1770 12 17, Ludwig van Beethoven was baptized in a church in Bonn. As for his birthday, there is no accurate circumstantial evidence to determine; It is generally considered as the day before baptism-65438+ February 65438+June.
When Beethoven was born, Bonn was a small town with a population of less than 30,000. The city is adjacent to the Rhine River in the east, with mountains in the north and full of green in the north. Schumann, the author of Dream, once wrote: "... when a ship on the Rhine River passes by here, when foreigners ask the name of the giant, every child can answer-that's Beethoven." Foreigners on board thought it was the name of a German emperor. Schumann's last sentence has changed 100 years. Because Beethoven belongs to the whole world now. People all know his fate, hero, passion and sorrow. Beethoven, the creator, is a great musician and an engineer of human soul.
In Beethoven's time, Bonn was the seat of the court elected by Cologne. Beethoven's grandfather Ludwig (1712-1773) was a court musician. Beethoven's father John (about1740-1792) also sang and played the violin in the court orchestra, and became a court musician in 1756. Because of his meager income, he also teaches private school students and plays the piano to make a living. Beethoven's mother Maria Magdaleno (1746-1787) is the daughter of a court chef. They gave birth to five boys and two girls, but only Beethoven and his two brothers grew up.
Beethoven studied piano with his father when he was a child, and he showed his musical talent very early. 1778 On March 26th, seven-year-old Beethoven performed at the concert for the first time. He played a piano concerto at that time. Also participated in the performance of the trio. The teacher who had the greatest influence on Beethoven's youth was Nie Fei (1748-1798), a German composer and an organist in Bonn. From 178 1, Nie Fei taught Beethoven piano, organ and composition, and explained Bach's style to Beethoven. Nie Fei wrote a report about Beethoven, which was published in Music magazine in March 1783. The article wrote: "He is an eleven-year-old boy with outstanding talent and great prospects. His piano playing is extremely dexterous and powerful, and his sight-reading ability is outstanding. Bach's Average Rhythm Piano Music Collection, which he can almost easily play ... Now, Nie Shi Fei has begun to train Beethoven to compose music. In order to encourage him to compose music, he published nine variations on the theme of March in Mannheim. The young genius is eligible to receive financial aid for his trip. If he continues to make progress as he is now, he will definitely become the second Mozart. " This report proves that Nie Fei had a good eye, and it also shows that Beethoven had shown extraordinary musical talent at that time. The age mentioned in the report is younger than Beethoven's actual age, because Beethoven's father said that he was a musical prodigy, and Beethoven was only "six years old" when he first played (actually seven years and three months). To this end, even Beethoven himself has been calculating his age by two years old. This year, Beethoven's three piano pieces "Selective Sonata" written in 1782- 1783 were published by the Bosler Institution in speyer. A Rondo and a song were also published in the same year.
1784 February, Beethoven began to serve as a court musician.
1787 In early April, he came to Vienna for the first time and listened to Mozart's performance. But in less than half a month, the news that his mother was dying forced Beethoven to rush back to Bonn. Soon my mother died of illness. Beethoven wrote emotionally in a letter: "For me, she is a very good mother. I love my mother. She is my best friend. " Because after my mother died, my father's bad habit of drinking became worse and he no longer took care of this family. The burden of life fell on Beethoven, who was less than seventeen years old. He must overcome poverty and support his two younger brothers instead of his father. 1788, Beethoven worked as a viola musician in the Palace Theatre. In the second year, he received half of his father's salary and wheat originally paid to his father from the court. Beethoven eked out a living by his meager income. Life is a battle without luck. Beethoven was violently impacted by real life, but the young Beethoven resolutely shouldered the heavy burden and strode forward against the wind and waves.
1789 In May, Beethoven entered Bonn University with his friend Reichel, a court musician. Beethoven absorbed nutrition from Lessing, Goethe and Schiller like a sponge. Beethoven is closely related to the famous Browning family in Bonn. Beethoven gained rich knowledge of literature, philosophy and history from young artists gathered in Brauning's home, and he also made a friend named Walter Stein (1762- 1823).
1792 In July, the great Austrian composer Haydn came to Bonn on his way back from London. The court musician invited him to a dinner party in Goldberg, a suburb. At this time, Beethoven took out his cantata and asked Haydn to correct it. After reading it, Haydn promised to teach him composition in Vienna. With the enthusiastic help of Waldstein, the Cologne candidate agreed to give Beethoven a one-year holiday and let him go to Vienna for further study. Before leaving, Walstam wrote in Beethoven's album: "May you make unremitting efforts to accept Mozart's spirit from Haydn."
