Women in higher education surpass men in all respects, and women in higher education surpass men in all respects. This means that girls have completely got rid of the fate of being treated unfairly in education, which has to be said to be social progress and educational fairness. Women who receive higher education generally surpass men.
Recently, the final statistical monitoring report of "China Women's Development Program (20 1 1-2020)" issued by the National Bureau of Statistics shows that the gender gap in compulsory education in China has been basically eliminated, and the gender ratio in all kinds of higher education, including graduate students, ordinary undergraduate colleges and adult undergraduate colleges, has reversed, that is, women account for more than men.
Specifically, among the students receiving higher education, the proportions of female graduate students, female undergraduates and adult undergraduates were 50.9%, 565, 438+0% and 58% respectively, which increased by 3. 1% and 0.6544% respectively from 2065 to 2020. From the figures alone, it seems that the dominant position of women in higher education is not significant, but if we consider the unbalanced sex ratio at birth in China, we may "overestimate" the educational advantages of women on the existing basis.
Under the social background that gender issues are widely concerned at present, "women's overall transcendence in higher education" is regarded as a great achievement in promoting gender equality in China. From a macro point of view, the generation and accumulation of women's educational advantages are accompanied by the development and changes of the whole social economy, especially the reduction of the number of family children and the expansion of higher education, which greatly increases the educational resources and opportunities available to women. The country's policy inclination towards remote and rural areas and the weaving of aid networks have also increased the equal opportunities for girls to receive education. From the micro level, fierce employment competition and gender discrimination in the field of employment also "stimulate" women to pursue higher-level education in order to obtain the expected return on education investment.
What does the advantage of female education mean? In some people's eyes, it may be higher academic qualifications, competitiveness in job hunting, and a more decent life and promising development prospects on this basis. For those remote areas and rural areas, any increase in the proportion of women at all stages of education may be behind a rewritten life story. In addition, the emergence of more educated women, especially those with higher education, will bring about changes in larger private and public fields.
It is worth mentioning that women's academic advantages may not be able to exchange for the competitiveness of the job market. In fact, as more educated women, especially those with higher education, enter the job market, they are greeted by more intense competition. In the past news, from time to time, the recruitment policy that employers obviously favor men broke out, which also reflected the influence of women's academic qualifications. The hidden gender discrimination and unequal power relations in the workplace put women under great pressure. Entering the stage of marriage and childbearing, women have to accept the consequences that their career development lags behind that of men or even quits the workplace.
This transition between education and labor market cannot but attract people's attention. This is not only because the economic and social development needs to be supported by temporarily suppressed or wasted human resources, but also because some scholars predict that the educational advantages of women in China will be further accumulated in the next few years with reference to the development models of other countries, which will bring greater contradictions and shocks to the labor market. Therefore, it is necessary to plan ahead and make timely institutional guidance and arrangements.
Facing the trend of more and more highly educated women entering the employment field, we should have a sense of urgency and accelerate the exploration of the socialized sharing mechanism of maternity expenses. For employers, controllable and predictable labor costs are helpful to eliminate gender discrimination in employment. For employed women, it also helps them to prolong their career and improve their professional contribution to a certain extent. More detailed and complicated work, such as adjusting the job evaluation system according to changes and exploring the implementation of flexible working system, should also be put on the agenda. In this way, women's educational advantages can really be precipitated as opportunities and resources to promote women's own development, and our society can be more equal, harmonious and full of vitality.
Women who receive higher education generally surpass men. Recently, the National Bureau of Statistics released the Outline of Women's Development in China (20 1 1-2022), and its final statistical monitoring report shows that during the decade of 20 10-2020, the proportion of female graduate students, female junior college students and female adult college students in China's higher education is 50% respectively.
The overall overtaking of women in higher education means that girls have completely got rid of the fate of being treated unfairly in education, and girls have gained equal rights and opportunities to receive education with boys, which has to be said to be social progress and educational fairness.
However, it is not all a good thing that women receive higher education than men, which also reflects a series of problems in education and social employment.
First of all, from the current education selection mechanism:
At present, most subjects in the standardized examination of education selection are reflected in the examination of listening, speaking, reading and writing, which is more conducive to girls' play. For example, in Chinese, English, Taoism, history, geography and other subjects, girls are more dominant in learning, and their test scores are generally higher than those of boys. Although boys in physics and chemistry are more dominant, after all, physics is only in contact with the second grade, and chemistry is only started in the third grade. Those boys who are not dominant in Chinese, English, Taoism, history and other subjects may be eliminated before the second and third grades.
Take the learning situation of boys and girls in the upper grades of primary school as an example. Boys have been polarized since the fifth and sixth grade of primary school. Excellent boys generally get good grades in math and science, but their grades in Chinese, English and Taoism are mostly lower than those of girls. Boys with poor academic performance can maintain good grades in all subjects except mathematics, but their grades in other subjects have been declining. Over time, these male students will lose interest and confidence in learning.
