets the needs of urban development and the development trend of contemporary leisure tourism.
1. To create a rural leisure environment, it is necessary to develop tea culture tourism resources.
Tan Yang is a demonstration village for the construction of new countryside in our city. Through the construction of new countryside, it will give people a more comfortable village suitable for living and leisure, which also provides favorable conditions for the development of rural tourism. Developing tea culture tourism and creating rural tea culture leisure is the only way for our city to develop rural tourism and create a leisure village.
2. To promote the development of tourism and develop tea culture.
Tea culture tourism is a kind of experience tourism and also a kind of cultural tourism. Fuan is short of tourism products, so developing characteristic tourism and experiencing tea culture tourism is the only way for our city to get rid of single tourism products and move towards diversification of tourism products. Developing tea culture tourism meets the needs of the in-depth development of Fu 'an tourism.
3. Revitalize the tea industry and promote the economic development of Fuan.
On the one hand, the development of tea culture tourism can help "Tan Yang Kung Fu" tea brand go to the whole country, improve its popularity, increase its sales volume and revitalize the tea industry; On the other hand, developing tea culture tourism, promoting the interaction and integration of tea industry, tourism industry and cultural industry, promoting tea through tourism and driving farmers to get rich can promote rural economy and tourism economy. Tan Yang kungfu tea is a world-famous tea both at home and abroad, and the origin of this world-famous tea, Tan Yang, once spread far and wide with the footprint of Tan Yang kungfu tea.
"Tea season, one thousand people, tea bags make the bed.
The street lights are bright and the troupe sings all night.
When you crossed the street, your new clothes were torn.
Silver is measured, and the boat is moored at Qingfeng Bridge. "
This is a local ballad, which describes the prosperous scene of Tan Yang in those days. When Tan Yang Kung Fu became an instant hit, people at home and abroad made various speculations about Tan Yang, who only knew his name. Some people described Tan Yang as a bustling metropolis, and peanuts were the best place for tea merchants to dig gold. Some people say that it is a beautiful manor full of tea fragrance, as beautiful as heaven. ...
Now, when the reporter once again set foot on this village that created "Tan Yang Kung Fu", the prosperity of Tan Yang in the past has faded here, and only the tea fragrance in the mountains remains.
The footprints are vivid, and Wuqiao is entrusted with the simple prayers of the tea people.
Take a tricycle from Shekou Town, Fu 'an City to Tan Yang. This road is more than two meters wide and spirals along the mountainside. It was raining lightly at that time, and the tea mountains far and near were foggy in the rain. Nearly 15 minutes, the driver said that Tan Yang had arrived. At this time, the first thing you see is a covered bridge, and a slate mark engraved with the words "Tan Yang" stands on one side of the covered bridge. After the driver introduced it, he realized that this is Zhenwu Bridge, a tea trading bridge located at the entrance of Tan Yang village.
Zhenwu Bridge is the first landscape in Tanyang Village, with wooden corridors and stone and wood combined. Seen from a distance, the bridge is made up of numerous pavilions covered with tiles, and the bottom is made of granite, which spans the Tanyang River in an arch shape. Walking into the bridge, a short hanging post is hung at both ends of each cross beam, and a lantern-shaped wood carving is hung under each hanging post, surrounded by flowers, plants, insects and fish. The wooden pillars and shrines are painted with a layer of red, and the whole covered bridge presents a strong visual effect.
According to local villagers, Zhenwu Bridge used to be an important passage from Fuan to Shouning. It was also the busiest place for tea transportation at that time. The waterway under the bridge can be used by ships, and tea is transported from here to all parts of Europe. Speaking of the origin of Zhenwu Bridge, Hu, secretary of the village party branch, also told a story about "Kung Fu".
In the fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (137 1), a tea farmer named Hu Fusi in Tanyang Village planted a kind of tea called Tanyang Cabbage Tea, which was planted by tea farmers in eight neighboring towns. In order to facilitate the transaction, local tea farmers built this covered bridge on the ancient road from Fu 'an to Shouning. However, the covered bridge in Tan Yang has been robbed many times since its completion. Therefore, in the second year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1876), Shi Guangling, a military juror, was rebuilt with Emperor Zhenwu as the seat. Zhenwu is the god in charge of the north and fire and water. He holds two generals, the tortoise and the snake, so he is regarded as a patron saint by the people in the tea house.
Whenever the tea market is open, or on the third day of March and the fifth day of May in the lunar calendar, tea farmers in Tan Yang will place offerings and light a wick to pray for the safety of the covered bridge and the prosperity of the tea city. It can be seen that Zhenwu Bridge is more than just a bridge in the eyes of Tan Yang tea farmers. With the prosperity and decline of Tan Yang Kung Fu, it has become a traditional folk culture through historical evolution, which contains the deep and simple wishes of local tea farmers for tea.
Now, standing on Zhenwu Bridge, we can see the history of Tan Yang in miniature. The stream under the bridge is clear and seems to be a stream that can be crossed. Once prosperous transactions are frequently staged here. There are lush trees by the bridge, and through a little green, the once prosperous teahouse is close at hand.
Centennial ancient tea street is bustling like a dream.
Not far from Zhenwu Bridge, they entered Tanyang Village. Most villagers live in the south bank of Tanyang River, and the county road passes through the village, which has become the downtown area of the village. Tanyang village is divided into upper street and lower street, and almost all the ancient houses here were built in the prosperous times. According to the records of Fuan County, there were 36 tea shops in Tan Yang Street in its heyday, which produced more than 20,000 boxes of dry tea every year. This is Tan Yang Xia Jie. Under the leadership of Hu, the reporter climbed the stone steps from the entrance of an arch on the roadside and entered the lower street.
The whole Xia Jie Street is a narrow alley, which is particularly quiet. On both sides of the alley are high mud walls, yellow and red, peeling off a little, and the remaining quotations from Chairman Mao are faintly discernible.
Although the ancient tea shops on both sides of Gu Xiang are somewhat shabby, they can't hide the prosperity of the past. The building of the tea shop is not surprising from a distance. You can take a closer look at a very tall, street-facing, spacious wing with two or three floors and four floors at most. According to Hu's ideological trend, tea shops buy tea at the bottom; On the second floor, fans, flat screens and other equipment are placed for refining; The third floor is the warehouse; If there are four floors, it is workers' housing. "Today, there are still tea farmers making and researching tea in these ancient tea shops, and passing on their Tan Yang Kung Fu from generation to generation." Standing in front of the ancient tea house, Hu was full of thoughts.
Walk along the county road from Xiajie for almost 200 meters to Shangjie. The five deep curtilage courtyards at the foot of the mountain at the end of the street are particularly eye-catching. According to Hu's thinking, most of the five ancient houses, Yixiantang, Erxiantang, Sanxiantang, Sixiantang and Wuxiantang, have a history of a hundred years, and most of the owners of the houses are surnamed Wang.
Hu Ideological Trend told reporters that people in the village call these mansions "six fans and eight corridors", that is to say, each mansion is composed of six halls and eight wings, with spacious patios, cloisters, fish ponds, flower beds, huge halls, carved beams and painted buildings, and antique. In front of some gates, there is also a "sedan chair pavilion" In the past, both dignitaries and wealthy businessmen had to get off the sedan chair to enter the house, which was enough to show the rich side of Tan Yang.