1792165438+1October 10 or so, Beethoven arrived in Vienna and studied counterpoint under Haydn. Beethoven did 245 exercises in those years, 42 of which have been corrected by Haydn. After Haydn 1794+0 left Vienna in June, Beethoven loved to learn from Albrechtzberg, the music director of St. Stephen's Cathedral. The music theorist, composer and music educator used his basic composition course as Beethoven's teaching material. Under the guidance of this strict teacher, Beethoven wrote the piano trio in E flat major and the unfinished first draft of the first symphony in C major in 14 months. In addition to these two teachers, Beethoven studied composition under John Schenk from August 1793 to the end of May 1794.
1in March 794, the court in Bonn stopped issuing Beethoven's living expenses. Beethoven had to make a living by performing, teaching private students and publishing works. 1795 debuted in Vienna, where famous pianists gathered, and was active in the music world as the best pianist. In the same year, Beethoven published a piano trio at his own expense. At this time, his two younger brothers came to Vienna one after another. For them, Beethoven had to consider the issue of economic income. Some of Beethoven's orchestral dance music was produced under this background. For example, he made "Twelve Minutes" and "Twelve German Dances" for the masked ball held on 1795+65438 Artists' Pension Association122, and he supported the lives of three brothers with his income.
1800 On April 2nd, Beethoven gave his first solo concert. Besides Mozart's symphonies and arias in Haydn's oratorios, the repertoire also includes the revised Piano Concerto No.1, Symphony No.1, the septet in E flat major completed in the same year and Beethoven's own piano improvisation. Beethoven's position as a composer has been consolidated since then. The following year, he created such masterpieces as Moonlight Sonata, Pastoral Sonata and Violin Sonata Spring.
1802, 10 on June 6th and 10 on June 6th, Beethoven wrote two wills for his two younger brothers in Heiligenstadt, a small town outside Vienna, asking them to open them after his death. Hearing, which is more important to musicians than pulse, deteriorated obviously, giving Beethoven a fatal blow, making him feel desperate and extremely lonely, and even thinking of suicide and writing a will. However, even in adversity, Beethoven still wanted people to be happy. The conclusion of the will of 65438+10.6 reads: "I am worthy of your missing, because I have often missed you in my life and want to make you happy. I hope you are happy! " As some critics have pointed out, Heiligenstadt's suicide note is not so much a product of Beethoven's crisis as a testimony of Beethoven's victory over it. He was tortured by fatal hearing problems and even ended his life for a time; However, the sense of responsibility as a composer awakened him, and he was determined to revive himself in order to fight against his fate-this plot process is the literary prototype of the Heroic Symphony and the basic principle of Beethoven's drama creation style.
During the period of writing his will from 65438 to 0802, Beethoven completed three violin sonatas and three piano sonatas, the latter including Sonata of the Storm. The following summer, he devoted himself to creating the Hero Symphony and completed the third piano concerto. Walstam's sonata was written in 1804. 1805 Completed the Sonata of Passion and the opera Leonora. The second year was violin concerto, piano concerto No.4 and symphony No.4, and1807-1808 was a symphony of destiny, an idyllic symphony, an overture by Coleoland and an overture by Leonora. 1809 composed the fifth concerto "The Emperor". The following year, he wrote the overture of the same name and nine other pieces of music for Goethe's tragedy Egmont, and completed the Farewell Sonata. As can be seen from some of the tracks listed above, in the years after writing Heiligenstadt's suicide note, Beethoven, like Prometheus who broke the chain, created the spark of life and wrote one masterpiece after another. These works are full of the belief of winning through struggle.
Beethoven's later years were miserable and bleak. In order to become the guardian of his nephew Carl, he fought a lawsuit with his sister-in-law for four and a half years. Then, Carl kept adding pain to Beethoven. 1820 years later, Beethoven was deaf in both ears, but he still eulogized happiness.
1824 February, Beethoven completed the ninth chorus symphony, ending with Schiller's Ode to Joy. In the same year, he also completed his masterpiece "Solemn Mass". His masterpieces in his later years include the last five piano sonatas and six string quartets.
