The essence of higher education is to fundamentally answer "What is higher education?"

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The essence of higher education (reveal: it fundamentally answers "What is higher education?" )

I. Explanation of terms

1. Higher education

It is a professional education based on complete secondary education and a social activity to train all kinds of senior professionals.

The basic characteristics of higher education are: the high specialization of educational nature and task, the physical and mental maturity of educational objects, and the complex spirit of educational labor.

2. Social standard values

Social standard values are the viewpoint of determining the value of higher education from the needs of social development;

It is emphasized that the main value of higher education lies in cultivating specialized talents for society and promoting national political, economic and social development.

Emphasize civic education, professional education and vocational education.

3. Personal values

Individual-oriented values are the viewpoint of determining the value of higher education from individual needs and individual rational development.

It is emphasized that the main value of higher education lies in developing the individual rationality and perfecting the personality of the educated.

Emphasize general education, humanities education and general education (general education)

Two. Short Answer Questions

1. What do you think of social standard values and individual standard values?

The emergence of two values is the product of history;

Both values have their rationality and limitations;

We should adopt the idea of integration, not one-way choice, make dynamic adjustment according to the current disadvantages and combine the choices of various countries.

Three. Thesis problem

1. Basic relationship between higher education and social development (external law of higher education).

(1) Higher education is restricted by social development;

The most basic restrictive factors for the development of higher education are productivity and the level of scientific and technological development;

Social system (economic system and political system) is a factor that directly restricts the development of higher education;

Traditional culture and foreign culture are potential constraints to the reform and development of higher education.

(2) Education serves social development.

The political function of education: political education (personal politicization), training political and legal talents and promoting the development of democratic politics;

The economic function of education: promoting economic growth (human capital), promoting economic structure adjustment (specialized talent structure) and improving people's economic income;

The cultural function of education: the inheritance, selection and creation of culture.

2. The basic relationship between higher education and human development (the inherent law of higher education).

Genetic quality provides material premise for human development;

The possibility and conditions that the environment restricts human development;

Education plays a leading role in human development.

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