Factors Affecting Effective Network Teaching in Open Education
(A clear "expected learning effect" is a necessary factor to ensure the effectiveness of online teaching activities.
The teaching theory based on effectiveness is a representative and widely respected research achievement in the field of adult teaching in recent years. Its founder, Biggs, suggested that teachers should carefully define the expected learning effect, choose learning activities and design evaluation tasks. He believes that learning activities are the core of the learning process. According to the teaching theory based on effectiveness, online teaching should include four steps: first, use appropriate learning verbs to describe the standards that learners should reach and the expected learning results; The second is to create a learning environment that is easy to achieve the expected learning effect; The third is to use evaluation tasks to help teachers judge whether learners' performance is up to standard; The fourth is to turn these judgments into standard grade evaluation. Therefore, the expected learning effect can clearly tell learners not only to pay attention to the learning content, but also to the learning goals and how to achieve them. A clear goal of learning effectiveness is a necessary factor for teachers to carry out effective teaching design and ensure the effective and smooth progress of students' learning activities, which should be highly valued by open guidance teachers.
(B) to ensure that students participate in online teaching activities is the basis of effective online teaching, but also the fundamental factor to improve students' maximum learning efficiency.
Effective online teaching requires effective communication and interaction between tutors and students on the same learning platform. Only when students really participate in the teaching activities organized by teachers can students get the information of online teaching resources and various teaching support services provided by teachers, and teachers' enthusiasm and creativity can be better stimulated. On the contrary, if students seldom participate in online teaching activities, not only will online teaching resources be wasted, but also teachers will not be able to grasp students' learning situation in time, and students' "expected learning effect" will not be realized. Therefore, practice has proved that having good emotional communication skills, high-quality teachers and scientific online teaching design are the fundamental factors to improve students' actual participation rate and achieve "maximum learning effect".
(3) The construction and effective application of high-quality teaching resources are the supporting factors for the construction of effective online teaching.
High-quality online teaching resources are a bridge of teacher-student interaction in distance education, an important tool for students to learn independently, and a necessary condition for effective online teaching. High-quality online teaching resources must be rich and diverse, which can meet the needs of students' autonomous learning, stimulate students' interest in learning, and facilitate students to find, interpret and absorb. Realizing teachers' "effective teaching" and students' "effective application" with the help of online teaching resources is an important support and prerequisite for effective online teaching.
(D) Teaching interaction between teachers and students based on improving students' practical operation ability and innovation ability is a necessary condition and link factor to realize effective online teaching.
In distance teaching, teachers can attract students to participate in online teaching interaction to the greatest extent through "humanized" interactive teaching design, good emotional communication and reasonable organization and implementation of teaching interaction, and better stimulate students' subjective initiative, thus improving students' practical operation ability and innovation ability. Therefore, good teacher-student interaction is the necessary condition and link factor to realize effective network teaching.
(5) Scientific and reasonable teaching monitoring and evaluation is the guarantee factor to realize effective online teaching.
In distance open teaching, it is an important guarantee to track and monitor the quality and effect of online teaching in time, find problems in time and give feedback to solve problems in time. The monitoring and evaluation of network teaching quality includes curriculum blueprint, curriculum development design, network teaching resources, network platform, curriculum platform, homework and examination, tutor analysis and evaluation. The effectiveness evaluation of online teaching includes the analysis and evaluation of students' learning satisfaction, teaching effectiveness and students' learning effectiveness, and taking corresponding measures to ensure the realization of students' "expected learning benefits" and effectively improve the effectiveness of online teaching on this basis.
Countermeasures for Constructing Effective Network Teaching in Distance Open Education
(A clear online "expected learning objectives", scientific design of online teaching activities, effectively improve the "online learning activities" synergy and high quality.
