The Battle of Daling River was an important battle in the history of China, which accelerated the demise of the Ming Dynasty and the rise of the Qing Dynasty. The background of the Daling River War is the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. As the Qing Dynasty was a regime established by the Jurchen nationality, the Jin State was established in the Northern Song Dynasty. In order to distinguish clearly in history, the predecessor of the Qing dynasty was named post-Jin. The Battle of Daling River was a confrontation between the surviving Ming Dynasty and the rising post-Jin regime.
The Battle of Daling River was launched under the circumstances of domestic troubles and foreign invasion of two regimes, so the background of the Battle of Daling River needs to be viewed from two angles. On the other hand, the decadent rule of the Ming Dynasty and the efforts of Emperor Chongzhen could not be redeemed. On the other hand, shortly after the establishment of the Jin regime, it grew stronger and stronger, and its internal forces needed to be consolidated. First of all, the Ming dynasty experienced hundreds of years of groggy rule, and the eunuchs in the DPRK were authoritarian. After the defeated Zu Dashou was called up by Sun Chengzong, he dared not leave the army for a moment, in case he was brought into the East Factory. Therefore, this indicates that Zu Dashou will be timid in this campaign and dare not go all out to fight with 8 Jin Army ... Secondly, in the post-Jin regime, the governors fought for power, and finally, due to the great victory of Huang Taiji thousands of miles away, Huang Taiji mastered more voice in the battle of Daling River.
From the above two aspects, the final result of the war is directly related to the background of the Daling River War. The Ming dynasty declined because of corruption, and the failure of the final war was inevitable. At this time, the Qing army actively expanded to the outside world, coupled with Huang Taiji's outstanding military talent and popular control, there must be Zu Dashou.
The background of the battle of Daling River is the war between two dynasties and also the war between two nations. The failure of this war accelerated the Qing army's occupation of the Central Plains.
How long did the battle of Daling River last?
How long the battle of Daling River lasted is clearly recorded in history. 163 1 On the sixth day of the eighth lunar month, Huang Taiji joined forces with the Mongolian army and personally led a large army to station near the Daling River and began to prepare for the siege. After more than two months of confrontation, in October of the same year, Zu Dashou opened the gate wide and led his troops to surrender. After a series of clean-up work, the battle of Daling River ended completely on November 9th of the lunar calendar. According to the above two records, we can calculate how long the battle of Daling River lasted, which lasted for three days in March.
Although it has been clearly recorded, there are still differences about how long the battle of Daling River lasted in history. The main reason is that during the war of Daling River, Zu Dashou ordered his men to surrender and negotiate on his behalf at the Qing army camp on October 25th of the lunar calendar, and he officially opened the gate to welcome the Qing army into the city on October 28th of the lunar calendar. From this point of view, the battle of Daling River has ended, so how long the battle of Daling River lasted is still debatable.
History is rigorous, but it embodies more educational significance. The Battle of Daling River is a representative war in the late Ming Dynasty. During the battle, Huang Taiji appreciated Zu Dashou's military talents very much, and used a series of psychological tactics to surrender patiently. Finally, Zu Dashou was very moved and led his men to surrender to Huang Taiji willingly. It can be seen that Huang taiji is still very skilled in the use of bending. In the battle of Daling River, Huang Taiji was able to be virtuous to corporal and treat Han generals equally, thus allowing more Han ministers to accept surrender. That is, through the analysis of this battle, we can draw the conclusion that as an emperor, if he can make good use of psychological tactics and find the balance point of the relationship between the monarch and the minister, then he can get the sincere assistance of the minister. To sum up, no matter how long the battle of Daling River lasts, its educational and historical significance deserves more attention.
The result of the battle of Daling River
The Battle of Daling River ended with the final victory of Huang Taiji in the Qing Dynasty and Zu Dashou's surrender to the Qing army in the Ming Dynasty. This is one of the representative wars in the history of China.
The reasons why the battle of Daling River ended in the victory of the Qing army are mainly divided into the following three points. First, the background of the Daling River War is the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and the Ming Dynasty has been in a period of decline. The social background of the Battle of Daling River was that there were two regimes at that time. The Ming Dynasty was beset with internal troubles and foreign invasion. The internal worry is that the internal rule of the Ming Dynasty has been corrupted and declined, and the external invasion is that the emerging post-Jin regime is growing day by day. II. Leadership In the Battle of Daling River, the participants were Huang Taiji of the Qing Dynasty and Zu Dashou of the Ming Dynasty, among whom Huang Taiji's military ability and cohesion were outstanding. In the war, he used various means such as biting off the hand that feeds him, threatening to surrender, and skillfully combined psychological tactics with actual combat, giving the other side fighting pressure.
On the other hand, Zu Dashou in the Ming Dynasty was too timid to take the initiative to attack and fight, and he didn't have a strategy and policy for fighting, which was also the reason for his disparity in strength and ultimate failure. Third, the battle process, the battle process of Daling River is mainly divided into four stages: siege stage, reinforcements stage, negotiation stage and attack stage. In these four stages, Huang taiji has always occupied the main attack, and Zu Taishou has always adopted the strategy of sticking to it and staying put. In the end, Huang taiji's advantage was highlighted, and the Ming army led by Zu Taishou was defeated one after another, ending the battle of Daling River with surrender. As a result of the battle of Daling River, the Qing army headed by Huang Taiji won and the Ming army headed by Zu Taishou was defeated.
Influence of the Battle of Daling River
The influence of the Battle of Daling River has far-reaching significance in the history of China. The battle of Daling River completely destroyed one of the most effective armies outside the Ming Dynasty, and the elite of the Ming Dynasty will no longer exist, and the post-Jin regime will become stronger and stronger after the war of Daling River.
The influence of the Battle of Daling River is mainly reflected in the improvement of Huang Taiji's way of using troops and the gradual growth of the post-Jin regime. On the one hand, the impact of the battle of Daling River on Huang Taiji: First, after this war, Huang Taiji learned the operational lessons, completely abandoned the past art of war, and began to adopt siege tactics, which made him quite successful in the subsequent Jinzhou campaign. This is an important change in Huang Taiji's tactical strategy. Secondly, after this campaign, Huang Taiji changed the previous strategy of attacking the city slightly and began to implement surrender tactics, which greatly reduced the harm caused by the massacre and stabilized the people's hearts.
Secondly, the battle of Daling River had an important impact on the post-Jin regime. First of all, in the process of Huang Taiji's surrender in the Battle of Daling River, the soldiers of the Ming Dynasty would rather die than surrender, and the loyalty spirit of defending the country and defending the country gave a great shock to the post-Jin regime, which played an important role in establishing strict military discipline and accepting the revolution of advanced cultural thoughts of the Han people in the future. Secondly, in the battle of Daling River, the late Jin team used their own unique weapon-the red shirt, which laid an important foundation for the late Jin regime to establish its own arsenal in the future. Finally, Huang Taiji reused the elite soldiers recruited in the Battle of Daling River and let them enter the ruling class. This practice changed the political structure of the post-Jin regime and made the Han culture spread imperceptibly in the post-Jin regime.