1827 On February 27th, Beethoven, who had been bedridden for three months due to liver cirrhosis, underwent the fourth operation to take ascites. He knew that death was approaching. On March 23, he said in Latin to his friend Brauning and private secretary Schindler, "Ah! Cheer up, friends, the comedy is over. " On March 24th, the doctor told Beethoven that the last moment had arrived. From that night on, Beethoven fell into a coma.
1827 At about 5 pm on March 26th, heavy rain was mixed with snowflakes. At 5: 45, a spring thunder sounded and lightning lit up the dark room. Beethoven suddenly opened his eyes and raised his clenched right hand. A few seconds later, he put down his right hand, and Beethoven had left this world.
Beethoven's funeral was held at 3 pm on March 29th. 1827. The coffin was lifted by the singer, and eight musicians held the cloth covering the coffin. Schubert, cerny and others came down from the branches of Song Ming on both sides of the coffin under the escort of the torch. About 20,000 Viennese citizens first went to the church in Acha Street, Beethoven's earliest residence in Vienna, to hold a requiem ceremony. At this time, Cai Fried sang a 16-part unaccompanied song "Lord, Free Us". Then the coffin was transported by four horse-drawn carriages to the cemetery in Velinger. At the entrance to the cemetery, actor Anschutz read a eulogy written by Beethoven's friend and the famous Austrian dramatist Greer Pazer. Then the coffin was moved to the cemetery and buried with the prepared March laurel. 1888, Beethoven's body and Schubert's body were moved to Vienna Central Cemetery, where they were buried with other musicians.
"Do your best to be a good person, love freedom above all else, even for the sake of the throne, and never lie about the truth." Beethoven's life has proved this famous saying that he wrote when he was twenty-two years old. Beethoven is the bosom friend of all those who love life, light, peace and truth. Beethoven's music constantly adds courage and strength to people's lives. Beethoven's music has now become the most precious spiritual food for people all over the world.
(selected from Luo Chuanchuan, etc. Appreciation of European Classical Songs, China International Broadcasting Press, 1986 edition. )
Beethoven who refused to accept his fate.
There are many famous musicians in history, among which Beethoven is the most famous. Because he is recognized by the world as the greatest composer of all time, because he is a model of indomitable and heroic resistance to bad luck.
Fate is sometimes good at playing tricks on people, it makes people shudder, it is impermanent, it is cold, it is elusive, it has no compassion, it is unreasonable.
Just as Beethoven was praised by Mozart, a talented musician, in Vienna as "about to become famous in the world", and he was full of ambition to turn over a new page in the history of music, fate began to play a joke on this young musician in his prime. Of course, the God of Destiny knew that Beethoven could not live without the most beautiful sound, but he just wanted to keep him at a distance from any sound.
The god of fate began to completely disturb Beethoven's auditory nerve with endless "buzzing" sounds. Sensitive Beethoven had a premonition that a quiet world was coming to him. His young mind is full of fear, pain, sadness and anger. He came to the uninhabited wilderness, facing God, facing the vast starry sky that has been silent for ages, tearing his hair, crying out in pain, asking God to have mercy on himself, cursing angrily and cursing the injustice of the god of fate. He didn't have the courage to admit that he would be deaf and dumb in front of others, to accept the comfort and sympathy of his friends, and to face the sarcasm and ridicule of his enemies. He left the city, left the crowd, left all kinds of parties, and left the music that he had an indissoluble bond with himself. He endured great inner pain and came to a small village outside Vienna. Here, he becomes weaker and weaker, more and more helpless and more pessimistic. Finally Beethoven thought of death.
This is a day in June of 1802+00. The autumn wind is bleak and the plants are withered. Beethoven has been in this small village called Heiligen for half a year. For half a year, Beethoven, who was born for music, had nothing to do with music. What's the point of him living? He picked up a pen and wanted to leave his last words in this world. Before he dies, he will tell the world about the mental pain he experienced and his struggle between life and death.
