1, children's immune system is immature, which is a period of low physiological immune function.

2, the child's upper respiratory function is not perfect, especially vulnerable.

3. The upper respiratory tract is directly connected with the outside world. Under normal circumstances, the pharynx is parasitic with viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms. When you suddenly catch a cold and your resistance is low, local tissues are easily invaded by bacteria, causing inflammation.

4. Children's adaptability to the changes of surrounding environment and their resistance to diseases are relatively poor.

What can parents do for their children?

1, windows are often opened indoors for ventilation to keep the air flowing, and various air disinfectants are sprayed indoors regularly. Pay attention to the temperature, humidity and air freshness of the indoor environment. The temperature is 18-20℃ and the humidity is 50-60%. Open the window 3-4 times a day for about 15 minutes each time, and wipe the table floor with a wet cloth every day to make the indoor air fresh and moist.

2, strengthen physical exercise, enhance physical fitness, improve the body's resistance to pathogens. Pay attention to giving children necessary physical exercise from an early age, increase outdoor activities, and improve their adaptability to cold and hot changes in the surrounding environment and their resistance to diseases. Children who are prone to respiratory diseases are mostly caused by weak resistance and poor cold tolerance. Therefore, parents are advised to wash their children's faces with cold water from spring to enhance their cold resistance.

3, pay attention to children's clothing, children's clothing should be appropriate, increase or decrease with the change of temperature, clothing should be moderate to the degree that the back does not sweat. Many parents wrap their children tightly and mistakenly think that their children will not get sick. In fact, children have a lot of activities and sweat easily, so they wear too many clothes. Children can't move, sweat when they are active, and catch a cold when the wind blows. Don't put too many clothes on your children at ordinary times.

4, pay attention to give children a balanced diet, which can enhance the body's resistance. In diet, children can be given more vitamins, and drinking more water can also achieve the purpose of prevention.

5. Vaccinate on time in strict accordance with the planned immunization program for children, improve immunity to infectious diseases and prevent infectious diseases.

6. Educate children to pay attention to food hygiene, personal hygiene and civilized lifestyle. Form the habit of washing hands before and after meals. Go to public places and crowded places as little as possible. Respiratory infectious diseases are mainly spread by droplets.

7. Children's bedding, clothes and towels are often exposed to the sun. Tableware toys and toilets should be disinfected regularly to eliminate the spread of pathogenic bacteria.

8. Parents insist that their children check themselves before entering the park and after returning home. If you find oral ulcers, rashes or blisters, fever and diarrhea in your hands and feet, contact the kindergarten in time.

9. Strengthen children's physical exercise, insist on going to kindergarten, go to bed early and get up early, develop good work and rest habits, pay attention to children's food hygiene at home, and try to eat less cold food and unclean diet.

10, strengthen family communication and communicate children's health status in time.