First, education in China respects filial piety. Desbarax, the eldest son of Yuan Renzong, was born in Wang Fu, Huaizhou, near Luoyang, and loved to educate Ba Li. That area was the hometown of Cheng Cheng, the founder of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty. He lived as a landlord scholar-bureaucrat, and was influenced by his father who was more active in promoting the Chinese law, which made Shuo badra more receptive to the feudal landlord culture of the Han nationality, which was very different from the aristocratic children who grew up riding horses in the Mongolian grassland. In December of the fifth year after Injong ascended the throne, that is, in the year of Yan 53 (A.D. 13 16), Desbarax, who was 14 years old, was appointed as the Crown Prince. Give jinbao, open a government and establish a government. In this way, Shuo Desbarax became the object that Confucian officials inside and outside the imperial court exerted great influence. Imperial envoys Zhao Jian, Duan Fu, Ma Zuchang, Prince James Guo Guan and others played in succession, seeking talents and being close to scholars, selecting talents and appointing people to recruit all the refined and knowledgeable people in the world, and strengthening Confucian orthodox education for the prince.
In October of Yan 56, Renzong awarded Shuo La Yu Shu, and ordered Bai Si to know the Prince first, and then read it. To recognize Desbarax warned the provincial minister in the book, what's going on in the world, the supreme entrusted to me. I worry day and night, afraid that I can't do it. You should turn over a new leaf, do your duty, make no mistakes, and don't increase your father's worries. In the first month of the seventh year of Yan V, Injong was unwell, and badra was worried, burning incense and praying. After Injong's death, he used to lie on the ground in plain clothes and only drink a bowl of porridge every day to mourn the lost gifts. In March of this year, 18-year-old Shuo Badra proclaimed himself emperor in Daming Hall, and was called Yingzong. Second, the Queen's Court Struggle
Yingzong thought it was a matter of course to be in office, so he reformed the Khan selection system along the route in Mongolia and met the king in Daming Hall after he acceded to the throne. Mongolian aristocrats are extremely dissatisfied with this practice of abolishing national ceremonies. Yingzong soon fell into blame and isolation in the aristocratic group. After answering myself, I also found that the young emperor was determined to see the color, far from being as soft and timid as he thought at first, and could not help but express regret that he should not have set up this child.
Anson is the biological mother of Wu Zong and Ren Zong, and she obviously tends to be conservative politically. On the 4th day after Injong's death, before Yingzong acceded to the throne, Bertha, the right prime minister of Zhongshu, was dismissed and Temuder was appointed as the right prime minister. They colluded with each other and became a powerful force to split the monarchy. Yingzong was very dissatisfied with this.
Answer: The authoritarianism of Temuder and other conservative forces posed a direct threat to Yingzong, who felt that he was a weak loner and his position was in jeopardy. In order to contain Temuder and consolidate its political position, Yingzong resolutely dismissed Temuder's left prime minister soon after he ascended the throne, and made the grandson of Muqali, the prime minister of Sai-jo, as the left prime minister, and took him as his confidant.
In the year of Yan 57 (A.D. 1320), Wu Wang, the younger brother of Lingbei Province, was accused of having no money to invest in Khan and being a widow such as Tuo and Hui Zhengshi. Yingzong guessed that the instigator behind the scenes was Empress Sheng Xing. He called the palace to make a decision, pre-emptively, and with lightning speed, led the palace guards to kill Asan, Totha, Black Donkey, Private and Leloba together. His son also lost eight children and was arrested and robbed of his property in Pingzhang County, Jiangsu Province. Yuan, who participated in the plot to abolish the Legislative Yuan, exiled his fans to Mount Kumgang and beheaded the former Prince Zhan Chuangwu. Wu was made king and was killed in November. Under the protection of Empress Dowager Cixi, Temuder pretended to be ill and hid at home, so as to save trouble, she stopped asking about China's books.
In August, with Qiu, we took action against Yushu. Zhao Shiyan once violated his rape, falsely accused him of disrespect, requested to kill him, and investigated the minister of provincial and Taiwan affairs. Knowing that Zhao Shiyan was a loyal man, Yingzong flatly rejected Temuder's request. 1 1 month, Temuder excused the right-hand Prime Minister Gao Ping, and was rejected again. At this time, the relationship between Yingzong and Baizhu became closer, while Temuder gradually alienated.
However, in the early days of Yingzong, due to the strong influence of Anshi and, although there was confrontation between the two major forces, the contradiction was not made public.
Second, the determination to reform was stifled. In order to realize the prosperity of the country and people, Yingzong broke through the resistance and implemented a series of reforms. Economically, in order to get out of trouble and save money, Yingzong boldly reduced the number of officials and ranks. After the accession to the throne, Yingzong ordered the elimination of five members of the Liu Shou Division of Shangdu. Jiangtaichang Hospital, Tong Yuan Hospital, Duhufu and Chongfu Department, from the second grade; Mongolian imperial academy, Dushuijian, Shangcheng Temple and Guanglu Temple, and from the three products; Give things, supervise the legacy, go to Shesi, Tianjian, and four products; They were all demoted by one rank. In addition, institutions such as ShaoFujian, * * imperial academy and Tongxingyuan have been removed. He was relieved of his post as prime minister of Zhongshu Province. For refugees from all over the world, Yingzong gave a lot of food and horses to appease them. Prohibition of alcohol and tax reduction in famine areas. In order to reduce the burden on farmers, Yingzong also reduced corvee for many times.