"Oh, you describe me as a resentful, crazy or cynical person. You really misunderstood me! How can we know the hidden reasons under those phenomena? Since childhood, my heart and my spirit have a sentimental and cordial feeling towards goodwill. I am ready to accomplish a great feat at any time. But now I am in a desperate situation, because the ignorant doctor has aggravated my illness. Year after year, they lied to me that there was hope for improvement, and finally I faced an incurable terminal disease. I was born with a hot temper and even keen on social activities, but I was forced to be isolated from others prematurely and live a lonely life. Sometimes, I have the idea of overcoming all this, but I am always pushed back by my broken hearing, which makes me feel doubly painful. I can't say to others,' Speak louder and let go of your voices, because I am deaf!' Oh, how can people know that I have a hearing problem? Listening should be more perfect for me than others, and my listening was really a leader in the music industry before. I can't tell anyone. The most painful thing about my unfortunate experience is that I am lonely. I can't have friends to make up with me, talk with each other for a long time, and communicate with each other ideologically, so society no longer needs me. I am really like a fugitive here, languishing for several years. When I approached a group of people, a thrill filled my whole body, because I was afraid that others would find me deaf. "
"So I recently lived in the country for half a year. My clever doctor advised me to protect my hearing as much as possible, which is exactly what I want now. But sometimes I have a social impulse, so I can't control myself. How unbearable it is when the person standing next to me hears the flute in the distance and I can't hear it, or when he hears the shepherd boy singing and I can't hear it. This experience almost made me desperate: I don't have to hesitate anymore, I have reached the edge of ending my life. "
However, Beethoven is Beethoven after all. He is broad-minded, profound in thought, stubborn in character, daring to despise everything and shouldering a great mission. After many painful thoughts, he finally came to his senses: "It would be unthinkable if I left this world without creating anything. ..... I can't stand it any longer. I want to fight against fate. It can't conquer me. I want to hold the throat of fate! " Beethoven decided to challenge fate. His broken heart is slowly healing, and external disasters begin to transform into Beethoven's inner strength. He was deaf, but Beethoven grasped the noblest voice in the human spirit with his heart. There is no sound, but Beethoven's musical thoughts are richer and deeper than ever before. In the music creation after Beethoven, what we see and hear is a brand-new and firm technique, a deep and pure scene.
1803, Beethoven completed the famous Hero Symphony after his Variations on Heroes. This work is no different from Beethoven's autobiography, which declares to the world that a hero who disobeys fate has defeated fate in his struggle with it.
1807, Beethoven wrote a symphony of destiny. This work, also known as the "Victory Symphony", once again shows the world the course of fighting against bad luck and finally winning. Fierce fate is knocking at the door, but don't be afraid, let alone give in. Hold your head high, stand up, clench your fist, fight, fight, fight again. Victory belongs to the strong and unyielding. Listen, listen to the cheers of victory! Beethoven, who pursued "freedom, equality and fraternity" all his life, warned us with his works.
1824 On May 7th, Beethoven's chorus symphony premiered in Vienna. This work, like the Symphony of Destiny, has a profound and far-reaching influence on later generations. The performance was very successful and the audience applauded warmly. Beethoven was deaf in both ears and could not hear applause. The kind soloist reminded him of this exciting and warm scene.
In fact, Beethoven doesn't need to be reminded. Because Beethoven lost his binaural hearing, he gained a more sensitive and powerful "heart and ears". It was with this "heart ear" that Beethoven listened to the voice of the world and had a sincere and beautiful communication with mankind.
Although Beethoven's hearing failed prematurely and eventually ended in nothingness, his massive music works and his courage, will and strength to fight against fate, as precious spiritual wealth of human beings, will never fail and remain immortal.
I always try not to think about my disability.
Beethoven was penniless.
1824 On May 7, 2004, applause thundered in the Vienna Opera House, and Beethoven's Ninth Symphony was being staged for the first time. When the chorus "Ode to Joy" brought the music to the final climax, many listeners shed tears with excitement. "The goddess of joy, holy and beautiful, shines brightly on the earth, and we come to your temple with burning enthusiasm!" These beautiful words echoed in the concert hall for a long time. The performance was a great success. When Beethoven came out to thank him with the help of the soprano, the audience was boiling. Someone threw a hat at him, someone stamped the floor excitedly, and more people burst into tears because of excessive excitement. Cheers and applause just fell and rose, without stopping for five times in a row. This boiling scene finally had to be intervened by the police, because according to the habit of Vienna, even if the emperor appeared, it was only three applause.
However, who would have thought that this composer, known as "the saint of music" and "the king of symphony", had more twists and turns in his life than his teacher Mozart.
1770 65438+February, Beethoven was born in a musical family in Bonn. My father is a poor court tenor and my mother is a court chef. Beethoven's childhood was extremely difficult. He did not receive a systematic school education, and began to learn various musical instruments such as clavichord under the strict guidance of his father from the age of 4. Many guests often see young Beethoven practicing piano with tears in his eyes. 13 years old, chief violinist and assistant organist of the Palace Theatre.
