1, No.1 Hospital (Qianjia) Qian, a 58-year-old scholar, loves drinking, painting and planting flowers. After the Japanese invasion destroyed his family, he changed his character and began to fight against the invaders. The eldest son Qian was forced to death by the Japanese army; The eldest daughter-in-law, of unknown age, has a son with Zhong Yu; Qian Mengshi, a car driver, drove his car and died with the Japanese.

2. Li Shifu of the Second Hospital is honest, kind and helpful; The fourth mother, Li Shifu's wife, is kind and helpful. Li Shifu's other son.

Other residents (the houses in No.2 Courtyard are all from Li Shifu)

3. Guan Xiaohe of the Third Hospital (housekeeper), in his fifties, has no occupation and no principle of right and wrong. He worshipped only powerful people and was buried alive by the Japanese. Big red envelope, crown's wife, loves playing cards.

Guan's second wife, You Tongfang, sang drums before marriage and was the first person to wake up in Guan's family. Guan's eldest daughter Guan, the second awakened person in Guan's family; Guan, beautiful but lazy, finally became a spy and was killed by Ruiquan.

Sun Qi, the barber in the Fourth Hospital, is straightforward. He loved to argue with Xiao Cui and Chang Shun about the merits and was buried alive by the Japanese. Mr. and Mrs. Xiao Cui, Xiao Cui was a foreign coachman and a just man, and was later killed by the Japanese for no reason.

Xiao Cui, the loyal minister's wife, was forced to remarry Cheng Changshun after her husband died. Widow Ma and her grandson Cheng Changshun make money by playing recordings. Later, in order to save Mrs Cui, they married her and gave birth to a son with her.

Miscellaneous courtyard

5, No.5 Hospital () Qi old man, nearly 80 years old, the oldest in the whole hutong, the representative of four generations under one roof; Son Qi Tianyou, in his fifties, was the shopkeeper of a cloth shop, and later committed suicide by throwing himself into the river because of the humiliation of the Japanese. Daughter-in-law, sick in bed all the year round.

Sun Tzu Qi Ruixuan, middle school English teacher; Mei Yun, the eldest grandson's wife, is 28 years old and is in charge of housework. Qi Ruifeng, the second grandson, was an ordinary servant in middle school and later became the director of the Education Bureau. Forced by the situation, he was expelled as an unemployed person and finally killed by the Japanese. Agatha, the wife of the second grandson (later remarried to Lan Dongyang), finally became a prostitute in Tianjin and died miserably.

Third grandson Qi Ruiquan, a student (later fled Beiping City to join the underground party); Great-grandson Xiao, son of Qi Ruixuan; Great-granddaughter Xiaozi, the daughter of Qi Ruixuan, died of gastrointestinal diseases on the day of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.

6. John Ding, who works in the British Embassy in Dongjiaominxiang, worships foreign things and flatters foreign countries; Master Liu and his wife, Master Liu, are carpenters who can practice boxing and fight lions. With the encouragement of Ruixuan, they fled the city to participate in the Anti-Japanese War. Xiaowen and his wife, who made a living by singing operas, were opera addicts, and later died heroically while performing for the Japanese.

7. The rest of the miscellaneous hospitals?

White patrol chief, managing the security of hutong, is smooth and has no bad intentions. Professor Niu, a bookworm who concentrates on his studies and has no national concept.

Lan Dongyang outside Hutong, academic director of middle school, traitor; Gao, a quack; Mr. Chang, a good friend of the old man Qi, guarded the tomb of Qi's family outside the city; Gold, the in-laws of money; Puppet army director Li Kongshan; Mr Fukuyama, an Englishman, is a good friend of Ruixuan and loves China culture.

Second, the main events and the final outcome.

First one?

muddledness

The story took place during the fall of Peiping in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's time. Lao Qi in the hutong of Beiping sheepfold yearns for the fulfillment of his 80th birthday. However, the sudden intrusion of the Japanese made the seemingly harmonious hutong stormy.

Young master Qian Jia died with the Japanese. In order to gain the trust of the Japanese, Guan Jia denounced Qian Jia. Qian was forced to go to prison, and Mr. Qian and Qian Furen died. With the help of his eldest brother, Qi Ruiquan fled the city and started the war of resistance.

With the help of selling their daughters' sex, the Crown family finally got the position of director of the Prostitute Research Institute. With the help of his wife, Ruifeng entered the Education Bureau as the section chief, and despite the opposition of Ruixuan, he served the Japanese in disguise.