The effectiveness-based teaching theory repeatedly emphasizes that learners should be clearly informed of the expected learning effectiveness, and they should not only pay attention to the content of learning, but also pay attention to how to achieve their learning goals. In other words, teachers need to design teaching and learning activities, requiring learners to complete, create and generate new ideas, make judgments and solve practical problems. Instructors of open education should guide learners to use their theoretical knowledge to solve practical problems and conduct experiments through necessary design and evaluation tasks, so as to improve students' practical operation ability and innovation ability. The collaboration of online learning activities includes the collaboration between learning activities, evaluation tasks and learning results, as well as the collaboration among many factors that constitute learning activities, such as the collaboration between technology and role, resources and interaction. Therefore, strengthening "online learning activities" is one of the important conditions to realize effective online teaching.
(2) Pay equal attention to system construction and emotional communication, and improve the actual participation rate of students' teaching activities.
In order to realize effective network teaching, we must improve the ratio of students' actual participation in teaching activities. Because only students often browse all kinds of teaching resources on the distance education platform and participate in online teaching interactive activities can they achieve the "learning effectiveness goal". So how to improve the actual participation rate of students in online teaching activities? First of all, choose a good teacher. It is necessary to formulate a perfect teacher appointment management system, pay attention to the training and assessment of teachers' teaching skills, distance education design and organizational communication skills, and distance education teaching methods, and regularly evaluate feedback to improve teachers' teaching level. Secondly, optimize the network teaching design. Teachers should combine the characteristics of distance open education, constantly optimize the integrated design based on various teaching media, realize the effective combination of course content and multimedia teaching means, and attract students to participate in online teaching activities to the greatest extent. Thirdly, strengthen the institutional restraint mechanism, establish a statistical system to participate in various teaching activities, organically combine students' participation in teaching activities with curriculum formative assessment, combine with teachers' teaching quality evaluation, and combine with teaching managers' management quality to jointly improve the participation rate of teachers and students in teaching activities. Finally, implement the interactive design of "humanized" network teaching, deeply understand the different teaching needs of students, enthusiastically help students overcome the difficulties in learning, better meet the actual needs of students, and enhance the enthusiasm of students to participate in teaching activities.
(3) The necessity, sustainability and effective application should be emphasized in the construction of online teaching resources.
High-quality online teaching resources are the premise of effective online teaching. The construction of network resources should conform to the characteristics of the course and the actual needs of students, pay attention to the choice of course content, that is, neither more nor less, and reasonably design and develop resource content, evaluation standards and media resources, which is feasible. The construction of network resources must have an overall and systematic planning and design. No matter the type and form of resources, or the content and composition of resources, it should be easy to update and supplement in time to realize the sustainability of resource construction. In addition, the construction of online resources must be organically combined with the effective use of resources. Instructors should keep abreast of students' utilization of resources, give timely feedback and make timely supplements, and make full use of the network teaching resources of higher TV universities to supplement the self-built resources of their own schools, so as to promote the realization of effective network teaching.
(D) Effectively improve the integration and effectiveness of online teaching interaction between teachers and students.
In distance teaching, the integration of teacher-student interaction means that in online teaching activities, teachers and students actively and effectively discuss the course content online on the same teaching platform, instead of teachers passively posting it. Teachers should have a high level of teaching, good communication and expression skills, be good at understanding students' psychological characteristics and learning trends, deal with problems quickly, take the initiative to guide the theme, and improve the effectiveness of solving students' problems, so as to attract students' active participation and improve their actual participation rate.
(5) Constantly strengthen and improve the online teaching monitoring and evaluation system.
To realize effective network teaching, we must improve the teaching monitoring and evaluation system. It is necessary to strengthen the system construction, test the quality and effect of teaching activities through expert professional evaluation and students' subjective evaluation, standardize the monitoring index system, normalize teaching evaluation, pay attention to network monitoring and data statistics, correct and solve problems in time when found, and improve the effectiveness of network teaching.
In a word, in order to improve the effectiveness of online teaching in RTVU distance open education, we must focus on the actual needs of students' autonomous learning, combine the characteristics of RTVU open education teaching practice, systematically design and plan, improve the quality of resource construction and the actual participation rate of students, strengthen teaching support services, and pay attention to the cultivation of students' practical operation ability and innovation ability. This is an effective method and way.