The Rules for Kindergarten Work (Trial) issued by the State Education Commission 1989 stipulates that the principles of kindergarten education are: the development of physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic aspects should penetrate each other and be organically combined; Follow the law of children's physical and mental development, conform to children's age characteristics, pay attention to individual differences, teach children in accordance with their aptitude, and guide children's healthy personality development; For all children, love children and adhere to positive education of encouragement, inspiration and induction.
Organize all aspects of educational content reasonably and comprehensively, and penetrate into children's daily life activities, and give full play to the interactive role of various educational means; Create a good environment suitable for education and provide opportunities and conditions for children's activities and performance; Taking games as the basic activity, education is included in various activities. According to the laws of physical and mental development of children aged 0-6, the principles of preschool education can be summarized as follows:
1. Education that adapts to all ages and individual development from prenatal education.
2. Promote preschool children's physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic development and healthy personality development.
3. Adults' care for preschool children should be combined with education.
4, induced by interest, grow in the game.
5. Create a suitable environment and give full play to its educational function.
Preschool education is an undergraduate major in colleges and universities, which belongs to pedagogy. This major trains compound talents with good ideological and moral quality and solid professional knowledge in preschool education, who can engage in teaching support, research and management in teaching support institutions, education administrative departments and other related institutions.
Development history of preschool education:
/kloc-In the late 20th century, the development of biology, physiology, psychology and children's psychology provided favorable conditions for revealing the laws of preschool education, thus promoting the development of preschool education. The representatives of preschool education in the "New Education" movement, Italian educator Montessori and Belgian educator Crowley, put forward their own ideas and theories of preschool education through their research and experiments.
Montessori put forward that preschool children go through various sensitive periods and it is easy to learn some knowledge and skills; Education mainly lies in providing an environment suitable for children's development and promoting self-development through children's free activities. She emphasized sensory education and designed a set of games and teaching materials.
But her training method is mechanical and divorced from the real life of children. De Crowley also advocates providing a suitable environment for children, but he believes that children should be active in groups and learn in real life, "so that children can prepare for life in life."
His education system is based on three processes: observation, association and expression (through activities, through oral language, writing and handwork). He also attached importance to and personally wrote some teaching games. Montessori, De Crowley and others promoted the development of preschool education. By the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, China began to pay attention to the establishment of preschool education institutions.