Yingzong also implemented some measures to strengthen centralization. It is expressly forbidden for religious believers to communicate with the king, and those in charge of the five subjects of Yin and Yang shall not disclose the situation.
Yingzong attached great importance to learning China culture. In December of Yan 57 (A.D. 1320), Lu, a bachelor of Hanlin, suddenly lost his job, and presented his translation of "The University" by Song Ruzhen to Yingzong, giving him 50,000 yuan. Yingzong then presented the ministers with printed copies of "University Extension". He also ordered sympathy for the poor descendants of Confucius to show respect for Confucianism. In May of the first year of Zhi Zhi (A.D. 132 1), the nobles' children were ordered to study Chinese studies. He twice ordered Hanlin National History Institute to compile Records of Renzong and Biographies of Empresses. In February of three years, Zhi Zhi compiled A Record of Injong.
Yingzong is good at coachable. He once appointed the eunuch Boluotai as an official order. The official thought that criminals were not allowed to participate in sacrifices, so Yingzong dismissed Polotai. The minister of Zhongshu Province put forward the reward control, and Yingzong also adopted it. In the same year, Taishiyuan asked for the prohibition of earthwork in the following year, and Yingzong also accepted it. Yingzong once wanted to save trouble by consulting Chinese books in Zhangdeng Palace on New Year's Day. Zhang wrote a letter of protest, and he immediately ordered it to stop. He is very concerned about government affairs and enjoins hundreds of officials to be diligent in government affairs every day. Recently, a minister was entrusted to present seven treasure belts. Yingzong said: I acceded to the throne, but I didn't see your recommendation, so I was brought in. This is an inducement. Give it back to me quickly. When there was a famine in Henan, ministers couldn't say why. Yingzong said: it's all my mismanagement. You didn't do your duty wholeheartedly. We should work hard to avoid more disasters for the people. He attached great importance to selecting officials and sent envoys to various provinces to select officials.
In the second year of Zhizhi, Anse died one after another, which basically freed the British Sect from the shackles of conservative forces and provided an opportunity for the implementation of reform. In October, Yingzong took Bai Zhu as the right prime minister of Zhongshu, and no longer set up another left prime minister to show his trust. In the imperial edict to the right prime minister, Yingzong expressed his determination to manage and innovate government affairs. In the following months, Yingzong carried out a series of reforms. The contents of the New Deal were as follows: First, large-scale use of Han landlords and bureaucrats and Confucian scholars ministers; Second, attack Huizhou Jacky and redundant officials and posts; Third, the assisted service method; Fourth, reduce corvee; Five, approved and promulgated the "Grand Yuantong System".
The reform carried out by Yingzong violated the interests of most conservative Mongolian colored nobles and caused their opposition and * * *. The reduction of redundant staff by the British Sect also greatly touched the aristocratic privileged class who lived a rich working life. In order to change the bad habit, the British Sect warned the ministers: Qing and others have high status, eat well and should try their best to repay them, but the dissatisfaction and * * * of the conservative nobles hindered the implementation of the New Deal.
In the third year of Zhi Zhi (A.D. 1323), Yingzong went to Shangdu for the summer vacation, took the opportunity to accompany the Prime Minister here and promulgated many decrees, and seized Temuder's official title and gifts, and also destroyed his father's ancestral tablet, thus benefiting his family wealth. This caused the dissatisfaction and fear of Temuder's confidant. Tiedi's father is Chang Wang Adi, his mother is Princess Gaiya, and his sister is the British Queen Sugebara. Injong, official residence Hanlin bachelor, Ren Xuanhui Academy ambassador. After Emperor Yingzong acceded to the throne, he also served as an envoy to Taiyuan, and both Zhongwei and Wei were prefects (in the first year, they were renamed as Forbidden Guards and Pro-Army Prefects). In March of the first year, the censor was killed and the censor was empty. Temuder took this opportunity to introduce him as a censor. Since then, his position has become more and more noble, and he is in charge of the left and right guards of the Guards. Tie lost his love for money and good goods, and his character was despicable. He worships Temuder as his adoptive father and pretends to be his adopted son. In December of the following year, his son Yuan, Li Baliji, was exposed by his family and took him to sacrifice his land. In February of the following year, Liu Kui and his colleagues participated in the case of sacrificing land and were also killed. Seeing that the situation was getting worse for him, Tilo and his followers planned a bloody coup in the palace.
In the third year of Emperor, Tiefei launched a palace coup to find a new backer. He has a deep relationship with Sun Tiemu, the confidant of the king of Jin Dynasty. On August 2, Tiefei sent an envoy to Timur, Sun Ye, to inform him of the plan to launch a coup, and said that after the coup was completed, Tiemu and Sun Ye were elected emperors. On the 5th, Yingzong's coachman set out from Shangdu to the south, and camped at Nanpo Store, 30 miles away from Shangdu at night. While Yingzong was sleeping in the middle of the night, Tie Ru knew about the Privy Council, and timur and others 16 people broke into the emperor's escort. With the bodyguard as the inside man, he killed Yingzong first, and then Tieru killed Yingzong by mistake in bed. On September 4th, timur, the king of Jin who had long coveted the throne, ascended the throne in Longju River (i.e. Qinghe River), making him the emperor. Yingzong buried the emperor's mausoleum In February of the first year of Taiding (A.D. 1324), he was honored as Emperor Xiao Wen of Sheng Rui, with the temple name Yingzong.