Modern schools holding the view of the purpose of science education include positivism education, constructivism education, humanism education, social and cultural theory education, situational cognition theory education and multiple intelligence theory education.

1. Positivism education: Positivism education emphasizes the acquisition of knowledge through observation and experiment, and holds that correct conclusions can only be drawn through objective facts and evidence. This kind of education focuses on cultivating students' observation ability, experimental ability and analytical ability, so that students can understand the world in a scientific way.

2. Constructivism education: Constructivism education holds that knowledge is actively constructed by students in the process of interacting with the real world, and the role of teachers is to guide and support students' learning. This kind of education encourages students to actively participate in the learning process, and cultivates students' innovative ability and problem-solving ability.

3. Humanistic education: Humanistic education emphasizes respecting and developing students' personality and paying attention to students' emotions, needs and values. This kind of education focuses on cultivating students' autonomy, cooperation and critical thinking, so that students can find their place in society and realize their self-worth.

4. Socio-cultural theory education: Socio-cultural theory education pays attention to the influence of society and culture on individuals, and holds that individuals grow and develop under a specific socio-cultural background. This kind of education emphasizes the cultivation of students' cultural sensitivity and social responsibility, so that students can understand and respect different cultures and values.

5. Situational cognitive theory education: Situational cognitive theory education holds that learning is carried out in a specific situation, and students need to use knowledge and skills to solve problems in actual situations. This kind of education focuses on cultivating students' practical ability and problem-solving ability, so that students can apply what they have learned in real life.

6. Multi-intelligence theory education: Multi-intelligence theory education believes that everyone has multiple intelligences, not just traditional language and logical intelligence. This kind of education focuses on exploring and cultivating students' various intelligences, so that students can play their potential in different fields.