By the second and third day of junior high school, with the addition of physical chemistry, boys with better grades in the class will become more and more prominent and win a place in the senior high school entrance examination. But those boys who are not interested in liberal arts study can only be eliminated early.
Secondly, from the perspective of social employment:
Women with high academic qualifications do not have a high employment rate. On the contrary, it is difficult for women to get the same employment opportunities as boys. Some enterprises and job recruitment even directly hit the requirement of "only recruiting men". This cannot be said to be discrimination against women. After all, women have to bear more responsibilities in the family when they get married and have children, which means that it is more expensive for enterprises to recruit them.
In addition, women's high academic qualifications are mostly concentrated in service industries such as literature, history, philosophy, finance and art, while men are mostly in manufacturing industries such as science and engineering. How can society guide girls to choose their own majors in universities, plan their careers correctly, how can society provide more suitable jobs for women, and how can highly educated women be valued? This will become an urgent task for highly educated women to solve the contradictions and shocks in the labor market after overtaking.
Women's employment difficulties will inevitably make women work harder in their studies. Improving personal education is one of the most direct ways for women to solve the employment pressure, and the overtaking of female graduate students and female doctors may be even more detrimental to the improvement of fertility rate in China.
Third, a high degree of education does not mean a high quality of life.
On the contrary, if both boys and girls want to get good employment opportunities by improving their academic qualifications, it is involution in itself and a waste of social resources to some extent.
In short, it is not a good thing for both boys and girls to spend too much on academic qualifications, which represents the seriousness of involution in education. The level and proportion of women's education does not really represent the progress of education. Only from the perspective of overall employment and social development can we give full play to our talents, make everyone's education truly improve their personal quality of life and achieve better personal development. This is the real progress of education, and then our education will not be in vain, people.
Women who receive higher education generally surpass men. 3 According to the statistical results of "China Women's Development Program (20 1 1-2020)" by the National Bureau of Statistics. Women in adult colleges, ordinary colleges and universities, graduate students and other academic qualifications have surpassed men in an all-round way, accounting for 58%, 565, 438+0% and 50.9% respectively. (Source: Guangming Daily)
This data first shows that the level of women's fair education in China now far exceeds that in Europe and America. We know that there are more women than men in most countries in Europe and America. Even in this case, women's right to receive higher education will still be affected to some extent. Take Germany as an example. The ratio of male to female in German population is 49: 5 1, and the ratio of male to female in universities is 53: 47. (Source: German Higher Education Research from a Gender Perspective, Meng, Zhu)
However, there are 30 million more men than women in China. More women are admitted to adult colleges than men 16%, and more women are admitted to ordinary colleges and universities by 2%. Even the graduate degree is more than that of men 1.8%. This shows that our country has made great efforts to eliminate the educational inequality between men and women. Western countries often only talk about eliminating the educational inequality between men and women, but they still discriminate against female scholars in action, and their words and deeds are different.
The improvement of women's education level has brought about the improvement of income level. At this time, women should learn to change their thinking. Some sociologists have said on social media that the leftover women in China are mainly concentrated in big cities, while the leftover men are all over the countryside.
The reason is that after the improvement of women's education level, the concept of mate selection still retains the original concept of "men are strong and women are weak" and does not keep pace with the times with the improvement of women's rights. Still used to choose to look for men with academic qualifications and income levels that exceed their own. The concept of women's upward choice of spouse leads to the small space for women with high education and high income to choose a spouse, which leads to these women's failure to give full play to their youthful value and lose some happiness in life.
Excellent women lack suitable male partners, which means that our society has lost some excellent female genes. Some netizens said that this actually aggravated the current problem of low fertility rate.
Women with high academic qualifications should actually change their thinking, so should men in society, and even people of all ages in the whole society should change their thinking on women's issues with the development of the times.
In fact, some women with high education and high income finally choose the marriage partner, whose income is not higher than theirs, and whose education is not higher than theirs, but they still live a happy life. However, such women often bear certain social pressure. Because there will always be some discriminatory voices saying to them, "How did you find such a man to marry?"
Therefore, there are three levels to change thinking:
① Highly educated women should believe that they can assume the role of the pillar of the family, and they don't have to rely on men.
Men can also be brave enough to pursue women with high education and high income. Don't think that they eat soft rice, they can even take on the role of full-time nanny and share the hardships of their wives.
(3) Society should be less discriminatory and admit that there is a new family model in which women are stronger than men.
The present situation of education shows that women not only hold up half the sky, but may even become the pillar of the family. It is beneficial to the harmonious development of society that the whole society changes its thinking together. Only when the society develops harmoniously and sustainably can women's rights be supported, maintained and developed.