/kloc-at the age of 0/7, Beethoven, driven by his thirst for knowledge, went to Vienna alone and asked the famous musician Mozart for advice again. Beethoven's musical talent attracted Mozart's attention. After listening to Beethoven's improvisation, he excitedly said to the people around him, "Pay attention to this young man, he will shake the world."
Beethoven did not live up to Mozart's expectations. He shut himself in the hotel, stayed indoors, couldn't see the guests, and practiced hard. One day, a lady living downstairs suddenly shouted, "The floor is dripping, please pay attention to the people upstairs!" " "However, the water drops kept falling. The woman complained angrily to the shopkeeper. They were surprised when they entered Beethoven's room. I saw Beethoven put a pot of cold water next to the piano. Whenever he plays the piano until his fingers burn, he puts it in cold water for a while, throws away the water drops and continues to practice. At this time, the water in the basin was almost used up, but the floor was watery. A few months later, Beethoven suddenly received the news that his mother was seriously ill and had to go back to Bonn.
After his mother died, his father became more and more drunk, leaving two underage brothers unattended. Beethoven had to take on the heavy responsibility of supporting his family early. The intense work and heavy housework made Beethoven seriously ill several times and contracted smallpox. This not only damaged his health, but also damaged his face.
The rough life in his youth did not hinder the development of Beethoven's musical talent. He began to compose music from 1782. Funeral chorus and coronation chorus became his representative works in this period. From 1792 to 10, Beethoven decided to leave Bonn and go to Vienna, the music center of Europe at that time, for further study and creation, thus entering the heyday of his music creation and soon becoming a superstar in Vienna.
Beethoven lived in an era of unprecedented turmoil in European history. 1789 The French Revolution left a deep impression on Beethoven, which made him have great enthusiasm and belief in the Republic and the thought of "freedom, equality and fraternity". As early as in the philosophy class at Bonn University, Beethoven wrote excitedly in his diary: "Love freedom is more than anything-even in front of the monarch, you will betray the truth!" To this end, he was determined to write a symphony praising the French Revolution.
1804, the third symphony (Hero Symphony) was officially completed, and its first performance was a great success. Beethoven admired Napoleon, the commander-in-chief of the French Revolution, at the beginning of writing this musical epic, so he wrote "Dedicated to Napoléon Bonaparte" on the title page of this symphony. But when this work was completed, Napoleon had abandoned the Republic and became emperor, and Beethoven painfully crossed out this line and changed it to "Symphony of Heroes-In Memory of a Great Man".
Beethoven's artistic creation in Vienna has achieved great success, but in this country under the rule of feudal diehard forces, Beethoven, who was born in poverty, is often treated coldly and discriminated against by noble giants. Stubborn Beethoven never bowed to dignitaries.
Just as Beethoven was full of energy and enthusiasm for the music he loved, something unfortunate happened. Due to ear diseases, Beethoven's hearing gradually declined and he was deaf at the age of 50. This is more painful for a musician than being sentenced to death! Beethoven desperately thought of suicide and wrote a will, but after fierce ideological struggle, he survived strongly. "It's art, and only art can keep me. I can't leave this world until I finish my mission! "
Beethoven began to bravely challenge fate: "I will seize the fate by the throat, and it will never make me yield!" " "This sentence became Beethoven's motto. He is more energetic and diligent than before. "There is no rest! I don't know what rest there is besides sleeping. ……"
In the last few years of his life, he created a series of excellent works, especially the Ninth Symphony completed by 1824, which became the crown of all his works. In this immortal work, Beethoven broke the stereotype of orchestral music, introduced vocal chorus into the symphony, and expanded the new vision of the symphony. He raised the art of music to a new height, completely turned music into a means of expressing feelings, and embodied people's strong will to resist feudal autocracy and strive for a better future, as well as their joy and carnival after victory.
However, in Austria under the old aristocracy, Beethoven's great artistic creation did not bring him due recognition. After the establishment of the "Holy Alliance", Beethoven was regarded as a dangerous Republican by the Vienna Police Department, so he was rejected and fell into a miserable situation of poverty again. For a time, he didn't even have the money to buy a pair of leather shoes.