On the one hand, the old man Qian, who was tortured unconscious by the enemy, was released from prison and gradually regained his sanity with the help of his neighbors in Hutong, and his daughter-in-law Qian also gave birth to a son.

After experiencing the blow of family destruction, the old man Qian gradually recognized the face of the Japanese and started the war of resistance in Peiping alone.

Part two?

Lead an ignominious life

Under the constant resistance of the Japanese, Beiping people gradually began to lack coal and food, and everyone in the hutong except Guan Jia became poorer and poorer. The Japanese also began to control the school's thoughts. Ruixuan was dissatisfied and resigned from school to work in the British Embassy.

Due to the changes in Japan's internal forces, Ruifeng was pushed down by a new wave of forces as the section chief, and Lan Dongyang became a cadre of Xinmin Society. With a genial smile, Fat Agatha remarried to Lan Dongyang, and Ruifeng recovered and returned to No.5 Hospital.

Ruixuan's uncooperative attitude made the Japanese seize the eldest grandson of the Qi family. Mei Yun quickly asked the trustee to find Mr Fukuyama and ask him for help. Finally, with the help of Fukuyama, Ruixuan survived and was rescued from prison.

The Japanese People's Open Theater Conference was bombed by the old man Qian, in which Xiaowen and his wife were killed by the Japanese army and You Tongfang died heroically. Because of all the informers, Da Chibao was imprisoned, Guan's family was sealed, Guan disappeared, and Xiao He lived on the streets.

Part three?

famine

The Japanese people's crazy war made the Japanese start to be economically nervous, and Peiping began to live without coal and food. The Qi family also began to lack food, and there was no coal fire to keep warm in winter.

Guan Xiaohe and Rui Feng, who lost power and influence, wandered in the street and were captured by Japanese spies. Da Chibao was tortured to death in prison. Gaudi wanted to go out of the city to resist Japan, but he was intercepted by his spy sister on the way. Finally, he returned to Peiping and started the underground war of resistance under the guidance of the old man Qian.

In order to save food, the Japanese began to stipulate the share of food, and each person received a fixed amount of mixed soil Republic. Under the destruction of this food, Beiping people began to spread infectious diseases. The Japanese caught the patients in the street and buried them alive. Sun Qi and Guan Xiaohe, who have just been released, were buried alive.

Ruiquan was ordered to go back to Beiping to do underground work. After Ruiquan returned to Beiping, he met the spy Zhao Di. Rui Quan killed his ex-girlfriend after a fight. Because of the destruction of the Republic, the chicken died in her mother's arms. In the cry of Mei Yun, people learned of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory and celebrated happily.

Expand the creative background of four generations living under one roof.

The creation of four generations under one roof began at 1944. Lao She's novel writing preparation began at 194 1, which was the fifth year after the fall of Beiping, and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression entered the stage of strategic stalemate.

Under the situation that the whole people are in common danger, literature shows a unified pace and a generally high patriotic sentiment. In this environment, Lao She came up with the idea of writing an anti-Japanese war novel, but it was shelved for lack of suitable theme.

It was not until 1944 that War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression entered the stage of counterattack that Lao She thought of a complete novel framework from his wife's experience, so he began to write this novel in the capital Chongqing. The writing of the novel lasted for four years, during which the author won the Anti-Japanese War and was invited to give lectures abroad. It was not until 1948 that Lao She finished this million-word novel in America.

Four generations under one roof is a million-word novel written by China writer Lao She. This is a novel that shows the life of ordinary people and the war of resistance in the occupied areas of Beiping. This book consists of three parts.

Based on the Xiaoyangquan Hutong in Beiping, the book depicts the images of many ordinary people from all walks of life at that time through complex contradictions and entanglements, with the Qi family in the Hutong as the main body and the Qian family, Guan family and other residents as the auxiliary.

The choice of resistance and obedience, the choice of country and individual, and all kinds of difficult choices are intertwined, which profoundly shows the difficult and tortuous road that ordinary people have gone through in the historical process of the great era.

The influence of the work

Lao She's works with the largest scale and the longest writing time are also the monuments of anti-Japanese war literature and even modern China literature.

Monument to nationalist literature.

The only long anti-Japanese war novel that positively describes the life of ordinary people during the anti-Japanese war.

Four generations under one roof is Lao She's best and most satisfactory work.

Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Four generations under one roof