One of the misunderstandings is that the fundamental purpose of legal education is to prevent juvenile delinquency.
The background of advocating legal education first lies in the weak legal consciousness of teenagers at that time, which led to the increase of juvenile delinquency. Legal education is very necessary to prevent and control juvenile delinquency. However, legal education is not only to prevent juvenile delinquency, but also to those "double-poor students" who need legal education. In fact, the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency is only the most basic requirement, and legal education has a deeper significance, that is, the modern country we want to build is a country ruled by law. If teenagers want to become qualified citizens, they must have basic legal awareness, otherwise, it will be difficult to adapt to the development of society. Because in any society, only a few people commit crimes. If the significance of popularizing law is only to prevent illegal crimes, it must be only a part of people's concern and attention. The development of a legal society requires all citizens, including teenagers, to have basic legal awareness. We should also explore its significance from the broader background that modern people adapt to the needs of modern society and govern the country according to law.
Legal education should clarify the legal status of teenagers and establish their legal consciousness. The most important and core thing is to cultivate their constitutional awareness and awareness of rights and obligations through legal education. (1) Constitutional consciousness is the core of legal consciousness, because the Constitution stipulates comprehensive and fundamental issues in all aspects of the country, embodies the highest interests of the country and the people, and is the soul of China law. Therefore, to cultivate young people's legal awareness, the first thing is to let them maintain the dignity of the constitution from an early age, unswervingly adhere to the four basic principles stipulated in the constitution, and resolutely fight against all kinds of unconstitutional acts. (2) Understanding and mastering the relevant knowledge of rights and obligations is an important content of legal consciousness. Teenagers with good legal awareness should make good use of their legal rights correctly and legally and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests according to law. Such as political and democratic rights, personal rights, property rights, education rights, labor rights, rest rights, marriage and family rights. The law clearly stipulates. Once the rights are violated, we should use legal weapons to protect ourselves, rather than submit to humiliation and admit that we are unlucky; Don't solve it by "settling". The law is just and teenagers can use it to protect their rights. Of course, while enjoying the rights stipulated by law extensively, every teenager must also fully fulfill his obligations stipulated by law. Rights may not be exercised and obligations may not be performed. The law is absolutely not allowed to ask for the exercise of rights without fulfilling obligations. Those who fail to fulfill their obligations and behaviors will be punished by law.
Through legal education, the majority of young people care about the country's democracy and legal system construction, consciously safeguard the dignity of the law, not only dare to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, but also be able to fight against all kinds of illegal and criminal activities that infringe on the legitimate interests of the state, the collective and others, and establish the spirit and courage to devote themselves to China's socialist democracy and legal system construction. This also reflects the distinctive characteristics of the times of teenagers and is the hope of a society ruled by law.
The second misunderstanding is to solve outstanding problems through one or two legal lectures.
As the main position of juvenile legal education, the school has a specific operational problem. Nowadays, although many schools have carried out legal education, they can also tell some achievements, but they have not really made efforts to grasp it, or failed to grasp the key points. Most schools still hope to give one or two lectures on legal education after problems arise. The effect of legal education can be imagined in solving problems.
In fact, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) clearly pointed out in the Decision on Basic Popularization of Legal Knowledge among Citizens: "Schools are an important position for popularizing legal knowledge. Universities, middle schools, primary schools and other schools at all levels should offer legal education courses, or add legal education to related courses, which should be included in the teaching plan and combine legal education with moral education and ideological and political education. " Legal education should pay attention to the formation of special courses, penetrate into various courses, combine with school activities, and cultivate teenagers' legal consciousness through daily study, life, thought and behavior. From now on, educational administrative organs and schools at all levels should attach importance to the training and assessment of legal education teachers, form high-quality legal education textbooks, outlines and teaching guidance materials, have supporting second classes and colorful activities, and scientifically evaluate legal education in schools through strict inspection and evaluation.
The third misunderstanding is to plan, implement and evaluate legal education in real life with knowledge education.
From the analysis of the current situation of legal education in schools, many schools attach great importance to the classroom learning of legal knowledge, and take the examination results as the main index to evaluate the effect of popularizing law, which objectively makes the popularization of law education fall into the misunderstanding of simply pursuing scores. Today's criminals are different from those in the past. Many of them have studied law, are very familiar with the relevant provisions, and can even recite them. Why do they also commit crimes? Because although legal education includes understanding and mastering legal knowledge, legal education cannot be limited to the results of legal knowledge assessment. Knowing and being familiar with legal knowledge does not mean having legal awareness. Teenagers are in a period of long body and long knowledge, and they have a good memory. They can be familiar with and even recite the specific provisions of relevant laws, regulations and rules in a very short time, and can achieve excellent results in the legal knowledge contest. However, this familiarity with legal provisions is only an understanding and perceptual understanding of the law. Teenagers face a complicated social life. Just knowing and mastering legal knowledge is not enough to meet the practical needs of today's society, and it is not suitable for the long-term requirements of the future legal society.