Beethoven devoted his life to music, composing 9 symphonies, 32 piano sonatas and nearly 200 piano and violin concertos. But he never got married and had no family. His relatives and friends died and his friends left, so he was lonely in his later years.
1827 On March 26th, a thunderstorm night, Beethoven, a great musician, passed away alone at the age of 57.
The news of Beethoven's death plunged the people of Vienna into grief. More than twenty thousand people attended his funeral. In the vast funeral procession, Schubert, an outstanding Austrian composer, walked at the front of the procession, with a torch in his hand and tears on his face.
When talking about Beethoven's symphonies, Engels wrote: "If you haven't heard such a magnificent work, you can say that you haven't heard any good music in your life."
First, the master of creating artistic beauty
Beethoven, who never bowed to fate.
When Beethoven was in Vienna, he was taken care of by Duke Lisinov. Once, in the duke's manor, several "distinguished" guests came. These guests were none other than Napoleon officers who invaded Vienna. When the officers learned that the famous Beethoven was in the manor, they all expressed admiration. In order to please these guests, the duke politely asked Beethoven to play a song for them, but Beethoven refused to play a note for the invaders out of patriotic enthusiasm of a civilian musician. When the duke forced him to do so, the angry Beethoven flung open the door of the living room and left angrily, regardless of the downpour outside. Back to his residence, he smashed the bust given to him by Duke Lisinov and wrote a strongly worded letter. He wrote in the letter: "Duke, you only became a duke because of your unexpected birth;" I became Beethoven because of myself. There are many dukes now and there will be many in the future, while Beethoven has only one. "
Another story can also illustrate Beethoven's stubborn character. When Beethoven was 26 years old, he began to find that his hearing was gradually declining. At the age of 45, he was completely deaf. For a musician, this is undoubtedly a fatal blow. However, the stubborn Beethoven did not give in to fate, but, as he himself said, "grabbed fate by the throat ..." He used a small wooden pole, one end of which was inserted in the piano box, and the other end was bitten by his teeth, and he "listened" while composing. As you can imagine, how much perseverance it takes! 1On May 7th, 824, Beethoven successfully conducted his immortal work "Symphony No.9 (Chorus)" which was created after he was deaf in both ears. When thunderous applause broke out in the audience, the composer knew nothing about it. It was not until a female singer held his hand and let him face the audience that he saw this exciting scene. He finally overcame his fate with tenacious will and confidence and won the respect of the people.
Born in 1770, Beethoven was a German composer in the18th century and was recognized as the greatest musician of all time. His works are masterpieces of classical music and the forerunner of romantic music. In the course of music, he was deeply influenced by Haydn, Mozart, Goethe and Schiller. He advocated the ideal of the French Revolution, yearned for "equality, freedom and fraternity", hated feudal oppression, and enthusiastically paid attention to personal freedom and dignity. He believes that music can convey a philosophy of life without language. In musical form, he expanded the scope of sonatas, symphonies, concertos and quartets, especially in the Ninth Symphony, he adopted an unprecedented form, combining vocal music with instrumental music, and expanded the scope of symphony performance. Beethoven's greatest achievement is to improve the status of instrumental music. /kloc-Before the 0/8th century, music was always regarded as the art next to literature and painting. After that, music can no longer be just a "pleasing art". Beethoven, with his outstanding artistic talent, made his music works the product of combining strong thoughts and feelings with perfect music forms.
Beethoven created a large number of works in his life, each of which shone brilliantly. His life can be divided into three periods: his early works were influenced by Haydn and Mozart, and his style was relaxed and smooth. His mid-term works reflect his own unique musical style, which is full of passion and inspiring. Most of his life's works were written in this period. The later works have mature skills and profound and complicated thoughts, as well as romantic factors in content.
Beethoven's major works in his life include: 9 symphonies, 65,438+0 operas, 5 piano concertos, 65,438+0 violin concertos, 32 piano sonatas, 65,438+00 violin sonatas, 65,438+06 string quartets and a large number of musical instruments. Among them, Sonata for Moonlight, Symphony No.3 (Hero) and Symphony No.6 (Pastoral) are well-known masterpieces. The fifth symphony (destiny) and the ninth symphony (chorus) have the most far-reaching influence on future generations.
1827 On March 26th, this great and indomitable master of music passed away in poverty and illness, but his music works have become a rich treasure in the treasure house of human culture and remain in the world. Beethoven, an immortal name, will live in people's hearts forever.