Aristotle said: it is not a trivial matter to form this or that habit from an early age; On the contrary, it is very important, more important than anything else. The essence of Ye Shengtao's educational thought is: in the final analysis, education is to cultivate good study habits; Teaching is to avoid teaching.
Middle school is the spring of life, and high school is a very important period for students to grow physically, acquire knowledge and form an outlook on life. It is also an important stage to develop good study habits and lay the foundation for life development. In today's quality education and new curriculum reform, it is particularly important to cultivate students' good study habits in senior one, which is an important period for students to develop study habits.
It is an important content and goal of modern education and future education in China to educate students for all-round development and cultivate their innovative consciousness and creativity. In the traditional teaching mode, teachers, as "lecturers" in the classroom, take the place of learning by talking, asking questions and leading students by the nose. Students often follow the teacher's questions and lectures, mostly passively responding and accepting learning. In this case, students' learning autonomy and creativity are seriously inhibited and damaged. In order to establish an equal, democratic, cordial and harmonious relationship between teachers and students, teachers must complete the transformation from "speaking" to "guiding", and turn classroom teaching with teachers as the main body into autonomous learning in which teachers guide students to explore, ask questions and discuss independently. Then, how to guide students to study actively, explore actively and cultivate their creative study habits?
1. Teachers should fully understand the learning characteristics of senior high school students: Compared with junior high school students, senior high school students have the following three characteristics: 1. Learning content: large amount of knowledge, great difficulty, comprehensive system and high ability requirements. The whole high school curriculum involves almost all the knowledge summed up by human beings. After refining and concentrating, it has profound connotation and extensive extension.
2. Teachers in different disciplines have different teaching methods and lecture styles. According to the content of senior high school curriculum and the age characteristics of students, senior high school teachers often leave room for students to think and inspire them to explore and think for themselves.
3. School management is different. With the growth of students' age and the enhancement of self-reliance and self-consciousness, the management in senior high school is a management mode combining self-discipline, self-management and inspection and supervision. Students should consciously abide by the rules and regulations of classes and schools and jointly create a United and harmonious learning environment.
2. Guide students to form systematic study habits according to classroom rules.
The most classic is the five-link learning method, 1. Before grasping the class, students should be guided to do a good preview before class and make clear what they can understand, what they seem to understand and what they don't understand at all. It is more efficient to take questions in class. 2, grasp the class, listen to the class to understand the learning methods, be sure to concentrate in class, keep up with the teacher's ideas with your own problems, and listen to how the teacher analyzes these problems step by step. If you still don't understand, ask your classmates or teachers in time during or after class, and don't leave intellectual thinking obstacles. 3. Review what you have learned scientifically after class. Psychological research shows that the knowledge learned a few days ago is forgotten the fastest, so the knowledge learned that day must be reviewed that day. 4, the completion of homework and wrong questions. Doing business is to consolidate and digest the basic knowledge in class. Don't just use one method, look for other ways to solve the problem. After finishing your homework, you should check whether it is correct. Self-inspection is as important as doing homework. It will be beneficial to form this habit and help to cultivate creative thinking. We should also write down the wrong questions and reasons, and look at them later when reviewing, because this is the crux of our study at that time. 5. Summarize in time and build a knowledge network system. After learning a unit of knowledge, you should sum up what basic contents, basic theorems and laws you have learned, what are the main characteristics of this unit of knowledge, what are the connections between knowledge and so on. And guide students to draw unit knowledge network by themselves.
3. Guide students to form the habit of asking questions in the learning process.
Yang Lan said: I make a living by asking questions; Paul McCreed said: The only stupid question is not asking questions. Einstein said: It is more important to ask questions than to solve them. Solving problems may depend on skill. It takes creativity and imagination to ask questions, which marks the real progress of science. Therefore, it is also very important for students to develop the habit of asking questions, which can cultivate students to develop the habit of thinking deeply. Therefore, students are required to learn to ask questions, and everyone is required to ask the teacher at least one question every day. Learn in questioning, think in questioning, and develop and grow better in questioning.
Fourth, we should guide students to form the habit of autonomous learning.
Teachers should improve the guidance of students' learning methods and habits according to the characteristics of high school students' learning.
1. according to the characteristics of high school learning, change the concept of learning;
In junior high school, especially in the third grade, you can obviously improve your grades through a lot of practice. This is because junior high school knowledge is relatively simple and easy to master. Through repeated practice, your proficiency can be improved and your grades can be improved. The high school curriculum is theoretical and abstract, which requires you to work hard to understand knowledge, think more and study more, and treat every problem with the concept of inquiry. In the training objectives of the new curriculum, it is particularly emphasized that students should have the desire and ability of lifelong learning. Self-study ability is the basis of this ability, and cultivating self-study habits is the key to cultivate self-study ability. In junior high school, most students study under the supervision and inspection of teachers, and have no habit of self-study. However, after entering senior high school, teachers' individual supervision and inspection of students has been significantly reduced, replaced by guidance on learning methods.
2. Cultivate students' interest in learning.
Interest is the best teacher, which comes from knowledge and demand, is people's psychological tendency to know something, and is also a powerful driving force to participate in learning. Whether the interest is strong or not directly affects the enthusiasm and initiative of students. Therefore, stimulating interest is the premise of optimizing classroom teaching. German educator Dostoevsky said: "The art of teaching is not to impart skills, but to inspire, awaken and inspire."
Teachers can guide students to have a strong interest in learning content, which is the key to improve teaching effect and optimize classroom structure. One is to get suspicious before class. At the beginning of class, through the role of teachers, students' learning psychology is adjusted to the best state, such as background introduction, story guidance, suspense, interesting experiments and other effective methods to stimulate interest before class, which can be flexibly used in teaching and reformed at the same time. The second is to have fun in class. In classroom teaching, teachers should fully explore and make use of the inherent charm of language and writing, and use teaching methods flexibly, so that students are always in the best learning state and full of interest. The third is to extend the fun at the end of the class. As the classroom teaching draws to a close, teachers should pay attention to guidance, and the meaning should be implicit, leaving enough room for students to think, thus stimulating students' interest in further exploring knowledge.
3. Train students' thinking ability.
The most important leading role of teachers is to teach students learning methods, teaching learning methods in advance, and teaching methods early. Make students master the methods and steps, and proceed more consciously and actively. Mastering learning methods and having certain self-study ability are necessary for creative talents. How to make students change "learning" into "learning" is an important content of our teaching model research.
In short, teachers should adhere to the basic ideas of autonomous learning, thinking as the core, students as the main body, teachers as the leading factor and practice as the main line in classroom teaching, give full play to their leading role, and let students change passive acceptance of learning into active exploration learning. Only in this way can we cultivate students' innovative consciousness and exercise their ability to analyze and solve problems. So as to form the study habit of students' autonomous learning.