The legal education of teenagers is more important to cultivate their legal consciousness, see clearly all kinds of social phenomena through the mirror of law, and distinguish right from wrong in complex social phenomena; Standardize your daily behavior by law and be a law-abiding citizen; Defend their legitimate rights and interests through laws and resolutely crack down on illegal infringement. Therefore, both legal educators and teenagers themselves should attach importance to the process of internalizing and upgrading teenagers' legal knowledge into legal consciousness. This is not only a higher requirement for school legal education, but also an inevitable trend for teenagers to learn legal knowledge.
When carrying out legal education for teenagers, we should make the education form colorful and lively, make the legal education reflect novelty, intuition, participation and systematicness, and establish due legal consciousness from it. The novelty required here is to be innovative, to make young people feel refreshed, interested and consciously educated; Intuition refers to being good at proving abstract legal knowledge and concepts with examples and forming legal concepts and consciousness; Participation, that is, through mock trial, knowledge contest, speech contest, stage play and other activities, urges the educated to think, analyze, judge and educate themselves and receive the actual effect of education; Systematization refers to teaching the contents of legal education step by step according to different objects and requirements. When teenagers plan, implement and evaluate the harvest of legal education by themselves, they must get rid of the shackles of scores and take the actual effect as the standard, so that the significance of learning the law is even greater.
The fourth misunderstanding, publicity and education often emphasize the investigation according to law afterwards.
A major feature of the law is mandatory, and anyone and anything that violates the law can hardly escape the severe punishment of the law. In view of the increasing number of cases against teenagers in society, in the process of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of teenagers, the society relies on the powerful safeguard measure of law to effectively investigate and deal with people and things that infringe the legitimate rights and interests of teenagers, which has dealt a blow to the arrogance of criminals. Law education is often keen to use typical cases in real society to expand the publicity effect. Although it has positive effects, it also has many negative effects objectively.
Now many teenagers generally know that when their legitimate rights and interests are violated, they will defend their rights through legal channels and procedures. However, after being infringed by the outside world, safeguarding rights is a remedy after the event. For the young victims, this kind of legal education is a bit late and the scope is relatively narrow. "Better late than never" is based on the premise that the losses have been caused, and sometimes the losses suffered by teenagers are irreparable. Especially for the majority of teenagers, being satisfied with the legal education of investigation may obliterate the enthusiasm of most teenagers to study law. Therefore, legal education should focus on guiding the growth direction of teenagers, standardizing their daily behavior and preventing them from being illegally infringed by the outside world. It is necessary to reduce the opportunities and possibilities of young people's victimization through legal education for young people, so that more young people can grow up healthily. This is more meaningful for the majority of teenagers, especially a generation of only-child teenagers, to establish a sense of prevention, standardize daily behavior, prevent illegal infringement and other pre-legal education. In real life, there are indeed many unnecessary infringements that can be completely avoided through prior prevention. Of course, if the legitimate rights and interests of teenagers are infringed, or if teenagers commit illegal and criminal acts, the relevant personnel should still be held accountable according to law.
The fifth misunderstanding is to ignore the teaching of legal operation methods.
Although many teenagers know some legal knowledge and have certain legal consciousness, they will still encounter many specific difficulties in applying the law because they have not mastered the minimum operating rules. The specific application of law inevitably needs certain ways and means, including the specific provisions of law and the accumulation of social experience. By mastering the operation methods of applying the law, teenagers can better take up legal weapons to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests and promote their healthy growth. It can be seen that law education needs knowledge education and consciousness cultivation, but it also needs the teaching of operation methods. The practical operation of these laws, from how to write papers, where to complain, and through what legal channels to seek legal aid, are very realistic and important for the use in real life.
When educating teenagers about the legal system, we should attach great importance to the education of substantive law and strengthen the education of procedural law, because procedural law involves the application process of law and is the operating condition and guarantee to ensure the practical implementation of substantive law. Of course, in a broad sense, the legal education of teenagers should also increase the content of how to carry out education in strict accordance with legal norms in the process of safeguarding rights after their legitimate rights and interests are violated; In the process of preventing victims and crimes, how to master the methods and skills such as pre-prevention, on-site application and reporting afterwards. Because this kind of educational content has the characteristics of strong application and maneuverability, and the case education method is often used in education, it is very popular among teenagers, and the actual effect of education is naturally very obvious.